Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala

Mike Odongo; Solomon Alex Mutagaya

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13

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Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala

Mike Odongo, Solomon Alex Mutagaya

Published in American Journal of Applied Scientific Research (Volume 9, Issue 1)

Received: 11 October 2022 Accepted: 16 November 2022 Published: 11 April 2023

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Abstract

Cassava is one of the cyanogenic plants poisonous to humans once consumed in unprocessed state. Cassava is characterized by a cyanogenic glycoside, linamarin and hydrolyzed to cyanohydrin by an enzyme called linamarase, cyanohydrin is hydrolyzed to a toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN). This study purposed investigation of the levels of cyanide in the sweet cassava subspecies marketed in various markets within Kampala City. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Nakawa Division were 50.83±2.93, 53.54±2.46, 52.25±2.64, 52.20±2.45 and 47.25±3.12 ppm for Nakawa Market, Kisasi Market, Banda Market, Kirombe Market and Bugolobi Local Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Kawempe Division were 56.25± 3.43, 54.52± 2.84 and 61.08± 3.32 ppm for Kalerwe Market, Mperewe Market and Kawempe Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Rubaga Division were 59.69±2.41, 57.83±2.96 and 61.55±2.52 ppm for Busega Market, Kawala Market and Nakulabye Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Makindye Division were 58.41±2.51, 52.58±2.43, 54.53±2.76 and 54.41±2.93 ppm for Gaaba Market, Kabalagala Market, Kansanga Vendor Market and Bunga Market respectively. All samples analyzed for cyanide in cassava gave values higher than 10ppm which is WHO’s recommended level of cyanide in cassava. This article gives vital information on the levels of cyanide in cassava from the various markets in Kampala City.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Scientific Research (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13
Page(s)	21-26
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cyanide, Cassava, Picrate Paper Kit, Kampala City, Toxicity

References

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Mike Odongo, Solomon Alex Mutagaya. (2023). Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala. American Journal of Applied Scientific Research, 9(1), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13

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Mike Odongo; Solomon Alex Mutagaya. Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala. Am. J. Appl. Sci. Res. 2023, 9(1), 21-26. doi: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13

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AMA Style

Mike Odongo, Solomon Alex Mutagaya. Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala. Am J Appl Sci Res. 2023;9(1):21-26. doi: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13,
  author = {Mike Odongo and Solomon Alex Mutagaya},
  title = {Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Scientific Research},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {21-26},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajasr.20230901.13},
  abstract = {Cassava is one of the cyanogenic plants poisonous to humans once consumed in unprocessed state. Cassava is characterized by a cyanogenic glycoside, linamarin and hydrolyzed to cyanohydrin by an enzyme called linamarase, cyanohydrin is hydrolyzed to a toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN). This study purposed investigation of the levels of cyanide in the sweet cassava subspecies marketed in various markets within Kampala City. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Nakawa Division were 50.83±2.93, 53.54±2.46, 52.25±2.64, 52.20±2.45 and 47.25±3.12 ppm for Nakawa Market, Kisasi Market, Banda Market, Kirombe Market and Bugolobi Local Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Kawempe Division were 56.25± 3.43, 54.52± 2.84 and 61.08± 3.32 ppm for Kalerwe Market, Mperewe Market and Kawempe Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Rubaga Division were 59.69±2.41, 57.83±2.96 and 61.55±2.52 ppm for Busega Market, Kawala Market and Nakulabye Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Makindye Division were 58.41±2.51, 52.58±2.43, 54.53±2.76 and 54.41±2.93 ppm for Gaaba Market, Kabalagala Market, Kansanga Vendor Market and Bunga Market respectively. All samples analyzed for cyanide in cassava gave values higher than 10ppm which is WHO’s recommended level of cyanide in cassava. This article gives vital information on the levels of cyanide in cassava from the various markets in Kampala City.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala
AU  - Mike Odongo
AU  - Solomon Alex Mutagaya
Y1  - 2023/04/11
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13
T2  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
JF  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
JO  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
SP  - 21
EP  - 26
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-9730
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13
AB  - Cassava is one of the cyanogenic plants poisonous to humans once consumed in unprocessed state. Cassava is characterized by a cyanogenic glycoside, linamarin and hydrolyzed to cyanohydrin by an enzyme called linamarase, cyanohydrin is hydrolyzed to a toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN). This study purposed investigation of the levels of cyanide in the sweet cassava subspecies marketed in various markets within Kampala City. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Nakawa Division were 50.83±2.93, 53.54±2.46, 52.25±2.64, 52.20±2.45 and 47.25±3.12 ppm for Nakawa Market, Kisasi Market, Banda Market, Kirombe Market and Bugolobi Local Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Kawempe Division were 56.25± 3.43, 54.52± 2.84 and 61.08± 3.32 ppm for Kalerwe Market, Mperewe Market and Kawempe Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Rubaga Division were 59.69±2.41, 57.83±2.96 and 61.55±2.52 ppm for Busega Market, Kawala Market and Nakulabye Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Makindye Division were 58.41±2.51, 52.58±2.43, 54.53±2.76 and 54.41±2.93 ppm for Gaaba Market, Kabalagala Market, Kansanga Vendor Market and Bunga Market respectively. All samples analyzed for cyanide in cassava gave values higher than 10ppm which is WHO’s recommended level of cyanide in cassava. This article gives vital information on the levels of cyanide in cassava from the various markets in Kampala City.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Mike Odongo

Department of Chemistry, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda
Solomon Alex Mutagaya

Department of Chemistry, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda

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Mike Odongo, Solomon Alex Mutagaya. (2023). Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala. American Journal of Applied Scientific Research, 9(1), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13

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ACS Style

Mike Odongo; Solomon Alex Mutagaya. Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala. Am. J. Appl. Sci. Res. 2023, 9(1), 21-26. doi: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13

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AMA Style

Mike Odongo, Solomon Alex Mutagaya. Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala. Am J Appl Sci Res. 2023;9(1):21-26. doi: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13,
  author = {Mike Odongo and Solomon Alex Mutagaya},
  title = {Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Scientific Research},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {21-26},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajasr.20230901.13},
  abstract = {Cassava is one of the cyanogenic plants poisonous to humans once consumed in unprocessed state. Cassava is characterized by a cyanogenic glycoside, linamarin and hydrolyzed to cyanohydrin by an enzyme called linamarase, cyanohydrin is hydrolyzed to a toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN). This study purposed investigation of the levels of cyanide in the sweet cassava subspecies marketed in various markets within Kampala City. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Nakawa Division were 50.83±2.93, 53.54±2.46, 52.25±2.64, 52.20±2.45 and 47.25±3.12 ppm for Nakawa Market, Kisasi Market, Banda Market, Kirombe Market and Bugolobi Local Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Kawempe Division were 56.25± 3.43, 54.52± 2.84 and 61.08± 3.32 ppm for Kalerwe Market, Mperewe Market and Kawempe Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Rubaga Division were 59.69±2.41, 57.83±2.96 and 61.55±2.52 ppm for Busega Market, Kawala Market and Nakulabye Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Makindye Division were 58.41±2.51, 52.58±2.43, 54.53±2.76 and 54.41±2.93 ppm for Gaaba Market, Kabalagala Market, Kansanga Vendor Market and Bunga Market respectively. All samples analyzed for cyanide in cassava gave values higher than 10ppm which is WHO’s recommended level of cyanide in cassava. This article gives vital information on the levels of cyanide in cassava from the various markets in Kampala City.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Investigation of Levels of Cyanide in Cassava Tubers Marketed in Kampala
AU  - Mike Odongo
AU  - Solomon Alex Mutagaya
Y1  - 2023/04/11
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13
T2  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
JF  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
JO  - American Journal of Applied Scientific Research
SP  - 21
EP  - 26
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-9730
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajasr.20230901.13
AB  - Cassava is one of the cyanogenic plants poisonous to humans once consumed in unprocessed state. Cassava is characterized by a cyanogenic glycoside, linamarin and hydrolyzed to cyanohydrin by an enzyme called linamarase, cyanohydrin is hydrolyzed to a toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN). This study purposed investigation of the levels of cyanide in the sweet cassava subspecies marketed in various markets within Kampala City. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Nakawa Division were 50.83±2.93, 53.54±2.46, 52.25±2.64, 52.20±2.45 and 47.25±3.12 ppm for Nakawa Market, Kisasi Market, Banda Market, Kirombe Market and Bugolobi Local Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Kawempe Division were 56.25± 3.43, 54.52± 2.84 and 61.08± 3.32 ppm for Kalerwe Market, Mperewe Market and Kawempe Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Rubaga Division were 59.69±2.41, 57.83±2.96 and 61.55±2.52 ppm for Busega Market, Kawala Market and Nakulabye Market respectively. The mean concentration levels of cyanide in cassava samples from markets within Makindye Division were 58.41±2.51, 52.58±2.43, 54.53±2.76 and 54.41±2.93 ppm for Gaaba Market, Kabalagala Market, Kansanga Vendor Market and Bunga Market respectively. All samples analyzed for cyanide in cassava gave values higher than 10ppm which is WHO’s recommended level of cyanide in cassava. This article gives vital information on the levels of cyanide in cassava from the various markets in Kampala City.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

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