On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach

Victor Kytopoulos; Alexandros Altzoumailis

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12

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On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach

Victor Kytopoulos, Alexandros Altzoumailis

Published in American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 5)

Received: 13 March 2021 Accepted: 27 March 2021 Published: 30 October 2021

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Abstract

Hydrogen produced after exposure of a low – carbon steel to corrosive NaCl – Water solution may affect various its tensile mechanical and magnetic microstructural behaviour in a complex manner. This was investigated by introducing a relevant micromagnetic specific emission (ME) - response of this ferromagnetic material, where related processes and parameters of micromagnetic activity and mechanical response were implemented. In this manner, it was demonstrated that an increase in the hydrogen accumulation with corrosion time leads to an associated increase in the embrittling effect expressed by a substantial loss in the ductility of material. The competive and opposing effects of cumulative hydrogen, applied stress and plastic strain – induced microstructural damage were related to the specific ME- response parameter by which an increased magnetic hardening tendency of material with corrosion time was possible to establish. In this fashion and by using a stress as well as strain mode of presentation- aided combined approach, the complex interplay between micromagnetic activity, hydrogen accumulation and applied stress-strain was better revieled and analysed. It was also shown that the embrittlement is a product of hydrogen accumulation introduced by two highly localized processes. As such, accumulation occurs in two characteristic parallel ways: one of a common lattice diffusion and one of hydrogen transport and redistribution by moving dislocation towards the affected sites. Concerning the highly localized effects the dominating role of hydrogen – induced damage in form void initiation and growth over the hydrogen – assisted stress relief was reasonably demonstrated by using a simple modelling approach. Based on a mechanism of moving dislocation – assisted interaction between commulative hydrogen and magnetic domain walls, a Portervin – Le Chatelier – type micromagnetic process of a cooperative-corelated domain wall transport was proposed to explain certain subtle, quasiperiodic behaviour of ME- response. In the frame of the above findings the superior sensivity of ME – response compared to the mechanical one in early detecting cumulative hydrogen – assisted microstructural damage changes can be d educed.

Published in	American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12
Page(s)	119-133
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

J - Parameter, Hydrogen, Embrittlement, Void, Domain Wall, Pinning Strength, Dislocation, Stress- Strain

References

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Victor Kytopoulos, Alexandros Altzoumailis. (2021). On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach. American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 9(5), 119-133. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12

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ACS Style

Victor Kytopoulos; Alexandros Altzoumailis. On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach. Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2021, 9(5), 119-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12

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AMA Style

Victor Kytopoulos, Alexandros Altzoumailis. On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach. Am J Chem Eng. 2021;9(5):119-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12,
  author = {Victor Kytopoulos and Alexandros Altzoumailis},
  title = {On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {5},
  pages = {119-133},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20210905.12},
  abstract = {Hydrogen produced after exposure of a low – carbon steel to corrosive NaCl – Water solution may affect various its tensile mechanical and magnetic microstructural behaviour in a complex manner. This was investigated by introducing a relevant micromagnetic specific emission (ME) - response of this ferromagnetic material, where related processes and parameters of micromagnetic activity and mechanical response were implemented. In this manner, it was demonstrated that an increase in the hydrogen accumulation with corrosion time leads to an associated increase in the embrittling effect expressed by a substantial loss in the ductility of material. The competive and opposing effects of cumulative hydrogen, applied stress and plastic strain – induced microstructural damage were related to the specific ME- response parameter by which an increased magnetic hardening tendency of material with corrosion time was possible to establish. In this fashion and by using a stress as well as strain mode of presentation- aided combined approach, the complex interplay between micromagnetic activity, hydrogen accumulation and applied stress-strain was better revieled and analysed. It was also shown that the embrittlement is a product of hydrogen accumulation introduced by two highly localized processes. As such, accumulation occurs in two characteristic parallel ways: one of a common lattice diffusion and one of hydrogen transport and redistribution by moving dislocation towards the affected sites. Concerning the highly localized effects the dominating role of hydrogen – induced damage in form void initiation and growth over the hydrogen – assisted stress relief was reasonably demonstrated by using a simple modelling approach. Based on a mechanism of moving dislocation – assisted interaction between commulative hydrogen and magnetic domain walls, a Portervin – Le Chatelier – type micromagnetic process of a cooperative-corelated domain wall transport was proposed to explain certain subtle, quasiperiodic behaviour of ME- response. In the frame of the above findings the superior sensivity of ME – response compared to the mechanical one in early detecting cumulative hydrogen – assisted microstructural damage changes can be d educed.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach
AU  - Victor Kytopoulos
AU  - Alexandros Altzoumailis
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PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12
T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12
AB  - Hydrogen produced after exposure of a low – carbon steel to corrosive NaCl – Water solution may affect various its tensile mechanical and magnetic microstructural behaviour in a complex manner. This was investigated by introducing a relevant micromagnetic specific emission (ME) - response of this ferromagnetic material, where related processes and parameters of micromagnetic activity and mechanical response were implemented. In this manner, it was demonstrated that an increase in the hydrogen accumulation with corrosion time leads to an associated increase in the embrittling effect expressed by a substantial loss in the ductility of material. The competive and opposing effects of cumulative hydrogen, applied stress and plastic strain – induced microstructural damage were related to the specific ME- response parameter by which an increased magnetic hardening tendency of material with corrosion time was possible to establish. In this fashion and by using a stress as well as strain mode of presentation- aided combined approach, the complex interplay between micromagnetic activity, hydrogen accumulation and applied stress-strain was better revieled and analysed. It was also shown that the embrittlement is a product of hydrogen accumulation introduced by two highly localized processes. As such, accumulation occurs in two characteristic parallel ways: one of a common lattice diffusion and one of hydrogen transport and redistribution by moving dislocation towards the affected sites. Concerning the highly localized effects the dominating role of hydrogen – induced damage in form void initiation and growth over the hydrogen – assisted stress relief was reasonably demonstrated by using a simple modelling approach. Based on a mechanism of moving dislocation – assisted interaction between commulative hydrogen and magnetic domain walls, a Portervin – Le Chatelier – type micromagnetic process of a cooperative-corelated domain wall transport was proposed to explain certain subtle, quasiperiodic behaviour of ME- response. In the frame of the above findings the superior sensivity of ME – response compared to the mechanical one in early detecting cumulative hydrogen – assisted microstructural damage changes can be d educed.
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Author Information

Victor Kytopoulos

School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Alexandros Altzoumailis

School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece

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Victor Kytopoulos, Alexandros Altzoumailis. (2021). On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach. American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 9(5), 119-133. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12

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ACS Style

Victor Kytopoulos; Alexandros Altzoumailis. On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach. Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2021, 9(5), 119-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12

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AMA Style

Victor Kytopoulos, Alexandros Altzoumailis. On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach. Am J Chem Eng. 2021;9(5):119-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12,
  author = {Victor Kytopoulos and Alexandros Altzoumailis},
  title = {On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {5},
  pages = {119-133},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20210905.12},
  abstract = {Hydrogen produced after exposure of a low – carbon steel to corrosive NaCl – Water solution may affect various its tensile mechanical and magnetic microstructural behaviour in a complex manner. This was investigated by introducing a relevant micromagnetic specific emission (ME) - response of this ferromagnetic material, where related processes and parameters of micromagnetic activity and mechanical response were implemented. In this manner, it was demonstrated that an increase in the hydrogen accumulation with corrosion time leads to an associated increase in the embrittling effect expressed by a substantial loss in the ductility of material. The competive and opposing effects of cumulative hydrogen, applied stress and plastic strain – induced microstructural damage were related to the specific ME- response parameter by which an increased magnetic hardening tendency of material with corrosion time was possible to establish. In this fashion and by using a stress as well as strain mode of presentation- aided combined approach, the complex interplay between micromagnetic activity, hydrogen accumulation and applied stress-strain was better revieled and analysed. It was also shown that the embrittlement is a product of hydrogen accumulation introduced by two highly localized processes. As such, accumulation occurs in two characteristic parallel ways: one of a common lattice diffusion and one of hydrogen transport and redistribution by moving dislocation towards the affected sites. Concerning the highly localized effects the dominating role of hydrogen – induced damage in form void initiation and growth over the hydrogen – assisted stress relief was reasonably demonstrated by using a simple modelling approach. Based on a mechanism of moving dislocation – assisted interaction between commulative hydrogen and magnetic domain walls, a Portervin – Le Chatelier – type micromagnetic process of a cooperative-corelated domain wall transport was proposed to explain certain subtle, quasiperiodic behaviour of ME- response. In the frame of the above findings the superior sensivity of ME – response compared to the mechanical one in early detecting cumulative hydrogen – assisted microstructural damage changes can be d educed.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - On Novel Aspects of Hydrogen Effects on Applied Stress - Coupled Micromagnetic Activity in a Mild Steel After Exposure to NaCl – Water Solution: A Combined Approach
AU  - Victor Kytopoulos
AU  - Alexandros Altzoumailis
Y1  - 2021/10/30
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12
T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
SP  - 119
EP  - 133
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210905.12
AB  - Hydrogen produced after exposure of a low – carbon steel to corrosive NaCl – Water solution may affect various its tensile mechanical and magnetic microstructural behaviour in a complex manner. This was investigated by introducing a relevant micromagnetic specific emission (ME) - response of this ferromagnetic material, where related processes and parameters of micromagnetic activity and mechanical response were implemented. In this manner, it was demonstrated that an increase in the hydrogen accumulation with corrosion time leads to an associated increase in the embrittling effect expressed by a substantial loss in the ductility of material. The competive and opposing effects of cumulative hydrogen, applied stress and plastic strain – induced microstructural damage were related to the specific ME- response parameter by which an increased magnetic hardening tendency of material with corrosion time was possible to establish. In this fashion and by using a stress as well as strain mode of presentation- aided combined approach, the complex interplay between micromagnetic activity, hydrogen accumulation and applied stress-strain was better revieled and analysed. It was also shown that the embrittlement is a product of hydrogen accumulation introduced by two highly localized processes. As such, accumulation occurs in two characteristic parallel ways: one of a common lattice diffusion and one of hydrogen transport and redistribution by moving dislocation towards the affected sites. Concerning the highly localized effects the dominating role of hydrogen – induced damage in form void initiation and growth over the hydrogen – assisted stress relief was reasonably demonstrated by using a simple modelling approach. Based on a mechanism of moving dislocation – assisted interaction between commulative hydrogen and magnetic domain walls, a Portervin – Le Chatelier – type micromagnetic process of a cooperative-corelated domain wall transport was proposed to explain certain subtle, quasiperiodic behaviour of ME- response. In the frame of the above findings the superior sensivity of ME – response compared to the mechanical one in early detecting cumulative hydrogen – assisted microstructural damage changes can be d educed.
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
ER  -

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