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Conversion Donut-Shaped Pattern to Directive Without Using Any Mode Converter

Received: 14 January 2021    Accepted: 18 March 2021    Published: 30 March 2021
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Abstract

In this paper, an electromagnetic diode with TEM mode, such as MILO, is connected directly to a Dual Mirrored Slotted Array Antenna (DMSAA). To convert a donut-shaped pattern of the electromagnetic source into a directive pattern, mode converters have been used in the past. But their losses, weight, size, and cost additions impact negatively on total system performance. Due to not using any mode converters, this is useful. Given the input is an electromagnetic diode with a TEM output mode, a large bandwidth is unnecessary. Therefore, slot antennas are used. Usually, array antennas were commonly used to increase the directivity and beamforming at the output of mode converters. To convert a donate-shaped pattern into a directive, half of the aperture fields must be rotated 180°. Here, the diode outlet is connected to the DMSAA with an inherent phase difference of 180° of the electric fields. For this purpose, a power divider and a pair of narrow wall slotted array antennas (NWSAA) have been used. The antenna is simulated at 10GHz frequency. The results show a fully directive beam with a side lobe level (SLL) below -10dB. Also, S11 is -16.5dB, at 10GHz frequency. Because the mode converter is completely removed, this structure is very suitable for compact applications.

Published in American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajea.20210901.11
Page(s) 1-6
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Slotted Array Antenna, Power Divider, Mode Converter, Coaxial Waveguide, Rectangular Waveguide, Directive Antenna

References
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[2] S. J. Hosseini, M. Dahmardeh, and M. Yousefian, “A high power TEM to TE10 mode converter with 70% bandwidth,” Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 0, no. 0, pp. 1–11, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1080/09205071.2020.1842255.
[3] S. J. Hosseini and H. Oraizi, “TEM-TE11 mode converter antenna like a pelican beak,” IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 934–942, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1049/iet-map.2020.0017.
[4] X.-Y. Wang, Y.-W. Fan, T. Shu, C. Yuan, and Q. Zhang, “A high-efficiency tunable TEM-TE11 mode converter for high-power microwave applications,” AIP Advances, vol. 7, no. 3, p. 035012, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1063/1.4978863.
[5] A. Chittora, S. Singh, A. Sharma, and J. Mukherjee, “A Novel $\rm TM01 to TE11 Mode Converter Designed With Radially Loaded Dielectric Slabs,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1170–1175, Apr. 2016, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2536031.
[6] X. Li, X.-Q. Li, Q.-X. Liu, and J.-Q. Zhang, “HIGH POWER OVER-MODE BENT WAVEGUIDES FOR CIRCULAR TM01 AND COAXIAL TEM MODE TRANSMISSION,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, vol. 60, pp. 189–196, Jan. 2017, doi: 10.2528/PIERM17080901.
[7] S. J. Hosseini, and M. Dahmardeh, “Compact smile-like mode converter antenna with high power capacity level,” Electromagnetics, pp. 1–17, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1080/02726343.2021.1903216.
[8] M. M. Honari, R. Mirzavand, S. Aslanzadeh, H. Saghlatoon, and P. Mousavi, “Wideband Printed TM01 to TE11 Mode Converters,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 35438–35448, 2019, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2904247.
[9] J. W. Li, G. J. Deng, L. T. Guo, W. H. Huang, and H. Shao, “Polarization controllable TM01-TE11 mode converter for high power microwaves,” AIP Advances, vol. 8, no. 5, p. 055230, May 2018, doi: 10.1063/1.5026962.
[10] X. Zhao, C. Yuan, L. Liu, S. Peng, H. Zhou, and D. Cai, “Solution to GW TEM-Circular Polarized TE11 Mode Converter Design for High Frequency Bands,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 432–437, Feb. 2017, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2616880.
[11] Y. Sydorenko, S. Provalov, S. Shylo, and D. Wheeler, “Compact MMW-band Planar Diffraction Type Antennas for Various Applications,” American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications, vol. 8, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.11648/j.ajea.20200801.13.
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[13] L. Yu, C. Yuan, J. He, and Q. Zhang, “Beam Steerable Array Antenna Based on Rectangular Waveguide for High-Power Microwave Applications,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 535–541, Jan. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TPS.2018.2884290.
[14] B. Bandyopadhyay, S. Chatterjee, A. Majumder, and S. Chatterjee, “Narrow Wall Slotted Planar Array Antenna by using Differential Feed at X Band,” in 2019 IEEE Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC), Dec. 2019, pp. 521–523, doi: 10.1109/APMC46564.2019.9038641.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Seyed Jalil Hosseini. (2021). Conversion Donut-Shaped Pattern to Directive Without Using Any Mode Converter. American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications, 9(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20210901.11

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    ACS Style

    Seyed Jalil Hosseini. Conversion Donut-Shaped Pattern to Directive Without Using Any Mode Converter. Am. J. Electromagn. Appl. 2021, 9(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajea.20210901.11

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    AMA Style

    Seyed Jalil Hosseini. Conversion Donut-Shaped Pattern to Directive Without Using Any Mode Converter. Am J Electromagn Appl. 2021;9(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajea.20210901.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajea.20210901.11,
      author = {Seyed Jalil Hosseini},
      title = {Conversion Donut-Shaped Pattern to Directive Without Using Any Mode Converter},
      journal = {American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications},
      volume = {9},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-6},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajea.20210901.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20210901.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajea.20210901.11},
      abstract = {In this paper, an electromagnetic diode with TEM mode, such as MILO, is connected directly to a Dual Mirrored Slotted Array Antenna (DMSAA). To convert a donut-shaped pattern of the electromagnetic source into a directive pattern, mode converters have been used in the past. But their losses, weight, size, and cost additions impact negatively on total system performance. Due to not using any mode converters, this is useful. Given the input is an electromagnetic diode with a TEM output mode, a large bandwidth is unnecessary. Therefore, slot antennas are used. Usually, array antennas were commonly used to increase the directivity and beamforming at the output of mode converters. To convert a donate-shaped pattern into a directive, half of the aperture fields must be rotated 180°. Here, the diode outlet is connected to the DMSAA with an inherent phase difference of 180° of the electric fields. For this purpose, a power divider and a pair of narrow wall slotted array antennas (NWSAA) have been used. The antenna is simulated at 10GHz frequency. The results show a fully directive beam with a side lobe level (SLL) below -10dB. Also, S11 is -16.5dB, at 10GHz frequency. Because the mode converter is completely removed, this structure is very suitable for compact applications.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Conversion Donut-Shaped Pattern to Directive Without Using Any Mode Converter
    AU  - Seyed Jalil Hosseini
    Y1  - 2021/03/30
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20210901.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajea.20210901.11
    T2  - American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications
    JF  - American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications
    JO  - American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 6
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-5984
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20210901.11
    AB  - In this paper, an electromagnetic diode with TEM mode, such as MILO, is connected directly to a Dual Mirrored Slotted Array Antenna (DMSAA). To convert a donut-shaped pattern of the electromagnetic source into a directive pattern, mode converters have been used in the past. But their losses, weight, size, and cost additions impact negatively on total system performance. Due to not using any mode converters, this is useful. Given the input is an electromagnetic diode with a TEM output mode, a large bandwidth is unnecessary. Therefore, slot antennas are used. Usually, array antennas were commonly used to increase the directivity and beamforming at the output of mode converters. To convert a donate-shaped pattern into a directive, half of the aperture fields must be rotated 180°. Here, the diode outlet is connected to the DMSAA with an inherent phase difference of 180° of the electric fields. For this purpose, a power divider and a pair of narrow wall slotted array antennas (NWSAA) have been used. The antenna is simulated at 10GHz frequency. The results show a fully directive beam with a side lobe level (SLL) below -10dB. Also, S11 is -16.5dB, at 10GHz frequency. Because the mode converter is completely removed, this structure is very suitable for compact applications.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • The School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

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