Background: Cerebral palsy is the most common physical disability in children. Epilepsy is one of the most common and important co-morbidity among patients with cerebral palsy. Epilepsy is said to occur in 15–90% of children with CP. There is a paucity of studies among these individuals to determine the risk factors predicting the development of epilepsy. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors predicting the development of epilepsy considering antenatal, natal, and postnatal characteristics associated impairments and cranial imaging findings in a patient with cerebral palsy. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Neurology at the National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2020 to December 2020. In total 150 children with cerebral palsy were enrolled in this study who were divided into two groups. In CP with epilepsy, there were 50 patients were taken as the case group, and in CP without epilepsy, there was 100 age- sex-matched patients were taken as a control group. Informed consent was taken from all the parents. Demographic features, clinical findings, functional disability, psychological assessment, computerized tomography (CT) scan, and EEG findings in epilepsy cases were collected in a predesigned questionnaire and analyzed. Results: In this study, 56.0% had age at onset of epileptic seizure less than 12 months. The total mean age at the onset of epilepsy was 13.58 ± 14.47 months. Epilepsy was most common in spastic quadriplegic CP (54%). 38.0% had focal epileptiform activity on EEG. Clinically focal epilepsy was found in 36.0%, generalized epilepsy in 32.0%, syndromic epilepsy in 28.0%, and unknown epilepsy in 4.0%. Focal epilepsy is more common in spastic hemiplegia CP. Generalized and syndromic epilepsy is a more common spastic quadriplegic CP. After logistic regression analysis, a significant positive correlation was found between the history of neonatal seizure (OR, 6.769), 1st Seizure during the 1st year of life (OR, 3.660), family history of epilepsy (OR, 16.453), CT scan abnormalities (OR, 4.045), severe intellectual disability (OR, 6.042) and spastic quadriplegic CP (OR, 6.163) with the occurrence of epilepsy in cerebral palsy cases. A statistically significant positive correlation was not found between functional severities of CP by GMFCS, MACS and moderate intellectual disability as a risk factor to develop epilepsy in CP patients. Conclusion: Cerebral palsy is associated with higher incidence of epilepsy. This study determined the presence of history of neonatal seizure, 1st Seizure during the 1st year of life, family history of epilepsy, CT scan abnormalities, severe intellectual disability and spastic quadriplegic CP were the risk factors for the development of epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy.
| Published in | American Journal of Pediatrics (Volume 9, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajp.20230903.19 |
| Page(s) | 154-163 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Cerebral Palsy, Epilepsy, Children, Risk Factors
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APA Style
Mohammad Mohsin, Farjana Yesmin Khan, Razia Sultana, Ahmed Hosain, Nusrat Shams, et al. (2023). Risk Factors for the Development of Epilepsy Among Children with Cerebral Palsy. American Journal of Pediatrics, 9(3), 154-163. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20230903.19
ACS Style
Mohammad Mohsin; Farjana Yesmin Khan; Razia Sultana; Ahmed Hosain; Nusrat Shams, et al. Risk Factors for the Development of Epilepsy Among Children with Cerebral Palsy. Am. J. Pediatr. 2023, 9(3), 154-163. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20230903.19
AMA Style
Mohammad Mohsin, Farjana Yesmin Khan, Razia Sultana, Ahmed Hosain, Nusrat Shams, et al. Risk Factors for the Development of Epilepsy Among Children with Cerebral Palsy. Am J Pediatr. 2023;9(3):154-163. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20230903.19
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ajp.20230903.19,
author = {Mohammad Mohsin and Farjana Yesmin Khan and Razia Sultana and Ahmed Hosain and Nusrat Shams and Seikh Azimul Hoque},
title = {Risk Factors for the Development of Epilepsy Among Children with Cerebral Palsy},
journal = {American Journal of Pediatrics},
volume = {9},
number = {3},
pages = {154-163},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajp.20230903.19},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20230903.19},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajp.20230903.19},
abstract = {Background: Cerebral palsy is the most common physical disability in children. Epilepsy is one of the most common and important co-morbidity among patients with cerebral palsy. Epilepsy is said to occur in 15–90% of children with CP. There is a paucity of studies among these individuals to determine the risk factors predicting the development of epilepsy. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors predicting the development of epilepsy considering antenatal, natal, and postnatal characteristics associated impairments and cranial imaging findings in a patient with cerebral palsy. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Neurology at the National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2020 to December 2020. In total 150 children with cerebral palsy were enrolled in this study who were divided into two groups. In CP with epilepsy, there were 50 patients were taken as the case group, and in CP without epilepsy, there was 100 age- sex-matched patients were taken as a control group. Informed consent was taken from all the parents. Demographic features, clinical findings, functional disability, psychological assessment, computerized tomography (CT) scan, and EEG findings in epilepsy cases were collected in a predesigned questionnaire and analyzed. Results: In this study, 56.0% had age at onset of epileptic seizure less than 12 months. The total mean age at the onset of epilepsy was 13.58 ± 14.47 months. Epilepsy was most common in spastic quadriplegic CP (54%). 38.0% had focal epileptiform activity on EEG. Clinically focal epilepsy was found in 36.0%, generalized epilepsy in 32.0%, syndromic epilepsy in 28.0%, and unknown epilepsy in 4.0%. Focal epilepsy is more common in spastic hemiplegia CP. Generalized and syndromic epilepsy is a more common spastic quadriplegic CP. After logistic regression analysis, a significant positive correlation was found between the history of neonatal seizure (OR, 6.769), 1st Seizure during the 1st year of life (OR, 3.660), family history of epilepsy (OR, 16.453), CT scan abnormalities (OR, 4.045), severe intellectual disability (OR, 6.042) and spastic quadriplegic CP (OR, 6.163) with the occurrence of epilepsy in cerebral palsy cases. A statistically significant positive correlation was not found between functional severities of CP by GMFCS, MACS and moderate intellectual disability as a risk factor to develop epilepsy in CP patients. Conclusion: Cerebral palsy is associated with higher incidence of epilepsy. This study determined the presence of history of neonatal seizure, 1st Seizure during the 1st year of life, family history of epilepsy, CT scan abnormalities, severe intellectual disability and spastic quadriplegic CP were the risk factors for the development of epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy.},
year = {2023}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Risk Factors for the Development of Epilepsy Among Children with Cerebral Palsy AU - Mohammad Mohsin AU - Farjana Yesmin Khan AU - Razia Sultana AU - Ahmed Hosain AU - Nusrat Shams AU - Seikh Azimul Hoque Y1 - 2023/08/22 PY - 2023 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20230903.19 DO - 10.11648/j.ajp.20230903.19 T2 - American Journal of Pediatrics JF - American Journal of Pediatrics JO - American Journal of Pediatrics SP - 154 EP - 163 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2472-0909 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20230903.19 AB - Background: Cerebral palsy is the most common physical disability in children. Epilepsy is one of the most common and important co-morbidity among patients with cerebral palsy. Epilepsy is said to occur in 15–90% of children with CP. There is a paucity of studies among these individuals to determine the risk factors predicting the development of epilepsy. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors predicting the development of epilepsy considering antenatal, natal, and postnatal characteristics associated impairments and cranial imaging findings in a patient with cerebral palsy. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Neurology at the National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2020 to December 2020. In total 150 children with cerebral palsy were enrolled in this study who were divided into two groups. In CP with epilepsy, there were 50 patients were taken as the case group, and in CP without epilepsy, there was 100 age- sex-matched patients were taken as a control group. Informed consent was taken from all the parents. Demographic features, clinical findings, functional disability, psychological assessment, computerized tomography (CT) scan, and EEG findings in epilepsy cases were collected in a predesigned questionnaire and analyzed. Results: In this study, 56.0% had age at onset of epileptic seizure less than 12 months. The total mean age at the onset of epilepsy was 13.58 ± 14.47 months. Epilepsy was most common in spastic quadriplegic CP (54%). 38.0% had focal epileptiform activity on EEG. Clinically focal epilepsy was found in 36.0%, generalized epilepsy in 32.0%, syndromic epilepsy in 28.0%, and unknown epilepsy in 4.0%. Focal epilepsy is more common in spastic hemiplegia CP. Generalized and syndromic epilepsy is a more common spastic quadriplegic CP. After logistic regression analysis, a significant positive correlation was found between the history of neonatal seizure (OR, 6.769), 1st Seizure during the 1st year of life (OR, 3.660), family history of epilepsy (OR, 16.453), CT scan abnormalities (OR, 4.045), severe intellectual disability (OR, 6.042) and spastic quadriplegic CP (OR, 6.163) with the occurrence of epilepsy in cerebral palsy cases. A statistically significant positive correlation was not found between functional severities of CP by GMFCS, MACS and moderate intellectual disability as a risk factor to develop epilepsy in CP patients. Conclusion: Cerebral palsy is associated with higher incidence of epilepsy. This study determined the presence of history of neonatal seizure, 1st Seizure during the 1st year of life, family history of epilepsy, CT scan abnormalities, severe intellectual disability and spastic quadriplegic CP were the risk factors for the development of epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy. VL - 9 IS - 3 ER -
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