This review paper is aimed to focus on feed resources with more emphasis on use of cassava and sweet potato meal in Chicken diet in Ethiopia. Poultry production has significant socioeconomic roles in developing countries like Ethiopia. Households keep chickens for home consumption, selling and breeding purposes and other purposes such as social and cultural purposes. The chicken farming in Ethiopia is predominantly backyard type of farming system and it is generally disadvantaged since the poor management. According to different research results, the commonly available sources of feeds for chickens includes cereal crops and their aftermaths and household waste products or left overs. Roots and tuber crops can be incorporated in different substitution levels in chickens’ diet. Sweet potato and cassava are among the root and tuber crops and can be incorporated in chickens’ diet. Substitution of sweet potato in broilers diet enhances feed consumption, growth performance and edible meat characteristics of chickens. Accordingly, addition of sweet potato meal in the ration of chicken causes no any impact on edible meat quality and it may possibly substitute up to 50% maize in broiler finisher ration without detrimentally upsetting production performance of chickens. Besides, the tuber meal of sweet potato can also be incorporated up to 25% in layers ration causing no damaging result on the performance of layer chickens. The tuber of cassava will be cut up and dried up, and milled or pelletized and incorporated in chickens’ diet and it can also be included in broilers diet and capable of substituting 50% maize in broilers ration with no adverse effect on their performances and addition of 40% cassava flour or addition of 20% cassava peel meal in layer’s ration is pleasing for laying performance of chickens.
| Published in | Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.avs.20210902.11 |
| Page(s) | 32-38 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Cassava, Chicken, Ethiopia, Feed Resources, Sweet Potato
| [1] | Adunga Tolera. 2009. Livestock feed supply situation in Ethiopia. In: Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference of the Ethiopian Society of Animal Production (ESAP) on Commercialization of Livestock Agriculture, Addis Ababa, Part I, Ethiopia; p. 21–38. |
| [2] | Afolayan S. B., Dafwang I. I., Tegbe T. S. B, and Sekoni A. 2012. Response of Broiler Chickens fed on maize based diets substituted with graded level sweet potato meal. Asian Journal of Poultry Science, SSN, 1819-3609/DOI:10.3923/ajpsaj.2012. |
| [3] | Agwunobi LN. 1999. Performance of broiler chickens fed sweet potato meal (Ipomea batatas L.) diets. Trop Anim Health Prod.; 31: 383–9. |
| [4] | Ahmad, S., Mehmood, S., Javed, K., Mahmud, A., Usman, M., Rehman, A., Ishaq, H. M., Hussain, J. and Ghayas, A., 2018. Different Selection Strategies for the Improvement of the Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Japanese Quails. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 20 (3), pp. 497-506. |
| [5] | Alemu Yami, 1995. Poultry Production in Ethiopia. Journal of World Poultry Science, 51: 197-201. |
| [6] | Alders R 2004. Poultry for profit and pleasure. FAO diversification Booklet 3. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organizations of the United Nations), Rome, Italy. |
| [7] | Akinola LAF, Oruwari BM. 2007. Response of laying hens total dietary replacement of maize with cassava. Nig. J. Anim prod. 34: 2: 196-202. |
| [8] | Aregheore, E. M., 2000. Chemical composition and nutritive value of some tropical by-product feedstuffs for small ruminants - in vivo and in vitro digestibility. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 85 (1-2): 99-109. |
| [9] | Ayuk E A, 2004: Effects of sweet potato meal on the growth rate of broilers. Livestock Research for Rural Development. Vol. 16, Art. #73. Retrieved on November 2, 2020, from http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd16/9/ayuk16073.htm |
| [10] | Ayuk, E. A., and A. Essien. 2009. Growth and haematological re-sponse of broiler chicks fed graded levels of sweet potato (Ipo-moea batata) meal as replacement for maize. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 8: 485–488. |
| [11] | Azage Tegegne, Hussen K, and Kurtu MY. 2008. Traditional cow and camel milk production and marketing in agro-pastoral and mixed crop-livestock systems: The case of Mieso district, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia. Project working paper 13, Nairobi, Kenya: Improving Productivity and Market Success (IPMS) of Ethiopian Farmers; 2008. p. 1–58. |
| [12] | Basak, B., Pramanik, M. A. H, Rahman, M. S., Tarafdar, S. U. and Roy, B. C., 2002. Azolla (Azolla pinnata) as a feed ingredient in broiler ration. Int. J. Poultry Sci, 1 (1), pp. 29-34. |
| [13] | Beckford, R. C., Bartlett, J. R., 2015. Inclusion levels of sweet potato root meal in the diet of broilers I. Effect on performance, organ weights, and carcass quality. Poult. Sci. 94, 1316–1322. |
| [14] | Bekele B. 2016. Assessment of Locally Available Poultry Feeds, Feeding Practices and Health in Sidama Zone and Halaba Special Woreda in SNNPR. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare. Vol. 6, No. 7, 2016. |
| [15] | Bergsma, N. J., Fischer, A. R., Van Asselt, E. D., Zwietering, M. H. and De Jong, A. E., 2007. Consumer food preparation and its implication for survival of Campylobacter jejuni on chicken. British Food Journal, 109 (7), pp. 548-561. |
| [16] | Bhuiyan MM, and Iji PA. 2015. Energy Value of Cassava Products in Broiler Chicken Diets with or without Enzyme Supplementation. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2015; 28 (9): 1317-1326. |
| [17] | Boscolo, W. R.; Hayashi, C.; Meurer, F., 2002. Apparent digestibility of the energy and nutrients of conventional and alternative foods for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Rev. Bras. Zootec., 31 (2): 539-545. |
| [18] | Boufennara, Lopez, S., Bousseboua, H., Bodas, R. and Bouazza, L. 2012. Chemical composition and digestibility of some browse plant species collected from Algerian arid rangelands. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 2012. 10 (1): 88-98. |
| [19] | Collins, W. W., 1997. Root Vegetables: New Uses for Old Crops, p. 533-537. In: J. Janick and J. E. Simon (eds.), New crops. Wiley, New York. |
| [20] | Dessie T and Ogle B. 2001. Village poultry production systems in the central highlands of Ethiopia. Trop Anim Health Prod. Dec; 33 (6): 521-37. |
| [21] | Dessie, T., W. Esatu, L. V. Waaij, F. Zegeye, S. Gizaw, O. Mwai and J. van Arendonk, 2013. Village chicken production in the central and western highlands of Ethiopia: Characteristics and strategies for improvement. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute. |
| [22] | Dwinger, R. H, Bell, J. G. and Permin, A. 2003. A program to improve family poultry production in Africa. B. P. 6268, Rabat-Institutes, Morocco. |
| [23] | Ecocrop, 2011. Ecocrop database. FAO. |
| [24] | Edache JA, Musa U, Karsin PD, Esilonu DO, Yisa A, Okpala EJ, Zwander NJ. 2007. The feeding value of cassava meal diets for growing Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Nig. J. Anim prod.; 34 (1) 77-82. |
| [25] | Edache JA, Musa U, Ehizokale MUM, Esilonu JO, Okpala EJ, Karsin PD, Yisa A, Zwandor NJ. 2009. Replacement value of sweet potato (lpomea Batatas) meal for maize in practical diets fed to quail (Cotumix cotumix japonica) chicks. Nig J. Anim Prod.; 36: 11: 34-40. |
| [26] | ESAP (Ethiopian Society of Animal Production), 2008. Commercalization of livestock agriculture in Ethiopia. Tedelle Dessie (Eds). Proceedings of the 16th annual conference of the Etiopian Society of Animal Production (ESAP) held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, October 8 to 10, 2008. Part I plenary session. ESAP, Addis Ababa, 329p. |
| [27] | Etalem T, Getachew A, Mengistu U and Tadelle D. 2013. Nutritional Value of Cassava Root Chips and Moringa Oleifera Leaf Meal in Broiler And Layer Rations. PhD Dissertation. |
| [28] | FAO, 2011. FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. |
| [29] | Gardner K. 2019. The Difference between Tubers & Root Crops https://www.gardenguides.com/13407021-the-difference-between-tubers-root-crops.html accessed on August, 2020. |
| [30] | Getachew T, Kebede E, Ameha N, and T. Terefe A. 2015. Village Chicken Husbandry Practice, Marketing and Constraints in Eastern Ethiopia. J. World's Poult. Res. 5 (4): 104-108. |
| [31] | Gezahegn Ayele and M. R. Karl, 2010. Poultry value chains and HPAI (Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza) in Ethiopia. Africa/Indonesia TeamWorking Paper 25. Pp. 9-13. |
| [32] | Gupta, J. J., Bardoloi, R. K.; Reddy, P. B.; Anubrata Das, 2009. Performance of crossbred pigs fed on raw and boiled sweet potato tuber at various levels at different stages of growth. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 79 (7): 696-699. |
| [33] | Hahn, S. K.; Reynolds, L.; Egbunike, G. N., 1992. Cassava as livestock feed in Africa. Proc. IITA/ILCA/Univ. of Ibadan Workshop on the Potential Utilization of Cassava as Livestock Feed in Africa, 14-18 November 1988, Ibadan, Nigeria. |
| [34] | Mogesse, H. H., 2007. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of indigenous chicken populations in Northwest Ethiopia (Doctoral dissertation, University of the Free State). |
| [35] | Halima, H., W. C. Nasser, D. Tadelle, A. De Kock and E. Van Marle-Koster, 2007. Village-based indigenous chicken production system in north-west Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health Production, 39: 189-197. |
| [36] | Henn, J. D., Bockor, L., Ribeiro, A. M. L., Coldebella, A. and Kessler, A. D. M., 2014. Growth and deposition of body components of intermediate and high performance broilers. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 16 (3), pp. 319-328. |
| [37] | Iji PA, Bhuiyan MM, Chauynarong N, Barekatain MR, Widodo AP. 2011. Improving the nutritive value of alternative feed ingredients for poultry. Proceedings of the Recent Advanced in Animal Nutrition; Australia. pp. 115–122. |
| [38] | Kibreab, Y.; Kassa, T.; Zelalem, A., 2015. Feed and feeding practice of village chicken at Kafa and Bench Maji Zone, South West Ethiopia. Europ. J. Biol. Sci., 7 (4): 203-208. |
| [39] | Kuiper, L.; Ekmecki, B.; Hamelink, C.; Hettinga, W.; Meyer, S.; Koop, K., 2007. Bio-ethanol from cassava. Project number: PBIONL062937. Ecofys Netherlands BV, Utrecht. |
| [40] | Kondombo SR. 2005. Improvement of village chicken production in a mixed (chicken-ram) farming system in Burikina Faso. PhD thesis submitted to Wageningen University, The Netherlands 208. |
| [41] | Lebot, V., 2009. Tropical root and tuber crops: cassava, sweet potato, yams and aroids. Crop production science in horticulture (17), CAB books, CABI, Wallingford, UK. |
| [42] | Maphosa T, Gunduza K T, Kusina J and Mutungamiri A 2003: Evaluation of sweet potato tuber (Ipomea batatas l.) as a feed ingredient in broiler chicken diets. Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 15, Article #3. Retrieved August 26, 2020, from http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd15/1/maph151.htm |
| [43] | Mehari K. 2016. Poultry production systems and its feed resources in Ethiopia: a research review. Sci. J. Ani. Sci., 5 (2): 220-227. |
| [44] | Mekonnen G/egziabher, 2007. Characterization of the small holder poultry production and marketing system of dale, Wonsho and Loka abaya Wered as of SNNPRS. |
| [45] | Melesse A, Alemu T, Banerjee S and Berihun K. 2017. The effect of the partial substitution of roasted soybean seed with graded levels of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaf meal on growth performances and carcass components of broiler chickens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. |
| [46] | Melesse A, Masebo M, Abebe A. 2018. The Substitution Effect of Noug Seed (Guizotia Abyssinica) Cake with Cassava Leaf (Manihot Escutulata C.) Meal on Feed Intake, Growth Performance, and Carcass Traits in Broiler Chickens. Journal of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science Volume 2, Issue 2, 2018, PP 1-9. |
| [47] | Moges, F., Tegegne, A. and Dessie, T. 2010. Indigenous chicken production and marketing systems in Ethiopia: Characteristics and opportunities for market-oriented development. IPMS (Improving Productivity and Market Success) of Ethiopian Farmers Project Working Paper 24. Nairobi, Kenya: ILRI. Retrived on October 28, 2020 from https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/2685 |
| [48] | Moges, T., Mellesse, A., Dessie, T. 2010. Assessment of village chicken production system and evaluation of the productive and reproductive performance of local chicken ecotype in Bure district, North west Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research 5 (13): 1739-1748. |
| [49] | Mosebework Kassa, Tegene Negesse, Ajebu Nurfeta. 2018. Effect of Replacing Maize (Zea Mays L.) with Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato Tuber (Ipomoea Batatas) on Performance of Cobb 500 Broiler Chickens. Agri Res & Tech: Open Access J. 2018; 13 (5): 555895. DOI: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2018.13.555895. |
| [50] | Mozafari O, Ghazi S, Moeini MM. 2013. The effects of differen levels of edible potat (Solanumtubresum) replacing maize on performance, serum metabolite and immune system of broiler chicks. Iran J. Anim. Sci.; 3 (3): 583–8. |
| [51] | Nigussie D, Van der Waaij LH, Dessie T, Van Arendonk JAM. 2010. Production objectives and Trait preferences of village poultry producers of Ethiopia: implications for designing breeding schemes utilizing indigenous chicken genetic resources. Trop. Anim. Health Prod.; 42: 1519-529. |
| [52] | Nwokoro SO, Orheruata AM, Paul IO. 2000. Replacement of maize with cassava sievates in cockerel starter diets; some blood metabolic. Poceeding of 25th Annual conference with NSAP. p. 234-6. |
| [53] | Okereke CO, Oti E, Nwauzor EC. 2009. Effect of dietary inclusion of orange-fleshed sweet potato meal on egg quality of laying hens. Proceedings of 14th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN). p. 382-4. |
| [54] | Okereke CO, Ukachukwu SN. 2005. Effect Of Dietary Inclusion Of Composite Cassava Meal On Egg Production Charateristics Of Laying Hens. Student Thesis, Micheal Okpara University. Deparament of Non Ruminant Animal Nutrution And Biochemistry; 1-38. |
| [55] | Olugbemi T S, M utayoba S K and Lekule F P. 2010. “Effect of M oringa (Moringa oleifera) inclusion in cassava based diets fed to broiler chickens” International Journal of Poultry Science 9: 363 – 367. |
| [56] | Onwujiariri EB, Onyekwere MU, Okoronkwu MO, Okechukwu S. 2000. Evaluation of wet maize milling waste and cassava root sievaite as a replacement for maize in broiler finisher diets. Proc 42nd Annual Conference, Agricultural Society of Nigeria (ASA). October 19th-23rd 2008 Ebonyi State University Abakilike Nigeria. p. 669-71. |
| [57] | Onyekwere MU, Iheukwumere FC, Onwujiariri EB, Okechukwu SO. 2008. Effect of sweet potato (lpomea Batatas) Root meal on the growth response and haematological value on broiler starter. Proc 42nd Annual conf Agricultural Society of Nigeria (ASN). October 19th-23rd 2008 Ebonyi State University Abakalike Nigeria. p. 601-3. |
| [58] | Panda K, Zaidi PH, Rama rao SV, Raju MV. 2014. Efficacy of quality protein maize in meeting energy and essential amino acid requirements in broiler chicken production. J Appl Anim Res. 42 (2): 133–9. |
| [59] | Samson Leta and Endalew Bekana, 2010. Survey on Village Based Chicken Production and Utilization System in Mid Rift Valley of Oromia, Ethiopia. Global Veterinaria, 5 (4): 198- 203. |
| [60] | Schonfeldt, H. C. and Hall, N., 2013. “Fish, chicken, lean meat and eggs can be eaten daily”: a food-based dietary guideline for South Africa. South African journal of clinical nutrition, 26 (3), pp. s66-s76. |
| [61] | Scott, G; Best, R; Rosegrant, M. W. and Bokanga, M, 2000. Roots and Tubers in the Global Food System -A vision statement to the year 2020. CIAT-CIP-IFPRI-IITA - IPGRI- CIP. 45. |
| [62] | Sebho, H. K., 2016. Exotic chicken status, production performance and constraints in Ethiopia: a review. Asian Journal of poultry science, 10, pp. 30-39. |
| [63] | Shoremin OIA, and Job TA. 2000. Utilization of dried sweet potato (lpomea batatas) in laying pullet diet. Proceeding of 25th Annual Conference with NSAP. |
| [64] | Solomon D. 2004. Growth Performance of Local and White Leghorn Chicken under Intensive Management System. J Sci 27: 161-164. |
| [65] | Solomon D. 2007. Suitability of hay-box brooding technology to rural household poultry production system. Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma, Ethiopia. |
| [66] | Solomon Zewdu, Binyam Kassa, Bilatu Agza, Ferede Alemu. 2013. Village chicken production systems in Metekel zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Wudpecker Journal of Agricultural Research ISSN 2315-7259. 2 (9): 256-262. Retrived on October, 28, 2020 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258860407_Village_chicken_production_systems_in_Metekel_zone_Northwest_Ethiopia |
| [67] | Sultana F, Khatun MF, Ali MA. 2011. Effect of dietary cassava tuber meal on egg production and egg quality of laying hen. Int J BioRes. 2: 1–4. |
| [68] | Sultan F, Ali MA, Jahan I. 2012. Growth performance meat yield and profitability of broiler chickens fed diets incorporating cassava tuber meal. J Environ Sci Nat Resour. 5 (1): 47–53. |
| [69] | Tadelle, D., T. Million, Alemu Yami and K. J. Peters, 2003. Village chicken production systems in Ethiopia: Use patterns & performance valuation and chicken products & socioeconomic functions of chicken. Livestock Research for Rural Development 15 (1). |
| [70] | Tadelle D, and Peter KJ. 2003. Indigenous chicken in Ethiopia: neglected but worth the cost of conservation through improved utilization. Humboldt University of Berlin. |
| [71] | Tekalegn Y., Etalem T., and Getnet A., 2017. Poultry feed resources and coping mechanisms of challenges in Sidama zone, southern Ethiopia. |
| [72] | Tion MA, anad Adeka I. 2000. The evaluation of cassava root meal as a replacement for maize in broiler diet. Book of proceeding, 25th Annual NSAP Conf. 113-6. |
| [73] | Tsega W and Tamir B. 2009: The effect of increasing levels of dried leaves of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) on dry matter intake and body weight gain performance of broiler finisher chickens. Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 21, Article #208. |
| [74] | Tewe O O and Bokanga M. 2001. Research highlights cassava utilization. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2001. |
| [75] | Wondu Mamo, Mehiret Melaku, and Berhan Tamir 2013. Characterization of Urban Poultry Production System in Northern Gondar, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America. |
| [76] | Yenesew, A., Agraw, A., Yihenew, G., and Dessalegn, M. 2015. Poultry Production Manual. Bahir Dar University Capacity Building for Scaling up of Evidence Best Practices in Agricultural Production in Ethiopia (BDUCASCAPE) Working Paper 14, p: 17. |
APA Style
Tagesse Tadesse. (2021). Review on Feed Resources with More Emphasis on Use of Cassava and Sweet Potato Meal in Chicken Diet: Ethiopia. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 9(2), 32-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20210902.11
ACS Style
Tagesse Tadesse. Review on Feed Resources with More Emphasis on Use of Cassava and Sweet Potato Meal in Chicken Diet: Ethiopia. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2021, 9(2), 32-38. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20210902.11
AMA Style
Tagesse Tadesse. Review on Feed Resources with More Emphasis on Use of Cassava and Sweet Potato Meal in Chicken Diet: Ethiopia. Anim Vet Sci. 2021;9(2):32-38. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20210902.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.avs.20210902.11,
author = {Tagesse Tadesse},
title = {Review on Feed Resources with More Emphasis on Use of Cassava and Sweet Potato Meal in Chicken Diet: Ethiopia},
journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {32-38},
doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20210902.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20210902.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20210902.11},
abstract = {This review paper is aimed to focus on feed resources with more emphasis on use of cassava and sweet potato meal in Chicken diet in Ethiopia. Poultry production has significant socioeconomic roles in developing countries like Ethiopia. Households keep chickens for home consumption, selling and breeding purposes and other purposes such as social and cultural purposes. The chicken farming in Ethiopia is predominantly backyard type of farming system and it is generally disadvantaged since the poor management. According to different research results, the commonly available sources of feeds for chickens includes cereal crops and their aftermaths and household waste products or left overs. Roots and tuber crops can be incorporated in different substitution levels in chickens’ diet. Sweet potato and cassava are among the root and tuber crops and can be incorporated in chickens’ diet. Substitution of sweet potato in broilers diet enhances feed consumption, growth performance and edible meat characteristics of chickens. Accordingly, addition of sweet potato meal in the ration of chicken causes no any impact on edible meat quality and it may possibly substitute up to 50% maize in broiler finisher ration without detrimentally upsetting production performance of chickens. Besides, the tuber meal of sweet potato can also be incorporated up to 25% in layers ration causing no damaging result on the performance of layer chickens. The tuber of cassava will be cut up and dried up, and milled or pelletized and incorporated in chickens’ diet and it can also be included in broilers diet and capable of substituting 50% maize in broilers ration with no adverse effect on their performances and addition of 40% cassava flour or addition of 20% cassava peel meal in layer’s ration is pleasing for laying performance of chickens.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Review on Feed Resources with More Emphasis on Use of Cassava and Sweet Potato Meal in Chicken Diet: Ethiopia AU - Tagesse Tadesse Y1 - 2021/03/30 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20210902.11 DO - 10.11648/j.avs.20210902.11 T2 - Animal and Veterinary Sciences JF - Animal and Veterinary Sciences JO - Animal and Veterinary Sciences SP - 32 EP - 38 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5850 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20210902.11 AB - This review paper is aimed to focus on feed resources with more emphasis on use of cassava and sweet potato meal in Chicken diet in Ethiopia. Poultry production has significant socioeconomic roles in developing countries like Ethiopia. Households keep chickens for home consumption, selling and breeding purposes and other purposes such as social and cultural purposes. The chicken farming in Ethiopia is predominantly backyard type of farming system and it is generally disadvantaged since the poor management. According to different research results, the commonly available sources of feeds for chickens includes cereal crops and their aftermaths and household waste products or left overs. Roots and tuber crops can be incorporated in different substitution levels in chickens’ diet. Sweet potato and cassava are among the root and tuber crops and can be incorporated in chickens’ diet. Substitution of sweet potato in broilers diet enhances feed consumption, growth performance and edible meat characteristics of chickens. Accordingly, addition of sweet potato meal in the ration of chicken causes no any impact on edible meat quality and it may possibly substitute up to 50% maize in broiler finisher ration without detrimentally upsetting production performance of chickens. Besides, the tuber meal of sweet potato can also be incorporated up to 25% in layers ration causing no damaging result on the performance of layer chickens. The tuber of cassava will be cut up and dried up, and milled or pelletized and incorporated in chickens’ diet and it can also be included in broilers diet and capable of substituting 50% maize in broilers ration with no adverse effect on their performances and addition of 40% cassava flour or addition of 20% cassava peel meal in layer’s ration is pleasing for laying performance of chickens. VL - 9 IS - 2 ER -
Information
Email: