@article{10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13,
  author = {Adnan Yousaf and Dad Muhammad Anwar and Mehtab Ahmed and Imran Qaiser and Rasheed Ahmed Rabbani and Ajeet Sing Berjang and Lookesh Kumar and Faiza Habib},
  title = {Diagnosis and Control of Peste Des Petits (PPR) in Small Ruminants: A Comprehensive Review

	
},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {5},
  pages = {111-127},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20231105.13},
  abstract = {PPR (Peste des petits ruminants) is a highly infectious serious infection that affects a lot of sheep and goats. In nations like Pakistan, where small ruminant products are crucial for long-term livelihoods, the infection has a significant economic impact. Goats are known to be more sensitive to the sickness than other animals. It's a highly contagious illness that affects tiny ruminants and has a high morbidity and fatality rate. The timing of infection, the spread of the virus, and the early identification of the disease all need to be better understood. Disease has an almost universal geographic spread. The PPRV is a virus that affects both domestic and wild ruminants. In Pakistan, PPR is diagnosed mostly by postmortem examination of clinical symptoms and lesions. Conjunctivitis and rhinotracheitis, stomatitis, gastroenteritis, and pneumonia are all caused by PPRV, a lymphotropic and epitheliotropic virus. Pathognomonic symptoms include necrotizing tonsils, fibrinohemorrhagic enteritis, proliferative interstitial pneumonia, supportiv bronchointerstitial pneumonia, multinucleated giant cells [syncytia], and cytoplasmic and/or nuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies. The acute type, which is identical to rinderpest, is most commonly found in goats. A severe respiratory condition is a common symptom of PPR. The subacute type is more common in sheep, although it can also happen in goats. Immunization, isolation, transportation restriction, and hygienic slaughter and disinfection are all part of the control and preventive programme. Moreover, in addition to the issue of resistance to antibiotics, further research into antibiotics resistance and the development of new antibiotics can aid in enhanced therapeutic intervention. Reviewing existing preventative approaches and focusing on creating new strain-based or recombinant vaccines that target specific antigens is the most effective strategy to treat the illness internationally (capsular or cellular).
},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Diagnosis and Control of Peste Des Petits (PPR) in Small Ruminants: A Comprehensive Review

	

AU  - Adnan Yousaf
AU  - Dad Muhammad Anwar
AU  - Mehtab Ahmed
AU  - Imran Qaiser
AU  - Rasheed Ahmed Rabbani
AU  - Ajeet Sing Berjang
AU  - Lookesh Kumar
AU  - Faiza Habib
Y1  - 2023/10/28
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 111
EP  - 127
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231105.13
AB  - PPR (Peste des petits ruminants) is a highly infectious serious infection that affects a lot of sheep and goats. In nations like Pakistan, where small ruminant products are crucial for long-term livelihoods, the infection has a significant economic impact. Goats are known to be more sensitive to the sickness than other animals. It's a highly contagious illness that affects tiny ruminants and has a high morbidity and fatality rate. The timing of infection, the spread of the virus, and the early identification of the disease all need to be better understood. Disease has an almost universal geographic spread. The PPRV is a virus that affects both domestic and wild ruminants. In Pakistan, PPR is diagnosed mostly by postmortem examination of clinical symptoms and lesions. Conjunctivitis and rhinotracheitis, stomatitis, gastroenteritis, and pneumonia are all caused by PPRV, a lymphotropic and epitheliotropic virus. Pathognomonic symptoms include necrotizing tonsils, fibrinohemorrhagic enteritis, proliferative interstitial pneumonia, supportiv bronchointerstitial pneumonia, multinucleated giant cells [syncytia], and cytoplasmic and/or nuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies. The acute type, which is identical to rinderpest, is most commonly found in goats. A severe respiratory condition is a common symptom of PPR. The subacute type is more common in sheep, although it can also happen in goats. Immunization, isolation, transportation restriction, and hygienic slaughter and disinfection are all part of the control and preventive programme. Moreover, in addition to the issue of resistance to antibiotics, further research into antibiotics resistance and the development of new antibiotics can aid in enhanced therapeutic intervention. Reviewing existing preventative approaches and focusing on creating new strain-based or recombinant vaccines that target specific antigens is the most effective strategy to treat the illness internationally (capsular or cellular).

VL  - 11
IS  - 5
ER  - 

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