A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Chenjun Zhang; Jiahong Xu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11

| Peer-Reviewed

A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Chenjun Zhang, Jiahong Xu

Published in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research (Volume 6, Issue 3)

Received: 16 April 2022 Accepted: 27 September 2022 Published: 11 October 2022

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) has anatomic characters of prominent left ventricular trabeculation and deep recesses and relatively thiner compacted layer which can lead to structurally and functionally abnormal of heart muscle. Its pathogenesis predominantly be primary cardiomyopathy and also can be results of drug toxicity or response to acquired triggers. Our case is a 27 years old man who had appeared symptoms including dyspnea and palpitation caused by exertion about ten years and been found with atrial septal defect but had not performed intervention. Then he was admitted because of aggravation of symptoms and been diagnosed left ventricular non compaction after finished echocardiography. Afterwards because of symptomatic bradycardia he had pacemaker implantation, but three months later he died of decompensated acute heart failure. LVNC has variable clinical manifestations including heart failure, thromboembolic events, ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure and the diagnosis of LVNC depends on echocardiography and Cardiac magnetic resonance mainly. Its mortality and morbidity are high and its classification as a specific cardiomyopathy be more appropriate. Therapy of end stage myocardial failure dependes on heart transplantation. Implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRTD) is the key method to prevent from sudden death. Risk stratification includes heart failure therapy, oral anticoagulation, heart transplantation and implantation of an automated defibrillator/cardioverter.

Published in	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11
Page(s)	81-85
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Left Ventricular Non-compaction, Arrhythmia, Myocardial Trabeculation

References

[1]	Richardson P, McKenna W, Bristow M, et al. Report of the 1995 World Health Organization /International Society and Federation of Cardiology Task Force on the definition and classification of cardio-myopathies. Circulation 1996; 93: 841–2.
[2]	Arbustini E, et al. Left Ventricular Noncompaction: A Distinct Genetic Cardiomyopathy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 689 (2016): 949–966.
[3]	Maron BJ, et al. Contemporary Definitions and Classifications of the Cardiomyopathies: an American Heart Association Scientific Statement from the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Heart Failure, and Transplantation Committee; Quality of Care Outcomes Research and Functional Genomics and Translational Biology Interdisciplinary Working Groups; and Council. on Epidemiology and Prevention. Circulation 11314 (2006): 1807–1816.
[4]	Tamborini G, et al. “Incidence and Characteristics of Left Ventricular False Tendons and Trabeculations in the Normal and Pathologic Heart by Second Harmonic Echocardiography”. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography 174 (2004): 367-374.
[5]	Arbustini E, et al. “Left Ventricular Noncompaction: A Distinct Cardiomyopathy or a Trait Shared by Different Cardiac Diseases?” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 6417 (2014): 1840–1850.
[6]	Weir-McCall JR., et al. “Left Ventricular Noncompaction: Anatomical Phenotype or Distinct Cardiomyopathy”. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 6820 (2016): 2157–2165.
[7]	Kayvanpour E, et al. “Clinical and Genetic Insights into Non-compaction: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review on 7598 Individuals”. Clinical Research in Cardiology (2019).
[8]	Oechslin EN, Attenhofer Jost CH, Rojas JR et al. Long-term follow-up of 34 adults with isolated left ventricular noncompaction: a distinct cardiomyopathy with poor prognosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000; 36: 493–500.
[9]	Floria M, et al. “Left Ventricular Non-compaction - Challenges and Controversies”. Maedica (Buchar) 93 (2014): 282–288.
[10]	Udeoji DU, et al. “Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy: Updated Review”. Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease 75 (2013): 260–273.
[11]	Mavrogeni SI., et al. “Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes and the Value of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance”. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 487 (2018): e12955.
[12]	Akhbour S, et al. “Electrocardiographic Findings in Correlation to Magnetic Resonance Imaging Patterns in African Patients with Isolated Ventricular Noncompaction”. The Anatolian Journal of Cardiology 157 (2015): 550–555.
[13]	Miyake CY and Kim JJ. “Arrhythmias in Left Ventricular Noncompaction”. Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics 72 (2015): 319–330.
[14]	Takahashi N, et al. “Clinical Usefulness of Gated Technetium-99m Sestamibi Myocardial Perfusion Single-photon Emission Computed Tomography with Phases Analysis for the Management of Patients with Isolated Ventricular Non-compaction”. Journal of Cardiology Cases 114 (2014): 101–104.
[15]	Marwa Elnazeir, Lisa Nobel, Siddharth Narayanan et al. Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy as a Potential Cause of Bilateral Posterior Cerebral Artery Stroke - a Rare and Unique Clinical Occurrence. Am J Case Rep, 2021, June 22, e931103.
[16]	Agmon Y, Connolly HM, Olson LJ, et al. Noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium. J Am Soc Echocardiogram. 1999; 12: 859 – 863.
[17]	Zambrano E, Marshalko SJ, Jaffe CC, et al. Isolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium: clinical and molecular aspects of a rare cardiomyopathy. Lab Invest. 2002; 82: 117–122.
[18]	Lauer RM, Fink HP, Petry EL, et al. Angiographic demonstration of intramyocardial sinusoids in pulmonary-valve atresia with intact ventricular septum and hypoplastic right ventricle. N Engl J Med. 1964; 271: 68–72.
[19]	Ritter M, Oechslin E, Sutsch G, et al. Isolated noncompaction of the myocardium in adults. Mayo Clin Proc. 1997; 72: 26–31. 23.
[20]	Ichida F, Hanamichi Y, Miyawaki T, et al. Clinical features of isolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium: long-term clinical course, hemodynamic properties, and genetic background. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999; 34: 233–240.
[21]	Rigopoulos A, Rizos IK, Aggeli C, et al. Isolated left ventricular noncompaction: an unclassified cardiomyopathy with severe prognosis in adults. Cardiology. 2002; 98: 25–32.
[22]	Zi-Qi Zhou et al. Comparison of cardiovascular magnetic resonance characteristics and clinical prognosis in left ventricular noncompaction patients with and without arrhythmia. 2022 Feb 2; 22 (1): 25.
[23]	Zuccarino F, et al. “Left Ventricular Noncompaction: Imaging Findings and Diagnostic Criteria”. American Journal of Roentgenology 2045 (2015): W519–530.
[24]	Ichida F, Tsubata S, Bowles KR, et al. Novel gene mutations in patients with left ventricular noncompaction or Barth syndrome. Circulation. 2001; 103: 1256–1263.
[25]	Roman myasniko, Andreas Brodehl, Alexey Meshkov et al. The Double Mutation DSG2-p.S363X and TBX20-p.D278X Is Associated with Left Ventricular Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy: Case Report. Int J Mol, 2021 Jun 24; 22 (13): 6775.
[26]	Marie CV, Hilla G, Karine N et al. Phenotype/Genotype Relationship in Left Ventricular Noncompaction: Ion Channel Gene Mutations Are Associated With Preserved Left Ventricular Systolic Function and Biventricular Noncompaction: Phenotype/Genotype of Noncompaction. J Card Fail. 2021 Jun; 27 (6): 677-681.
[27]	Bennett CE and Freudenberger R. “The Current Approach to Diagnosis and Management of Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyoapthy”. Cardiology Research and Practice (2016): 5172308.
[28]	Kido K and Guglin M. Anticoagulation Therapy in Specific Cardiomyopathies: Isolated Left Ventricular Noncompaction and Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 241 (2019): 31–36.
[29]	Bertini M, et al. “Efficacy of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Isolated Ventricular Noncompaction with Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review of the Literature”. Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine (Hagerstown) 197 (2018): 324–328.
[30]	Al Khatib SM, et al. “AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society”. Heart Rhythm 1510 (2018): e190–e252.
[31]	Ware SM. “Genetics of Pediatric Cardiomyopathies”. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 295 (2017): 534–540.
[32]	Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases. An Integrative-“omics” Study of Cardiomyopathy Patients for Diagnosis and Prognosis in China (AOCC) (2019).
[33]	Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases. Metabolomic Study of All-age Cardiomyopathy (MAC) (2019).
[34]	Indiana University. Pediatry Cardiomyopathy Mutation Analysis (2019).

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Chenjun Zhang, Jiahong Xu. (2022). A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research, 6(3), 81-85. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Chenjun Zhang; Jiahong Xu. A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Res. 2022, 6(3), 81-85. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Chenjun Zhang, Jiahong Xu. A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2022;6(3):81-85. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11,
  author = {Chenjun Zhang and Jiahong Xu},
  title = {A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature},
  journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {81-85},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20220603.11},
  abstract = {Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) has anatomic characters of prominent left ventricular trabeculation and deep recesses and relatively thiner compacted layer which can lead to structurally and functionally abnormal of heart muscle. Its pathogenesis predominantly be primary cardiomyopathy and also can be results of drug toxicity or response to acquired triggers. Our case is a 27 years old man who had appeared symptoms including dyspnea and palpitation caused by exertion about ten years and been found with atrial septal defect but had not performed intervention. Then he was admitted because of aggravation of symptoms and been diagnosed left ventricular non compaction after finished echocardiography. Afterwards because of symptomatic bradycardia he had pacemaker implantation, but three months later he died of decompensated acute heart failure. LVNC has variable clinical manifestations including heart failure, thromboembolic events, ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure and the diagnosis of LVNC depends on echocardiography and Cardiac magnetic resonance mainly. Its mortality and morbidity are high and its classification as a specific cardiomyopathy be more appropriate. Therapy of end stage myocardial failure dependes on heart transplantation. Implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRTD) is the key method to prevent from sudden death. Risk stratification includes heart failure therapy, oral anticoagulation, heart transplantation and implantation of an automated defibrillator/cardioverter.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature
AU  - Chenjun Zhang
AU  - Jiahong Xu
Y1  - 2022/10/11
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11
T2  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JF  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JO  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
SP  - 81
EP  - 85
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8914
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11
AB  - Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) has anatomic characters of prominent left ventricular trabeculation and deep recesses and relatively thiner compacted layer which can lead to structurally and functionally abnormal of heart muscle. Its pathogenesis predominantly be primary cardiomyopathy and also can be results of drug toxicity or response to acquired triggers. Our case is a 27 years old man who had appeared symptoms including dyspnea and palpitation caused by exertion about ten years and been found with atrial septal defect but had not performed intervention. Then he was admitted because of aggravation of symptoms and been diagnosed left ventricular non compaction after finished echocardiography. Afterwards because of symptomatic bradycardia he had pacemaker implantation, but three months later he died of decompensated acute heart failure. LVNC has variable clinical manifestations including heart failure, thromboembolic events, ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure and the diagnosis of LVNC depends on echocardiography and Cardiac magnetic resonance mainly. Its mortality and morbidity are high and its classification as a specific cardiomyopathy be more appropriate. Therapy of end stage myocardial failure dependes on heart transplantation. Implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRTD) is the key method to prevent from sudden death. Risk stratification includes heart failure therapy, oral anticoagulation, heart transplantation and implantation of an automated defibrillator/cardioverter.
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Chenjun Zhang

Department of Cardiology Gong Li Hospital, Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
Jiahong Xu

Department of Cardiology Gong Li Hospital, Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Chenjun Zhang, Jiahong Xu. (2022). A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research, 6(3), 81-85. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Chenjun Zhang; Jiahong Xu. A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Res. 2022, 6(3), 81-85. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Chenjun Zhang, Jiahong Xu. A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2022;6(3):81-85. doi: 10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11,
  author = {Chenjun Zhang and Jiahong Xu},
  title = {A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature},
  journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {81-85},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20220603.11},
  abstract = {Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) has anatomic characters of prominent left ventricular trabeculation and deep recesses and relatively thiner compacted layer which can lead to structurally and functionally abnormal of heart muscle. Its pathogenesis predominantly be primary cardiomyopathy and also can be results of drug toxicity or response to acquired triggers. Our case is a 27 years old man who had appeared symptoms including dyspnea and palpitation caused by exertion about ten years and been found with atrial septal defect but had not performed intervention. Then he was admitted because of aggravation of symptoms and been diagnosed left ventricular non compaction after finished echocardiography. Afterwards because of symptomatic bradycardia he had pacemaker implantation, but three months later he died of decompensated acute heart failure. LVNC has variable clinical manifestations including heart failure, thromboembolic events, ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure and the diagnosis of LVNC depends on echocardiography and Cardiac magnetic resonance mainly. Its mortality and morbidity are high and its classification as a specific cardiomyopathy be more appropriate. Therapy of end stage myocardial failure dependes on heart transplantation. Implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRTD) is the key method to prevent from sudden death. Risk stratification includes heart failure therapy, oral anticoagulation, heart transplantation and implantation of an automated defibrillator/cardioverter.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Poor Consequence Led by Left Ventricular Non-compaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature
AU  - Chenjun Zhang
AU  - Jiahong Xu
Y1  - 2022/10/11
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11
T2  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JF  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JO  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
SP  - 81
EP  - 85
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8914
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220603.11
AB  - Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) has anatomic characters of prominent left ventricular trabeculation and deep recesses and relatively thiner compacted layer which can lead to structurally and functionally abnormal of heart muscle. Its pathogenesis predominantly be primary cardiomyopathy and also can be results of drug toxicity or response to acquired triggers. Our case is a 27 years old man who had appeared symptoms including dyspnea and palpitation caused by exertion about ten years and been found with atrial septal defect but had not performed intervention. Then he was admitted because of aggravation of symptoms and been diagnosed left ventricular non compaction after finished echocardiography. Afterwards because of symptomatic bradycardia he had pacemaker implantation, but three months later he died of decompensated acute heart failure. LVNC has variable clinical manifestations including heart failure, thromboembolic events, ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure and the diagnosis of LVNC depends on echocardiography and Cardiac magnetic resonance mainly. Its mortality and morbidity are high and its classification as a specific cardiomyopathy be more appropriate. Therapy of end stage myocardial failure dependes on heart transplantation. Implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRTD) is the key method to prevent from sudden death. Risk stratification includes heart failure therapy, oral anticoagulation, heart transplantation and implantation of an automated defibrillator/cardioverter.
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download