| Peer-Reviewed

An Allegory of the Impossible Time’s Arrow Through the Lens of Unnatural Narratology

Received: 22 January 2022    Accepted: 13 February 2022    Published: 19 February 2022
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

The literary representations of the Holocaust are full of critical and creative taboos. While Holocaust survivors such as Primo Levi were producing insightful and touching memoirs of their unfortunate experiences, non-survivors such as Martin Amis were also participating in the imaginative understanding of the nature of Holocaust offense. Academic interests in representations of Holocaust are also thriving. Among them the Perpetrator Studies, a field in response to the WWII and Holocaust, is the most controversial. Focusing on the perpetrators of mass atrocity, this field has developed into an interdisciplinary field. Martin Amis’s Time’s Arrow was a literary reenactment of a Nazi doctor’s experience during the WWII which had caused great controversy in the studies of Holocaust literature. In this article, it is examined how Martin Amis’s Time’s Arrow problematizes those taboos in a very unique way. By adopting techniques of unnatural narratology to narrativize the perspective of a Nazi doctor, Martin Amis creates a postmodern writerly text to allegorize the inexplicable nature of Holocaust. The complex and perplexing reading experience generated by the difficult text not only increase reader’s investment in the novel but also in a subtle way ask them to bear witness to the Holocaust in this immersive act of reading. In this way, Martin Amis activates the performative power of literature and fulfills his duty as a moral witness to the genocide.

Published in English Language, Literature & Culture (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.15
Page(s) 30-35
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Martin·Amis, Unnatural Narratology, Perpetrator Trauma, Ethics of Reading

References
[1] Alber, Jan. (2013). “Unnatural Narratology: The Systematic Study of Anti-Mimeticism”, in Literature Compass, Vol. 10. no. 5, pp. 449-60.
[2] Alber, Jan and Rüdiger Heinze. (2011). Introduction. Unnatural Narratives – Unnatural Narratology. Ed. Jan Alber and Rüdiger Heinze. Berlin: De Gruyter. 1-22.
[3] Amis, Martin. (1991). Time’s Arrow. New York: Vintage International.
[4] Amis, Martin. (2001). Experience. London: Vintage Books. 121.
[5] Felski, Rita. (2008). Uses of Literature. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
[6] Herman, David. (2005). “Storyworld”, in The Routledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory. Ed. David Herman, Manfred Jahn, and Marie-Laure Ryan. London: Routledge.
[7] Knittel, Susanne C. and Zachary J. Golderg. (2020). “Introduction”, in The Routledge International Handbook of Perpetrator Studies. Eds. Susanne C. Knittel and Zachary J. Goldberg. London and New York: Routledge. 1-4.
[8] McGlothlin, Erin.(2009). “Theorizing the Perpetrator in Berhard Schlink’s The Reader and Martin Amis’s Time’s Arrow”, in After Representation?: The Holocaust, Literature, and Culture. Eds. R, Clifton Spargo and Robert M. Ehrenreich. New Brunswick, New Jersey, and London: Rutgers University Press. 210-230.
[9] McGlothlin, Erin. (2021). “Narrative Closure and the “Whew” Effect: The Ethics of Reading Narratives of Survival of the Holocaust”, in The Ethics of Survival in Contemporary Literature and Culture. Eds. Freiburg R., Bayer G. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. 265-290.
[10] Menke, Richard. (1998). “Narrative Reversals and the thermodynamics of history in Martin Amis’s Time’s Arrow”, in MFS Modern Fiction Studies, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 959-980.
[11] Miller, J. Hillis. (2011). The Conflagration of Community: Fiction before and after Auschwitz. London: The University of Chicago Press.
[12] Mohamed, Saira. (2015). “Of Monsters and Men: Perpetrator Trauma and Mass Atrocity”, in 115 Colum. L. Rev. 1157.
[13] White, Hayden. (1996). “The Modernist Event”, in The Persistence of History: Cinema, Television, and the Modern Event. Ed. Vivian Sobchack. London and New York: Routledge.
[14] Roldán-Sevillano, Laura. (2021). “The Double-Headed Arrow of Trauma: The Morally Traumatised Perpetrator in Martin Amis’s Time’s Arrow”, in Journal of the Spanish Association of Anglo-American Studies, Vol. 43, No. 2. 134.
[15] Richardson, Brian. “What is Unnatural Narrative Theory?”, in Unnatural Narratives – Unnatural Narratology. Eds. Jan Alber and Rüdiger Heinze. Berlin: De Gruyter. 23-40.
[16] Ryan, Marie-Laure. (2009). “Temporal Paradoxes in Narrative”, in Style, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 142-64.
[17] Santner, Eric L. (1992). “History Beyond the Pleasure Principle: Some Thoughts on the Representation of Trauma”, in. Probing the Limits of Representation: Nazism and the “Final Solution”. Ed. Saul Friedlander. London and Cambridge: Harvard University. 143-154.
[18] Self, Will and Martin Amis. (1993). “An Interview with Martin Amis”, in Mississippi Review, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 143-169.
[19] Slater, Maya. (1993). “Problems When Time Moves Backwards: Martin Amis’s Time’s Arrow”, in English, pp. 141-152.
[20] Shen, Dan and Wang, Liya. (2010). Western Narratology: The Classic and the Postclassic. Beijing: Beijing University Press.
[21] Tal, Kali. (1996). Words of Hurt: Reading the Literature of Trauma. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. 9-10.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Yang Ting. (2022). An Allegory of the Impossible Time’s Arrow Through the Lens of Unnatural Narratology. English Language, Literature & Culture, 7(1), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.15

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Yang Ting. An Allegory of the Impossible Time’s Arrow Through the Lens of Unnatural Narratology. Engl. Lang. Lit. Cult. 2022, 7(1), 30-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.15

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Yang Ting. An Allegory of the Impossible Time’s Arrow Through the Lens of Unnatural Narratology. Engl Lang Lit Cult. 2022;7(1):30-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.15

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.15,
      author = {Yang Ting},
      title = {An Allegory of the Impossible Time’s Arrow Through the Lens of Unnatural Narratology},
      journal = {English Language, Literature & Culture},
      volume = {7},
      number = {1},
      pages = {30-35},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ellc.20220701.15},
      abstract = {The literary representations of the Holocaust are full of critical and creative taboos. While Holocaust survivors such as Primo Levi were producing insightful and touching memoirs of their unfortunate experiences, non-survivors such as Martin Amis were also participating in the imaginative understanding of the nature of Holocaust offense. Academic interests in representations of Holocaust are also thriving. Among them the Perpetrator Studies, a field in response to the WWII and Holocaust, is the most controversial. Focusing on the perpetrators of mass atrocity, this field has developed into an interdisciplinary field. Martin Amis’s Time’s Arrow was a literary reenactment of a Nazi doctor’s experience during the WWII which had caused great controversy in the studies of Holocaust literature. In this article, it is examined how Martin Amis’s Time’s Arrow problematizes those taboos in a very unique way. By adopting techniques of unnatural narratology to narrativize the perspective of a Nazi doctor, Martin Amis creates a postmodern writerly text to allegorize the inexplicable nature of Holocaust. The complex and perplexing reading experience generated by the difficult text not only increase reader’s investment in the novel but also in a subtle way ask them to bear witness to the Holocaust in this immersive act of reading. In this way, Martin Amis activates the performative power of literature and fulfills his duty as a moral witness to the genocide.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - An Allegory of the Impossible Time’s Arrow Through the Lens of Unnatural Narratology
    AU  - Yang Ting
    Y1  - 2022/02/19
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.15
    T2  - English Language, Literature & Culture
    JF  - English Language, Literature & Culture
    JO  - English Language, Literature & Culture
    SP  - 30
    EP  - 35
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-2413
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.15
    AB  - The literary representations of the Holocaust are full of critical and creative taboos. While Holocaust survivors such as Primo Levi were producing insightful and touching memoirs of their unfortunate experiences, non-survivors such as Martin Amis were also participating in the imaginative understanding of the nature of Holocaust offense. Academic interests in representations of Holocaust are also thriving. Among them the Perpetrator Studies, a field in response to the WWII and Holocaust, is the most controversial. Focusing on the perpetrators of mass atrocity, this field has developed into an interdisciplinary field. Martin Amis’s Time’s Arrow was a literary reenactment of a Nazi doctor’s experience during the WWII which had caused great controversy in the studies of Holocaust literature. In this article, it is examined how Martin Amis’s Time’s Arrow problematizes those taboos in a very unique way. By adopting techniques of unnatural narratology to narrativize the perspective of a Nazi doctor, Martin Amis creates a postmodern writerly text to allegorize the inexplicable nature of Holocaust. The complex and perplexing reading experience generated by the difficult text not only increase reader’s investment in the novel but also in a subtle way ask them to bear witness to the Holocaust in this immersive act of reading. In this way, Martin Amis activates the performative power of literature and fulfills his duty as a moral witness to the genocide.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Schools of Foreign Languages, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

  • Sections