Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi

Jianzhen Qiu; Shuoxian Wu; Yuezhe Zhao; Hong Huang; Liling Wu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12

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Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi

Jianzhen Qiu, Shuoxian Wu, Yuezhe Zhao, Hong Huang, Liling Wu

Published in International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 21 January 2021 Accepted: 28 January 2021 Published: 2 February 2021

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Abstract

The standards for design and evaluation of Chinese concert halls have followed that of western music and western concert halls all the time. In recent years, studies on the sound characteristics of Chinese traditional musical instruments have been conducted. Wind instrument is an important type of traditional national musical instruments of China. The Chinese flute (Di) is the most representative one among them, the oldest type with a history almost 9000 years, and it is still one of the most widely used instruments now. So the study of Qudi (a main kind of Di) can be seen as a representative research work of traditional national wind instruments of China. The measurement presents the sound power level, dynamic range and frequency characteristics of Qudi when single notes, a music scale and a typical melody are performed at various dynamics. This is the first time a research measures the sound power of Qudi by multi-channel real-time analysis method in a reverberation room according to ISO and Chinese national standards. It shows that, Qudi has higher sound power level and a limited dynamic range when compared with Chinese traditional stringed and plucked instruments. The main energy radiation of Qudi is in the alto (middle) range and soprano (high) range. Here, we use sound power level of the music scale performed at forte dynamic as the representative value of Qudi’s SWL, and it is 96.2dB.

Published in	International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12
Page(s)	8-15
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Traditional Musical Instrument, Reverberation Room Method, Sound Power Level, Dynamic Range, Frequency Characteristics

References

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[2]	Clark M, Luce D. Intensities of Orchestral Instrument Scales Played at Prescribed Dynamic Markings [J]. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, 1965, 13 (2): 151–157.
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[7]	Meyer J, Angster J. Zur Schalleistungsmessung Bei Violinen. [J]. Acustica, 1981, 49 (3): 192–204.
[8]	Wu S X, Zhao Y Z, Qiu J Z, et al. Sound power level measurement of the Erhu (Chinese violin)[J]. Acta Acustica united with Acustica, 2008, 94 (1): 164–167.
[9]	Zhao Y Z, Wu S X, Qiu J Z, et al. Sound intensity radiated by Gaohu [J]. Science China Technological Sciences, 2010, 53 (7): 1792–1797.
[10]	Zhao Y Z, Wu S X, Qiu J Z, et al. Sound power level measurement for Chinese plucked stringed instrument Liuqin [J]. Journal of Tianjin University. 2010, 43 (1): 71–76.(In Chinese).
[11]	Zhao Y Z, Wu S X, Qiu J Z, et al. Sound Power Level Measurement of Zhonghu, a Chinese Bowed Instrument. TEMPORAL DES. ARCH. ENVIRON. 2009. http://www.jtdweb.org
[12]	Qiu J Z, Wu S X. Architectural acoustics laboratory of Sound China University of Technology [C]//International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering 32nd. 2003: 1526–1531.
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[15]	Wu S X, Li Q M, Kittinger E. A new criterion for concert hall loudness evaluation [J]. Acta Acustica united with Acustica, 2001, 87 (2): 286–289.

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APA Style

Jianzhen Qiu, Shuoxian Wu, Yuezhe Zhao, Hong Huang, Liling Wu. (2021). Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi. International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications, 7(1), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12

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ACS Style

Jianzhen Qiu; Shuoxian Wu; Yuezhe Zhao; Hong Huang; Liling Wu. Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi. Int. J. Archit. Arts Appl. 2021, 7(1), 8-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12

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AMA Style

Jianzhen Qiu, Shuoxian Wu, Yuezhe Zhao, Hong Huang, Liling Wu. Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi. Int J Archit Arts Appl. 2021;7(1):8-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12,
  author = {Jianzhen Qiu and Shuoxian Wu and Yuezhe Zhao and Hong Huang and Liling Wu},
  title = {Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi},
  journal = {International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-15},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijaaa.20210701.12},
  abstract = {The standards for design and evaluation of Chinese concert halls have followed that of western music and western concert halls all the time. In recent years, studies on the sound characteristics of Chinese traditional musical instruments have been conducted. Wind instrument is an important type of traditional national musical instruments of China. The Chinese flute (Di) is the most representative one among them, the oldest type with a history almost 9000 years, and it is still one of the most widely used instruments now. So the study of Qudi (a main kind of Di) can be seen as a representative research work of traditional national wind instruments of China. The measurement presents the sound power level, dynamic range and frequency characteristics of Qudi when single notes, a music scale and a typical melody are performed at various dynamics. This is the first time a research measures the sound power of Qudi by multi-channel real-time analysis method in a reverberation room according to ISO and Chinese national standards. It shows that, Qudi has higher sound power level and a limited dynamic range when compared with Chinese traditional stringed and plucked instruments. The main energy radiation of Qudi is in the alto (middle) range and soprano (high) range. Here, we use sound power level of the music scale performed at forte dynamic as the representative value of Qudi’s SWL, and it is 96.2dB.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi
AU  - Jianzhen Qiu
AU  - Shuoxian Wu
AU  - Yuezhe Zhao
AU  - Hong Huang
AU  - Liling Wu
Y1  - 2021/02/02
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12
T2  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
SP  - 8
EP  - 15
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-1131
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12
AB  - The standards for design and evaluation of Chinese concert halls have followed that of western music and western concert halls all the time. In recent years, studies on the sound characteristics of Chinese traditional musical instruments have been conducted. Wind instrument is an important type of traditional national musical instruments of China. The Chinese flute (Di) is the most representative one among them, the oldest type with a history almost 9000 years, and it is still one of the most widely used instruments now. So the study of Qudi (a main kind of Di) can be seen as a representative research work of traditional national wind instruments of China. The measurement presents the sound power level, dynamic range and frequency characteristics of Qudi when single notes, a music scale and a typical melody are performed at various dynamics. This is the first time a research measures the sound power of Qudi by multi-channel real-time analysis method in a reverberation room according to ISO and Chinese national standards. It shows that, Qudi has higher sound power level and a limited dynamic range when compared with Chinese traditional stringed and plucked instruments. The main energy radiation of Qudi is in the alto (middle) range and soprano (high) range. Here, we use sound power level of the music scale performed at forte dynamic as the representative value of Qudi’s SWL, and it is 96.2dB.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Jianzhen Qiu

School of Architecture, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
Shuoxian Wu

School of Architecture, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
Yuezhe Zhao

School of Architecture, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
Hong Huang

Musicology Department of Xinghai Conservatoire of Music, Guangzhou, China
Liling Wu

Musicology Department of Xinghai Conservatoire of Music, Guangzhou, China

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APA Style

Jianzhen Qiu, Shuoxian Wu, Yuezhe Zhao, Hong Huang, Liling Wu. (2021). Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi. International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications, 7(1), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12

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ACS Style

Jianzhen Qiu; Shuoxian Wu; Yuezhe Zhao; Hong Huang; Liling Wu. Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi. Int. J. Archit. Arts Appl. 2021, 7(1), 8-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12

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AMA Style

Jianzhen Qiu, Shuoxian Wu, Yuezhe Zhao, Hong Huang, Liling Wu. Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi. Int J Archit Arts Appl. 2021;7(1):8-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12,
  author = {Jianzhen Qiu and Shuoxian Wu and Yuezhe Zhao and Hong Huang and Liling Wu},
  title = {Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi},
  journal = {International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-15},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijaaa.20210701.12},
  abstract = {The standards for design and evaluation of Chinese concert halls have followed that of western music and western concert halls all the time. In recent years, studies on the sound characteristics of Chinese traditional musical instruments have been conducted. Wind instrument is an important type of traditional national musical instruments of China. The Chinese flute (Di) is the most representative one among them, the oldest type with a history almost 9000 years, and it is still one of the most widely used instruments now. So the study of Qudi (a main kind of Di) can be seen as a representative research work of traditional national wind instruments of China. The measurement presents the sound power level, dynamic range and frequency characteristics of Qudi when single notes, a music scale and a typical melody are performed at various dynamics. This is the first time a research measures the sound power of Qudi by multi-channel real-time analysis method in a reverberation room according to ISO and Chinese national standards. It shows that, Qudi has higher sound power level and a limited dynamic range when compared with Chinese traditional stringed and plucked instruments. The main energy radiation of Qudi is in the alto (middle) range and soprano (high) range. Here, we use sound power level of the music scale performed at forte dynamic as the representative value of Qudi’s SWL, and it is 96.2dB.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sound Power Characteristics of Chinese Traditional Wind Instrument Qudi
AU  - Jianzhen Qiu
AU  - Shuoxian Wu
AU  - Yuezhe Zhao
AU  - Hong Huang
AU  - Liling Wu
Y1  - 2021/02/02
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12
T2  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Architecture, Arts and Applications
SP  - 8
EP  - 15
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-1131
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaaa.20210701.12
AB  - The standards for design and evaluation of Chinese concert halls have followed that of western music and western concert halls all the time. In recent years, studies on the sound characteristics of Chinese traditional musical instruments have been conducted. Wind instrument is an important type of traditional national musical instruments of China. The Chinese flute (Di) is the most representative one among them, the oldest type with a history almost 9000 years, and it is still one of the most widely used instruments now. So the study of Qudi (a main kind of Di) can be seen as a representative research work of traditional national wind instruments of China. The measurement presents the sound power level, dynamic range and frequency characteristics of Qudi when single notes, a music scale and a typical melody are performed at various dynamics. This is the first time a research measures the sound power of Qudi by multi-channel real-time analysis method in a reverberation room according to ISO and Chinese national standards. It shows that, Qudi has higher sound power level and a limited dynamic range when compared with Chinese traditional stringed and plucked instruments. The main energy radiation of Qudi is in the alto (middle) range and soprano (high) range. Here, we use sound power level of the music scale performed at forte dynamic as the representative value of Qudi’s SWL, and it is 96.2dB.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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