The SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) is an infection caused by a virus that was discovered in the Chinese ancient city of Wuhan in December, 2019 in patients reported with pneumonia, shortness of breath and fever. Common symptoms of the virus include dry cough, nasal congestion, sore throat, loss of taste and smell, tiredness, and fever etc. Coronaviruses are single RNA-enveloped positive-sense viruses of ~30kb. They are classified into different genera based on their genomic structure as α, β, γ, and δ genera. Only the α and β genera of coronavirus can be transmitted to mammals. The recent SARS-CoV-2 is associated with the β family of coronavirus. The mode of transmission is basically via droplets from the nose or mouth of an infected person. The virus has a life cycle comprises of 5 steps; cellular attachment, invasion, replication, viral maturation and cellular escape. The mode of cellular invasion is via binding of the spike protein to angiotensin converting enzymes 2 receptor (ACE2). Knowledge on the SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and spike protein, in conjunction with immunological alterations are the most promising targets for vaccine development. Manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms is very vital to the understanding of the disease. Since the inception of the virus, researchers have tried to accumulates the mild and severe symptoms of the disease in different pathological condition. The recent sharp increase in the infection rate based on the number of confirmed cases in some part of the world is worrisome, thus it has been perceived as the second wave of the virus. The second wave might last longer than expected, therefore, it is imperative to enlighten Nigerians on the immunological alteration of this virus, alongside the clinical manifestations that can arise due to SARS-CoV-2 infection – from infants to elderly; from asymptomatic patients, mild to severe cases and in patients with preexisting medical condition. Likewise, public awareness of the different strains of SARS-CoV-19 is lacking. There is little or no comprehensive research on the different variants of the coronavirus and their impending impact on the global community.
| Published in | International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy (Volume 6, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.12 |
| Page(s) | 50-60 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
SASR-CoV-2, Coronavirus, Variant, Pathogenesis, Disease, Second Wave
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APA Style
Sunday Zeal Bala, Miracle Livinus, Madinat Hassan, Solomon Bitrus. (2021). SARS CoV-2 Second Wave: Enlightening Nigerians About Latest SARS CoV-2 Variants and the Clinical Manifestation of the Viral Infection in Different Disease Conditions. International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 6(2), 50-60. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.12
ACS Style
Sunday Zeal Bala; Miracle Livinus; Madinat Hassan; Solomon Bitrus. SARS CoV-2 Second Wave: Enlightening Nigerians About Latest SARS CoV-2 Variants and the Clinical Manifestation of the Viral Infection in Different Disease Conditions. Int. J. Infect. Dis. Ther. 2021, 6(2), 50-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.12
AMA Style
Sunday Zeal Bala, Miracle Livinus, Madinat Hassan, Solomon Bitrus. SARS CoV-2 Second Wave: Enlightening Nigerians About Latest SARS CoV-2 Variants and the Clinical Manifestation of the Viral Infection in Different Disease Conditions. Int J Infect Dis Ther. 2021;6(2):50-60. doi: 10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.12,
author = {Sunday Zeal Bala and Miracle Livinus and Madinat Hassan and Solomon Bitrus},
title = {SARS CoV-2 Second Wave: Enlightening Nigerians About Latest SARS CoV-2 Variants and the Clinical Manifestation of the Viral Infection in Different Disease Conditions},
journal = {International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy},
volume = {6},
number = {2},
pages = {50-60},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijidt.20210602.12},
abstract = {The SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) is an infection caused by a virus that was discovered in the Chinese ancient city of Wuhan in December, 2019 in patients reported with pneumonia, shortness of breath and fever. Common symptoms of the virus include dry cough, nasal congestion, sore throat, loss of taste and smell, tiredness, and fever etc. Coronaviruses are single RNA-enveloped positive-sense viruses of ~30kb. They are classified into different genera based on their genomic structure as α, β, γ, and δ genera. Only the α and β genera of coronavirus can be transmitted to mammals. The recent SARS-CoV-2 is associated with the β family of coronavirus. The mode of transmission is basically via droplets from the nose or mouth of an infected person. The virus has a life cycle comprises of 5 steps; cellular attachment, invasion, replication, viral maturation and cellular escape. The mode of cellular invasion is via binding of the spike protein to angiotensin converting enzymes 2 receptor (ACE2). Knowledge on the SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and spike protein, in conjunction with immunological alterations are the most promising targets for vaccine development. Manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms is very vital to the understanding of the disease. Since the inception of the virus, researchers have tried to accumulates the mild and severe symptoms of the disease in different pathological condition. The recent sharp increase in the infection rate based on the number of confirmed cases in some part of the world is worrisome, thus it has been perceived as the second wave of the virus. The second wave might last longer than expected, therefore, it is imperative to enlighten Nigerians on the immunological alteration of this virus, alongside the clinical manifestations that can arise due to SARS-CoV-2 infection – from infants to elderly; from asymptomatic patients, mild to severe cases and in patients with preexisting medical condition. Likewise, public awareness of the different strains of SARS-CoV-19 is lacking. There is little or no comprehensive research on the different variants of the coronavirus and their impending impact on the global community.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - SARS CoV-2 Second Wave: Enlightening Nigerians About Latest SARS CoV-2 Variants and the Clinical Manifestation of the Viral Infection in Different Disease Conditions AU - Sunday Zeal Bala AU - Miracle Livinus AU - Madinat Hassan AU - Solomon Bitrus Y1 - 2021/05/14 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.12 T2 - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy JF - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy JO - International Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy SP - 50 EP - 60 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2578-966X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijidt.20210602.12 AB - The SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) is an infection caused by a virus that was discovered in the Chinese ancient city of Wuhan in December, 2019 in patients reported with pneumonia, shortness of breath and fever. Common symptoms of the virus include dry cough, nasal congestion, sore throat, loss of taste and smell, tiredness, and fever etc. Coronaviruses are single RNA-enveloped positive-sense viruses of ~30kb. They are classified into different genera based on their genomic structure as α, β, γ, and δ genera. Only the α and β genera of coronavirus can be transmitted to mammals. The recent SARS-CoV-2 is associated with the β family of coronavirus. The mode of transmission is basically via droplets from the nose or mouth of an infected person. The virus has a life cycle comprises of 5 steps; cellular attachment, invasion, replication, viral maturation and cellular escape. The mode of cellular invasion is via binding of the spike protein to angiotensin converting enzymes 2 receptor (ACE2). Knowledge on the SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and spike protein, in conjunction with immunological alterations are the most promising targets for vaccine development. Manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms is very vital to the understanding of the disease. Since the inception of the virus, researchers have tried to accumulates the mild and severe symptoms of the disease in different pathological condition. The recent sharp increase in the infection rate based on the number of confirmed cases in some part of the world is worrisome, thus it has been perceived as the second wave of the virus. The second wave might last longer than expected, therefore, it is imperative to enlighten Nigerians on the immunological alteration of this virus, alongside the clinical manifestations that can arise due to SARS-CoV-2 infection – from infants to elderly; from asymptomatic patients, mild to severe cases and in patients with preexisting medical condition. Likewise, public awareness of the different strains of SARS-CoV-19 is lacking. There is little or no comprehensive research on the different variants of the coronavirus and their impending impact on the global community. VL - 6 IS - 2 ER -
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