The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem <i>“The Transformations of the Lover”</i>

Fadi Ma’louf

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12

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The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”

Fadi Ma’louf

Published in International Journal of Literature and Arts (Volume 10, Issue 2)

Received: 9 February 2022 Accepted: 3 March 2022 Published: 15 March 2022

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Abstract

This article deals with the textual dialogue between Adonis (born 1930) and al-Niffarī (died in 965 AD) in the poem, “The Transformations of the Lover,” from Adonis’s poetry collection The book of Transformations and Migration in the Day and Night Regions (1965) and reveals Adonis’ melting of the mystic text of al-Niffarī in his own text. First, this article discusses Adonis's discovery of al-Niffarī- the unknown Şūfī who lived in the margins of the religious and Şūfī institution in his time. Then, it examines Adonis’ introduction of al-Niffarī to the Arab reader through the articles that he published in Mawāqif (Attitudes) journal in 1971. A journal whose name was taken from al-Niffarī’s Kitāb al-Mawāqif (The Book of Spiritual Stayings) showing the relationship which connects between Adonis and al-Niffarī. The study shows the pattern of intertextuality in “The Transformations of the Lover,” where Adonis’ words are integrated with al-Niffarī’s without indicating reference. It has been noticed that in these texts the poet moves greatly away from the mystical meaning of al-Niffarī’s words, thus giving the physical and human experience dimensions that intersect with the situation described by al-Niffarī, with a clear change in the speaker and the addressee, as well as the essence of the experience. In so doing, the study concludes that Adonis was able not only to illuminate the text of al-Niffarī but also to fill it with influences that give al-Niffarī both authentic and modern depth. As a result, Adonis created a multi-dimensional and multi-semantical text that could convey his own idea or concept, related to the human being present in time and space.

Published in	International Journal of Literature and Arts (Volume 10, Issue 2) This article belongs to the Special Issue The Woman as a Sufi Motif in Modern Arabic Poetry
DOI	10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12
Page(s)	74-81
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Adonis, Al-Niffarī, Intertextuality, Dialogism, Textual Dialogue

References

[1]	Allen, G., Intertextuality (London & New York: Routledge, 2011). pp. 8-55.
[2]	Arberry, A., "al-Niffarī" in: The Encyclopedia of Islam, Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1960-2002, V. 4, pp. 13-14.
[3]	Adonis, "Establishing a New Writing-3" Mawāqif no. 17-18 (1971 c) (Beirut): 6-10.
[4]	Adonis, "Establishing a New Writing-3" Mawāqif no. 17-18 (1971 c) (Beirut): 7-8.
[5]	Adonis, "Establishing a New Writing-1" Mawāqif no. 15 (1971 a) (Beirut): 5-7.
[6]	Adonis, "Establishing a New Writing-2" Mawāqif no. 16 (1971 b) (Beirut): 9-27.
[7]	Salamah-Qudsi, A., Şūfism and Early Islamic Piety: Personal and Communal Dynamics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019). pp. 162-186.
[8]	Adonis, Şūfism and Surrealism (Beirut: Dar al-Saki, 1995). p. 185.
[9]	Adonis, "Establishing a New Writing-1" Mawāqif no. 15 (1971 a) (Beirut): 3-7.
[10]	Adonis, An Opening to the End of the Century (Beirut: Dar al-’Awda, 1980). p. 267.
[11]	Adonis, Transformations and Migration in the Day and Night Regions (Beirut: Modern Library, 1965).
[12]	Abboud, Hanna Tran., Dictionary of Mythologies (written by Max Shapiro) (Damascus: Ala’ Aldin Publications, 1999). pp. 30-31.
[13]	Arberry, A., The Mawaqif and Mukhatabat of Muhammad Ibn 'Abdi 'L-Jabbār al-Niffarī (Baghdad: Al-Muthannā Library, 1970).
[14]	Saeed, Khalidah, Trans., Age of Surrealism (Written by Wallace Fowlie) (Beirut: Nizar Qabbani’s Publications, 1967). pp. 33-83.

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APA Style

Fadi Ma’louf. (2022). The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”. International Journal of Literature and Arts, 10(2), 74-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12

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ACS Style

Fadi Ma’louf. The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”. Int. J. Lit. Arts 2022, 10(2), 74-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12

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Fadi Ma’louf. The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”. Int J Lit Arts. 2022;10(2):74-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12,
  author = {Fadi Ma’louf},
  title = {The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”},
  journal = {International Journal of Literature and Arts},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {74-81},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijla.20221002.12},
  abstract = {This article deals with the textual dialogue between Adonis (born 1930) and al-Niffarī (died in 965 AD) in the poem, “The Transformations of the Lover,” from Adonis’s poetry collection The book of Transformations and Migration in the Day and Night Regions (1965) and reveals Adonis’ melting of the mystic text of al-Niffarī in his own text. First, this article discusses Adonis's discovery of al-Niffarī- the unknown Şūfī who lived in the margins of the religious and Şūfī institution in his time. Then, it examines Adonis’ introduction of al-Niffarī to the Arab reader through the articles that he published in Mawāqif (Attitudes) journal in 1971. A journal whose name was taken from al-Niffarī’s Kitāb al-Mawāqif (The Book of Spiritual Stayings) showing the relationship which connects between Adonis and al-Niffarī. The study shows the pattern of intertextuality in “The Transformations of the Lover,” where Adonis’ words are integrated with al-Niffarī’s without indicating reference. It has been noticed that in these texts the poet moves greatly away from the mystical meaning of al-Niffarī’s words, thus giving the physical and human experience dimensions that intersect with the situation described by al-Niffarī, with a clear change in the speaker and the addressee, as well as the essence of the experience. In so doing, the study concludes that Adonis was able not only to illuminate the text of al-Niffarī but also to fill it with influences that give al-Niffarī both authentic and modern depth. As a result, Adonis created a multi-dimensional and multi-semantical text that could convey his own idea or concept, related to the human being present in time and space.},
 year = {2022}
}

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T1  - The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”
AU  - Fadi Ma’louf
Y1  - 2022/03/15
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12
T2  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JF  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JO  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
SP  - 74
EP  - 81
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-057X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12
AB  - This article deals with the textual dialogue between Adonis (born 1930) and al-Niffarī (died in 965 AD) in the poem, “The Transformations of the Lover,” from Adonis’s poetry collection The book of Transformations and Migration in the Day and Night Regions (1965) and reveals Adonis’ melting of the mystic text of al-Niffarī in his own text. First, this article discusses Adonis's discovery of al-Niffarī- the unknown Şūfī who lived in the margins of the religious and Şūfī institution in his time. Then, it examines Adonis’ introduction of al-Niffarī to the Arab reader through the articles that he published in Mawāqif (Attitudes) journal in 1971. A journal whose name was taken from al-Niffarī’s Kitāb al-Mawāqif (The Book of Spiritual Stayings) showing the relationship which connects between Adonis and al-Niffarī. The study shows the pattern of intertextuality in “The Transformations of the Lover,” where Adonis’ words are integrated with al-Niffarī’s without indicating reference. It has been noticed that in these texts the poet moves greatly away from the mystical meaning of al-Niffarī’s words, thus giving the physical and human experience dimensions that intersect with the situation described by al-Niffarī, with a clear change in the speaker and the addressee, as well as the essence of the experience. In so doing, the study concludes that Adonis was able not only to illuminate the text of al-Niffarī but also to fill it with influences that give al-Niffarī both authentic and modern depth. As a result, Adonis created a multi-dimensional and multi-semantical text that could convey his own idea or concept, related to the human being present in time and space.
VL  - 10
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Author Information

Fadi Ma’louf

Department of Arabic Language & Camp, Literature, David Yellin College of Education, Jerusalem, Israel

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APA Style

Fadi Ma’louf. (2022). The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”. International Journal of Literature and Arts, 10(2), 74-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12

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ACS Style

Fadi Ma’louf. The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”. Int. J. Lit. Arts 2022, 10(2), 74-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12

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AMA Style

Fadi Ma’louf. The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”. Int J Lit Arts. 2022;10(2):74-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12,
  author = {Fadi Ma’louf},
  title = {The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”},
  journal = {International Journal of Literature and Arts},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {74-81},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijla.20221002.12},
  abstract = {This article deals with the textual dialogue between Adonis (born 1930) and al-Niffarī (died in 965 AD) in the poem, “The Transformations of the Lover,” from Adonis’s poetry collection The book of Transformations and Migration in the Day and Night Regions (1965) and reveals Adonis’ melting of the mystic text of al-Niffarī in his own text. First, this article discusses Adonis's discovery of al-Niffarī- the unknown Şūfī who lived in the margins of the religious and Şūfī institution in his time. Then, it examines Adonis’ introduction of al-Niffarī to the Arab reader through the articles that he published in Mawāqif (Attitudes) journal in 1971. A journal whose name was taken from al-Niffarī’s Kitāb al-Mawāqif (The Book of Spiritual Stayings) showing the relationship which connects between Adonis and al-Niffarī. The study shows the pattern of intertextuality in “The Transformations of the Lover,” where Adonis’ words are integrated with al-Niffarī’s without indicating reference. It has been noticed that in these texts the poet moves greatly away from the mystical meaning of al-Niffarī’s words, thus giving the physical and human experience dimensions that intersect with the situation described by al-Niffarī, with a clear change in the speaker and the addressee, as well as the essence of the experience. In so doing, the study concludes that Adonis was able not only to illuminate the text of al-Niffarī but also to fill it with influences that give al-Niffarī both authentic and modern depth. As a result, Adonis created a multi-dimensional and multi-semantical text that could convey his own idea or concept, related to the human being present in time and space.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Textual Dialogue Between Adonis and Al-Niffarī in Adonis's Poem “The Transformations of the Lover”
AU  - Fadi Ma’louf
Y1  - 2022/03/15
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12
T2  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JF  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
JO  - International Journal of Literature and Arts
SP  - 74
EP  - 81
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-057X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20221002.12
AB  - This article deals with the textual dialogue between Adonis (born 1930) and al-Niffarī (died in 965 AD) in the poem, “The Transformations of the Lover,” from Adonis’s poetry collection The book of Transformations and Migration in the Day and Night Regions (1965) and reveals Adonis’ melting of the mystic text of al-Niffarī in his own text. First, this article discusses Adonis's discovery of al-Niffarī- the unknown Şūfī who lived in the margins of the religious and Şūfī institution in his time. Then, it examines Adonis’ introduction of al-Niffarī to the Arab reader through the articles that he published in Mawāqif (Attitudes) journal in 1971. A journal whose name was taken from al-Niffarī’s Kitāb al-Mawāqif (The Book of Spiritual Stayings) showing the relationship which connects between Adonis and al-Niffarī. The study shows the pattern of intertextuality in “The Transformations of the Lover,” where Adonis’ words are integrated with al-Niffarī’s without indicating reference. It has been noticed that in these texts the poet moves greatly away from the mystical meaning of al-Niffarī’s words, thus giving the physical and human experience dimensions that intersect with the situation described by al-Niffarī, with a clear change in the speaker and the addressee, as well as the essence of the experience. In so doing, the study concludes that Adonis was able not only to illuminate the text of al-Niffarī but also to fill it with influences that give al-Niffarī both authentic and modern depth. As a result, Adonis created a multi-dimensional and multi-semantical text that could convey his own idea or concept, related to the human being present in time and space.
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
ER  -

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