Energy is an essential factor underpinning all elements of economy in the society. Its utilization greatly depends on the individual’s lifestyle and habitation. In rural areas, people use less electronic appliances compared to urban areas. However, the rapid development in technology and variety of applications have triggered the desire for more power in both rural and urban regions. To meet the energy demand, the world’s generation capacity has to keep growing. Renewable energy sources offer a better solution in quenching this demand. This paper presents the findings on energy utilization and a suitable sized wind/PV system model for an average rural household in Machakos. Energy demand assessment was done using probability sampling which involved clustering and random selection of households. The range of daily energy load in Machakos was found to be 0.052 to 4.23 kWh with most of the households consuming less than 1.5 kWh in a day. The daily average energy consumption for the three selected zones namely; Katheka-kai, Kiandani and Kathiani were 1.092, 0.99 and 1.4 kWh respectively, with an average load of 1.161 kWh. Over 50% of the households consume less than 1 kWh per day where the average loads were 0.56, 0.59 and 0.595 kWh respectively, with a daily average of 0.582 kWh. A wind/PV systems was sized for a sample household with a load of 0.588 kWh. Based on the minimum month solar insolation of 4.677 kWh/m2 and the available wind speed range of 1.0-10.0 m/s in the sites, a stand-alone wind/PV hybrid system was sized with component sizes as: 12 V, 165 W Panel, 12 V, 250 AH battery, 12 V, 225 W inverter and a wind turbine with a cut in, rated and cut-off wind speeds of 1.0, 5.0 and 15.0 m/s.
| Published in | International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (Volume 10, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijrse.20211003.12 |
| Page(s) | 92-98 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Energy Demand, Load Profile, Rural Electrification, PV Sizing, Wind Turbine Sizing
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APA Style
Kennedy Muchiri, Joseph Ngugi Kamau, David Wafula Wekesa, Churchill Otieno Saoke, Joseph Ndisya Mutuku, et al. (2021). Energy Demand and Its Implication on Wind/PV System Sizing in Machakos, Kenya. International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 10(3), 92-98. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20211003.12
ACS Style
Kennedy Muchiri; Joseph Ngugi Kamau; David Wafula Wekesa; Churchill Otieno Saoke; Joseph Ndisya Mutuku, et al. Energy Demand and Its Implication on Wind/PV System Sizing in Machakos, Kenya. Int. J. Sustain. Green Energy 2021, 10(3), 92-98. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20211003.12
AMA Style
Kennedy Muchiri, Joseph Ngugi Kamau, David Wafula Wekesa, Churchill Otieno Saoke, Joseph Ndisya Mutuku, et al. Energy Demand and Its Implication on Wind/PV System Sizing in Machakos, Kenya. Int J Sustain Green Energy. 2021;10(3):92-98. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20211003.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijrse.20211003.12,
author = {Kennedy Muchiri and Joseph Ngugi Kamau and David Wafula Wekesa and Churchill Otieno Saoke and Joseph Ndisya Mutuku and Joseph Kimiri Gathua},
title = {Energy Demand and Its Implication on Wind/PV System Sizing in Machakos, Kenya},
journal = {International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy},
volume = {10},
number = {3},
pages = {92-98},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijrse.20211003.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20211003.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijrse.20211003.12},
abstract = {Energy is an essential factor underpinning all elements of economy in the society. Its utilization greatly depends on the individual’s lifestyle and habitation. In rural areas, people use less electronic appliances compared to urban areas. However, the rapid development in technology and variety of applications have triggered the desire for more power in both rural and urban regions. To meet the energy demand, the world’s generation capacity has to keep growing. Renewable energy sources offer a better solution in quenching this demand. This paper presents the findings on energy utilization and a suitable sized wind/PV system model for an average rural household in Machakos. Energy demand assessment was done using probability sampling which involved clustering and random selection of households. The range of daily energy load in Machakos was found to be 0.052 to 4.23 kWh with most of the households consuming less than 1.5 kWh in a day. The daily average energy consumption for the three selected zones namely; Katheka-kai, Kiandani and Kathiani were 1.092, 0.99 and 1.4 kWh respectively, with an average load of 1.161 kWh. Over 50% of the households consume less than 1 kWh per day where the average loads were 0.56, 0.59 and 0.595 kWh respectively, with a daily average of 0.582 kWh. A wind/PV systems was sized for a sample household with a load of 0.588 kWh. Based on the minimum month solar insolation of 4.677 kWh/m2 and the available wind speed range of 1.0-10.0 m/s in the sites, a stand-alone wind/PV hybrid system was sized with component sizes as: 12 V, 165 W Panel, 12 V, 250 AH battery, 12 V, 225 W inverter and a wind turbine with a cut in, rated and cut-off wind speeds of 1.0, 5.0 and 15.0 m/s.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Energy Demand and Its Implication on Wind/PV System Sizing in Machakos, Kenya AU - Kennedy Muchiri AU - Joseph Ngugi Kamau AU - David Wafula Wekesa AU - Churchill Otieno Saoke AU - Joseph Ndisya Mutuku AU - Joseph Kimiri Gathua Y1 - 2021/08/24 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20211003.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ijrse.20211003.12 T2 - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy JF - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy JO - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy SP - 92 EP - 98 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-1549 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20211003.12 AB - Energy is an essential factor underpinning all elements of economy in the society. Its utilization greatly depends on the individual’s lifestyle and habitation. In rural areas, people use less electronic appliances compared to urban areas. However, the rapid development in technology and variety of applications have triggered the desire for more power in both rural and urban regions. To meet the energy demand, the world’s generation capacity has to keep growing. Renewable energy sources offer a better solution in quenching this demand. This paper presents the findings on energy utilization and a suitable sized wind/PV system model for an average rural household in Machakos. Energy demand assessment was done using probability sampling which involved clustering and random selection of households. The range of daily energy load in Machakos was found to be 0.052 to 4.23 kWh with most of the households consuming less than 1.5 kWh in a day. The daily average energy consumption for the three selected zones namely; Katheka-kai, Kiandani and Kathiani were 1.092, 0.99 and 1.4 kWh respectively, with an average load of 1.161 kWh. Over 50% of the households consume less than 1 kWh per day where the average loads were 0.56, 0.59 and 0.595 kWh respectively, with a daily average of 0.582 kWh. A wind/PV systems was sized for a sample household with a load of 0.588 kWh. Based on the minimum month solar insolation of 4.677 kWh/m2 and the available wind speed range of 1.0-10.0 m/s in the sites, a stand-alone wind/PV hybrid system was sized with component sizes as: 12 V, 165 W Panel, 12 V, 250 AH battery, 12 V, 225 W inverter and a wind turbine with a cut in, rated and cut-off wind speeds of 1.0, 5.0 and 15.0 m/s. VL - 10 IS - 3 ER -
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