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Gender Representation in English Textbooks: A Qualitative Synthesis of Current Research in China

Received: 10 April 2022    Accepted: 23 May 2022    Published: 31 May 2022
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Abstract

Textbooks are not only the main carrier of knowledge but also the major vehicle that embody the social culture, values and ideology. The presentation of gender in textbooks can play an important role in the formation of individual gender perceptions. In the past two decades, studies on gender representation in English textbooks were found conducted vastly across the globe, and nearly all of which have revealed gender stereotypes and gender bias as well as their further impact on students' gender value. This review was conducted in December 2021 using CNKI database. In this review, eleven studies focused on gender representation in English textbooks that conducted in the Chinese teaching context were identified. Research subjects, the theoretical foundations, the research designs, findings and suggestions were analyzed. Suggestions as well as implications related to future research were provided. It is recommended first that the scope of research objects should be expanded, covering English textbooks for childhood education, higher education and vocational education and so forth. Further, researchers shall conduct more comparative studies, including comparison of different versions of textbooks published in China as well as the comparison of different textbooks at home and abroad. Finally, it’s highly suggested to collect data from decision-makers as well as stakeholders in the educational process.

Published in International Journal of Secondary Education (Volume 10, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijsedu.20221002.14
Page(s) 84-90
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Gender Representation, English Textbooks, CNKI, Literature Review

References
[1] UNESCO. (2016). Sustainable Development Goals: Gender Equality. https://www.un.org/en/academic-impact/page/gender-equality
[2] The State Council. (2015, September 22). Gender equality and women's development in China. Gender Equality and Women's Development in China _ White Paper _ Gov.cn. Retrieved February 5, 2022, from http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2015-09/22/content_2936783.htm
[3] UNESCO. (2004). EFA Global Monitoring Report 2003/4.
[4] Liu, B. & Kang, Y. (2021). The gender gap in compulsory education: phenomenon, causes and solutions. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Sciences), 65 (02), 5-16.
[5] Wu, W. (2002). The effect of education and media bias on female low achievement motivation. Education Science, 17 (06), 58-59.
[6] Doust, J. A., Pietrzak, E., Sanders, S., & Glasziou, P. P. (2005). Identifying studies for systematic reviews of diagnostic tests was difficult due to the poor sensitivity and precision of methodologic filters and the lack of information in the abstract. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 58 (5), 444-449.
[7] Gui, C. (2019). A study on gender bias in high school English textbooks of Waiyanshe edition. [Master’s thesis, Chongqing Normal University].
[8] He, R. (2020). A multimodal discourse analysis of gender reproduction in elementary school English textbooks. [Master’s thesis, Chang'an University].
[9] Jiang, R. (2019). A study of gender bias in Chinese elementary school English textbooks. [Master’s thesis, East China University of Science and Technology].
[10] Li, L. (2019). A study of gender roles in junior high school English textbook Go for it!. [Master’s thesis, Luoyang Normal University].
[11] Wang, S. (2021). A study on gender stereotypes in English textbooks of the Foreign Studies version in the feminist perspective. [Master’s thesis, Liaoning Normal University].
[12] Yang, H. (2020). A study of gender presentation in high school English textbooks of the Renminbi edition from the perspective of multimodal critical discourse analysis. [Master’s thesis, Shanghai International Studies University].
[13] Yu, B. (2018). A study on gender discrimination in English textbooks under the framework of CDA. [Master’s thesis, Shanghai International Studies University].
[14] Zhu, C. (2012). A study of gender presentation in English textbooks of Renai edition. [Master’s thesis, Fujian Normal University].
[15] Zhang, J., Yang, Y. (2003). A study on the phenomenon of linguistic sexism in the construction of elementary school English teaching materials. Tsinghua University Educational Research (S1), 73-76.
[16] Zhu, T. (2012). A comparative analysis of gender discrimination phenomenon in business English and business Chinese textbooks. [Master’s thesis, Northeast Normal University].
[17] Wang, S. (2016). Research on gender roles in kindergarten teaching materials. [Master’s thesis, Guangxi Normal College].
[18] Cui, C. & Wu, D. (2019). An empirical analysis of gender roles in textbooks: perspective on characters in 2018 Chinese textbooks. Global Education, 48 (04), 105-118.
[19] Xiao, L. & Wang, N. (2021). Textbook Analysis in China: Historical Review and Future Prospect. Curriculum, Teaching Material and Method (10), 42-50.
[20] Mustapha, A. S. (2013). Gender and language education research: A review. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 4 (3), 454.
[21] Lee, J. F. K. (2011). Gender representation - An exploration of standardized evaluation methods (Book Review). Sex Roles, 64, 148-150.
[22] De Beauvior, S. (1949). The Second Sex. Trans HM Parshley. London: Vintage Press.
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  • APA Style

    Wei Yan-huan. (2022). Gender Representation in English Textbooks: A Qualitative Synthesis of Current Research in China. International Journal of Secondary Education, 10(2), 84-90. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsedu.20221002.14

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    ACS Style

    Wei Yan-huan. Gender Representation in English Textbooks: A Qualitative Synthesis of Current Research in China. Int. J. Second. Educ. 2022, 10(2), 84-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsedu.20221002.14

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    AMA Style

    Wei Yan-huan. Gender Representation in English Textbooks: A Qualitative Synthesis of Current Research in China. Int J Second Educ. 2022;10(2):84-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsedu.20221002.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijsedu.20221002.14,
      author = {Wei Yan-huan},
      title = {Gender Representation in English Textbooks: A Qualitative Synthesis of Current Research in China},
      journal = {International Journal of Secondary Education},
      volume = {10},
      number = {2},
      pages = {84-90},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijsedu.20221002.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsedu.20221002.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsedu.20221002.14},
      abstract = {Textbooks are not only the main carrier of knowledge but also the major vehicle that embody the social culture, values and ideology. The presentation of gender in textbooks can play an important role in the formation of individual gender perceptions. In the past two decades, studies on gender representation in English textbooks were found conducted vastly across the globe, and nearly all of which have revealed gender stereotypes and gender bias as well as their further impact on students' gender value. This review was conducted in December 2021 using CNKI database. In this review, eleven studies focused on gender representation in English textbooks that conducted in the Chinese teaching context were identified. Research subjects, the theoretical foundations, the research designs, findings and suggestions were analyzed. Suggestions as well as implications related to future research were provided. It is recommended first that the scope of research objects should be expanded, covering English textbooks for childhood education, higher education and vocational education and so forth. Further, researchers shall conduct more comparative studies, including comparison of different versions of textbooks published in China as well as the comparison of different textbooks at home and abroad. Finally, it’s highly suggested to collect data from decision-makers as well as stakeholders in the educational process.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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    AU  - Wei Yan-huan
    Y1  - 2022/05/31
    PY  - 2022
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    T2  - International Journal of Secondary Education
    JF  - International Journal of Secondary Education
    JO  - International Journal of Secondary Education
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    EP  - 90
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-7472
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsedu.20221002.14
    AB  - Textbooks are not only the main carrier of knowledge but also the major vehicle that embody the social culture, values and ideology. The presentation of gender in textbooks can play an important role in the formation of individual gender perceptions. In the past two decades, studies on gender representation in English textbooks were found conducted vastly across the globe, and nearly all of which have revealed gender stereotypes and gender bias as well as their further impact on students' gender value. This review was conducted in December 2021 using CNKI database. In this review, eleven studies focused on gender representation in English textbooks that conducted in the Chinese teaching context were identified. Research subjects, the theoretical foundations, the research designs, findings and suggestions were analyzed. Suggestions as well as implications related to future research were provided. It is recommended first that the scope of research objects should be expanded, covering English textbooks for childhood education, higher education and vocational education and so forth. Further, researchers shall conduct more comparative studies, including comparison of different versions of textbooks published in China as well as the comparison of different textbooks at home and abroad. Finally, it’s highly suggested to collect data from decision-makers as well as stakeholders in the educational process.
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Author Information
  • Graduate School of Education, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, China

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