| Peer-Reviewed

Perceptions of Teachers Concerning the New Grading System at Secondary Level School: A Qualitative Approach

Received: 9 July 2022    Accepted: 22 July 2022    Published: 15 March 2023
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

This paper presents the teachers’ perceptions of the Letter Grading System (LGS) at secondary-level schools in the Tarakeshwor Municipality of Kathmandu district. The main objective is to study teachers’ perceptions of LGS and identify how to address its foremost challenges. This research is based on phenomenological design and prefers citizen constructivism. Data is collected using decisive sampling methods and a semi-structured interview tool. The teachers’ practices with the LGS are significant, appropriate, motivated, and suitable for stimulating the Nepali education system. Similarly, undergraduates’ and their parents’ perceptions are simply ensuing generous promotion strategy with advancement to their child without difficulties. As a result, there is a mismatch between the evaluation technique’s practices and teachers’ perceptions of the LGS for tracking students’ progress. Furthermore, as discussed in this article, the LGS has assessed the student’s proficiency and rational domain using nine reformist scales based on the performance opportunity provided. Finally, an experienced teacher believes that LGS has biased, liable, productive, and merit-based assessment tools in education without incorporating non-standardised tests into the school assessment system. Currently, LGS has a far better assessment method in the school appraisal system if it is possible to integrate non-testing devices, such as project work, classroom assignments, homework, group work, practical work, etc., as an assignment.

Published in International Journal of Science and Qualitative Analysis (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijsqa.20230901.11
Page(s) 1-11
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Challenges, Evaluation Literacy, Letter Grading, Teachers’ Perception, Teachers

References
[1] Haladyna, T. M., Downing, S. M., & Rodriguez, M. C. (2002). A Review of Multiple-Choice Item-Writing Guidelines for Classroom Assessment. Appl. Meas. Educ., 15 (3), 309-333.
[2] Elikai, F., & Schuhmann, P. W. (2010). An examination of the impact of grading policies on students’ achievement. Issues Account. Educ., 25 (4), 677-693.
[3] Schneider, J., & Hutt, E. (2014). Making the grade: a history of the A-F marking schemes. J. Curric. Stud., 46 (2), 201-224.
[4] Guskey, T. R., & Thomas, R. (2001). Perception of Teachers’ about Grading. J. Curric. Stud., 4 (7), 2.
[5] CERID. (2016, February). A Narrative Report of Proceeding of the National Seminar on Letter Grading System: Implication and its Impacts in Higher Education. 2016 (22).
[6] Kohn. (1999). A History of Grading. J. Curric. Stud., 3 (6).
[7] Malouff, J. (2008). Bias in Grading. Coll. Teach., 56 (3), 191-192.
[8] Kohn, A. (2012, January). The Case Against Grades. Educ. Leadersh. Educ., 8-16.
[9] Schinske, J., & Tanner, K. (2014). Feature Approaches to Biology Teaching and Learning Teaching More by Grading Less (or Differently). CBE-Life Sci. Educ., 13, 159-166.
[10] Wagle, M. P. (2016). New SLC grading system reflects students’ capability better. Retrieved from Kathmandupost.com.
[11] Kafle, B. (2020). Teachers’ Perception of Letter Grading System and Its Challenges a Qualitative Study in Vyas Municipality of Tanahun. American Journal of Educational Research, 622-632. doi:10.12691/education-8-9-3
[12] Sawyer, R. (2013). Beyond Correlations: Usefulness of High School GPA and Test Scores in Making College Admissions Decisions. 26 (2), 89-112.
[13] CERID. (2002, July). School Effectiveness in Nepal: A Synthesis of Indicators.
[14] Krawczyk, R. M. (2017, May). Effects of Grading on Student Learning and Alternative Assessment Strategies. 45. Retrieved from https://sophia.stkate.edu/maed/223
[15] Reddy, C. (2016). Grading System in Education: Advantages and Disadvantages. Journal of Education and Educational Development, 3.
[16] Isaacs, T. (2012). Assessment in Education in England. 9 (1).
[17] Yesbeck, D. M. (2011). Grading practices: Teachers’ considerations of academic and non-academic factors. ProQuest Diss. Theses, 31-164.
[18] Turner, J. S. (2008). The relationship between secondary school teacher perception of student motivation and the effects of teacher professional development on student motivation. 68 (10-A), 42-48.
[19] Guskey, T. R., & Link, L. J. (2019). Exploring the factors teachers consider in determining students’ grades. Assess. Educ. Princ. Policy Pract., 26 (3), 303-320.
[20] Guskey, T. R., & Brookhart, S. M. (2019). What We Know about Grading. In The Science News-Letter (Vol. 11, p. 115).
[21] Simon, M; Schusternd, A. (2004). Nora Rowley, 5th graders view of grades in Clements. 72-73.
[22] Brookhart, S. M., Guskey, T. R., Bowers, A. J., McMillan, J. H., Smith, J. K., Smith, L. F.,... Welsh, M. E. (2016). A Century of Grading Research: Meaning and Value in the Most Common Educational Measure. Rev. Educ. Res., 86 (4), 803-848. doi:https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316672069
[23] Starch. (1913). Reliability of grading high school work in english, maths and science. J. Educ. Educ. Dev., 21 (3).
[24] Starch, D. (1915). Can the variability of marks be reduced? Sch. Soc., 2, 242-243.
[25] Government of Nepal. (2016). LGS Nerdeshika. Kathmandu: Ministry of Education.
[26] Cox, K. B. (2011). Putting Classroom Grading on the Table: A Reform in Progress. Am. Second. Educ, 40 (1), 67-87.
[27] Connor, K. O. (2009). Part 1: How to Grade for Learning Presented by. 156.
[28] Brookhart, S. M. (1994). Teachers’ Grading: Practice and Theory. Appl. Meas. Educ., 7 (2009), 279-301.
[29] Sun, Y., & Cheng, L. (2014). Teachers’ grading practices: Meaning and Values assigned. 21 (3), 326-343.
[30] Swan, G. M., Guskey, T. R., & Jung, L. A. (2014). Parents’ and teachers’ perceptions of standards-based and Traditional Report Cards. 26, 289-299.
[31] Guskey, T. R. (2004). Grading-5-0-Alternatives. 49-53.
[32] Guskey, T. R. (2006). Making High School Grades Meaningful. Phi Delta Kappan, 87 (9), 670-675. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170608700910
[33] McMillan, J. H. (2001). Secondary Teachers’ classroom assessment and grading practices. 20 (1), 20-32.
[34] Simon, M., Tierney, R. D., Forgette-Giroux, R. C., Noonan, B., & Duncan, R. (2010). A secondary school teacher’s description of the process of determining report card grades. McGill J. Educ., 45 (3), 535-554. doi:https://doi.org/10.7202/1003576ar
[35] Cigdemoglu, C., Arslan, H. O., & Akay, H. (2011). A phenomenological study of instructors’ experiences on an open source learning management system,. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 28, 790-795. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.144.
[36] Cresswell, J. W. (2013). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. (3).
[37] Boyd, C. O. (2001). Phenomenology the Method. 93-122.
[38] Creswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions.
[39] Marriam, B. S. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education.
[40] Clarke, V. (2010). Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research” (Vol. 9). (P. L. Teaching, Ed.) SAGE.
[41] Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The New Psychology of Success. New York: Random House New York.
[42] Crotty, M. (1998). The foundations of social research: Meaning and perspective in the research process. 280. doi:https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003115700
[43] Cross, L. H., & Frary, R. B. (1999). Hodgepodge grading: Endorsed by students and teachers alike. 12 (1), 53-72.
[44] Iamarino, D. (2014). The benefits of standards-based grading: A critical evaluation of modern grading practices. 17 (2), 1-9.
[45] Munzur, Z. (2014). Reflections on the Impact of Absence of Summative Assessment on Students’ Motivation and Learning. 5 (2).
[46] Davies, S., & Mehta, J. (2013, June 28). Sociology of Education: An A-to-Z Guide. (J. Ainsworth, Ed.) SAGE Publication Inc. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452276151
[47] Guskey, T, R. (1994). Making the grade: What benefits students? 52, 14-20.
[48] Khanal, J. (2015). Corporal Punishment in Nepalese Private Schools: Perception of Teachers. 3 (7), 1-9.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Amrit Dhakal, Anup Bhurtel. (2023). Perceptions of Teachers Concerning the New Grading System at Secondary Level School: A Qualitative Approach. International Journal of Science and Qualitative Analysis, 9(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsqa.20230901.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Amrit Dhakal; Anup Bhurtel. Perceptions of Teachers Concerning the New Grading System at Secondary Level School: A Qualitative Approach. Int. J. Sci. Qual. Anal. 2023, 9(1), 1-11. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsqa.20230901.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Amrit Dhakal, Anup Bhurtel. Perceptions of Teachers Concerning the New Grading System at Secondary Level School: A Qualitative Approach. Int J Sci Qual Anal. 2023;9(1):1-11. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsqa.20230901.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ijsqa.20230901.11,
      author = {Amrit Dhakal and Anup Bhurtel},
      title = {Perceptions of Teachers Concerning the New Grading System at Secondary Level School: A Qualitative Approach},
      journal = {International Journal of Science and Qualitative Analysis},
      volume = {9},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-11},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijsqa.20230901.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsqa.20230901.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsqa.20230901.11},
      abstract = {This paper presents the teachers’ perceptions of the Letter Grading System (LGS) at secondary-level schools in the Tarakeshwor Municipality of Kathmandu district. The main objective is to study teachers’ perceptions of LGS and identify how to address its foremost challenges. This research is based on phenomenological design and prefers citizen constructivism. Data is collected using decisive sampling methods and a semi-structured interview tool. The teachers’ practices with the LGS are significant, appropriate, motivated, and suitable for stimulating the Nepali education system. Similarly, undergraduates’ and their parents’ perceptions are simply ensuing generous promotion strategy with advancement to their child without difficulties. As a result, there is a mismatch between the evaluation technique’s practices and teachers’ perceptions of the LGS for tracking students’ progress. Furthermore, as discussed in this article, the LGS has assessed the student’s proficiency and rational domain using nine reformist scales based on the performance opportunity provided. Finally, an experienced teacher believes that LGS has biased, liable, productive, and merit-based assessment tools in education without incorporating non-standardised tests into the school assessment system. Currently, LGS has a far better assessment method in the school appraisal system if it is possible to integrate non-testing devices, such as project work, classroom assignments, homework, group work, practical work, etc., as an assignment.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Perceptions of Teachers Concerning the New Grading System at Secondary Level School: A Qualitative Approach
    AU  - Amrit Dhakal
    AU  - Anup Bhurtel
    Y1  - 2023/03/15
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsqa.20230901.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsqa.20230901.11
    T2  - International Journal of Science and Qualitative Analysis
    JF  - International Journal of Science and Qualitative Analysis
    JO  - International Journal of Science and Qualitative Analysis
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 11
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2469-8164
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsqa.20230901.11
    AB  - This paper presents the teachers’ perceptions of the Letter Grading System (LGS) at secondary-level schools in the Tarakeshwor Municipality of Kathmandu district. The main objective is to study teachers’ perceptions of LGS and identify how to address its foremost challenges. This research is based on phenomenological design and prefers citizen constructivism. Data is collected using decisive sampling methods and a semi-structured interview tool. The teachers’ practices with the LGS are significant, appropriate, motivated, and suitable for stimulating the Nepali education system. Similarly, undergraduates’ and their parents’ perceptions are simply ensuing generous promotion strategy with advancement to their child without difficulties. As a result, there is a mismatch between the evaluation technique’s practices and teachers’ perceptions of the LGS for tracking students’ progress. Furthermore, as discussed in this article, the LGS has assessed the student’s proficiency and rational domain using nine reformist scales based on the performance opportunity provided. Finally, an experienced teacher believes that LGS has biased, liable, productive, and merit-based assessment tools in education without incorporating non-standardised tests into the school assessment system. Currently, LGS has a far better assessment method in the school appraisal system if it is possible to integrate non-testing devices, such as project work, classroom assignments, homework, group work, practical work, etc., as an assignment.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • School of Education, Kathmandu University, Lalitpur, Nepal

  • School of Education, Kathmandu University, Lalitpur, Nepal

  • Sections