The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan

Naiema Abdalla Wagialla; Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27

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The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan

Naiema Abdalla Wagialla, Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri

Published in Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 26 October 2016 Accepted: 24 November 2016 Published: 12 January 2017

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Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is already a high prevalent risk factor for Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVDs) throughout the world due to prevalence of contributing modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and Hyperlipidemia. Worldwide hypertension estimated to cause 7.1 million premature death and 4.5% of disease burden (64 million disability adjusted life years (DALYs), it is eminently preventable, and this can be achieved by targeted life-related risk factors. Objective: To study the availability of resources needed for standard management of hypertension in Public Primary Health Care Facilities, in Sharg-Alneel locality, Khartoum State, aiming to generate information for establishing quality control program. Methodology: Facility- based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Sharg-Alneel locality, Khartoum State, Sudan. The study Population composed of 26 public primary health care facilities and 3 rural hospitals, and all health care providers available during the data collection period and they were 119 care providers. Standardized administered questionnaire and checklist were developed, pre-test and used for data collection. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 15. Results: Marked shortage in care providers (physicians and nurses), only 0.5-physician per10,000 populations, and 0.6 nurse per10,000 populations. In addition, 71.4% of the physician and 93.5% of other health care providers were not subjected to training on standard management of hypertension. Standard referral, reporting and recording systems, were not established yet, as well, hypertension health education materials and national hypertension guidelines were not available in all health facilities. Sphygmomanometer, adult weighing scale, ophthalmoscope, x-ray machine and ECG machines, were available in 96.6%, 93.1%, 24.2%, 20.7%, 17.2% of the health facilities respectively. In addition, essential investigations e.g. reagent for cholesterol, blood creatinine & blood urea kits, and reagent for uric acid test, were available in 20.7%, 31%, 62.1%, and 37.9% of the health facilities respectively. Only three out of 13 anti-hypertensive drugs included in the national drug list of primary health care level were available in the health facilities, and these were; Aspirin (86%), Furosemide (62%) and Atenolol (52%). Conclusion: There was a marked shortage in health care providers, only 0.5-physician per 10,000 populations, and 0.6 nurses per 10, 000 populations. Other resources were inadequate to provide quality services for hypertensive patients at the primary health care level.

Published in	Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27
Page(s)	138-141
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Care Providers, Training, Equipment, Investigations, Anti-hypertensive Drugs, National Guideline, Ambulance, Primary Health Care Facilities

References

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[2]	Federal Ministry of Health, SHHS 2010 chronic diseases.
[3]	Federal Ministry of Health, Annual health statistical report 2008.
[4]	Chobanian AV et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood pressure. Hypertension, 2003, 42: 1206–1252.
[5]	WHO Preventing chronic disease: a vital investment. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2005.
[6]	The World Health Report 2002: reducing risks, promoting healthy life. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2002.
[7]	Leeder S et al. A race against time: the challenge of cardiovascular disease in developing economies. New York, the Center for Global Health and Economic Development, 2004.
[8]	WHO Secondary prevention of non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries through community-based and health service interventions. Report of the Cambridge Meeting. World Health Organization and Well comeTrust, 2001.
[9]	WHO Cardiovascular disease prevention. Translating evidence into action. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2005.
[10]	WHO CVD risk management package for low-and medium-resource settings. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2002.
[11]	WHO Global strategy for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. Report by the Director General. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2000 (Document A53/14).
[12]	World Health Statistics 2012.
[13]	K. PARK, M. B. B. S., M. S., textbook of preventive and social medicine, eighteenth edition; M/s Banarsidas Bhanot; Publishers; 1167, Prem Nagar, Jabalpur, 482 001 (India), page 26, (able 4 selected health and socio-economic indicators.
[14]	Bodenheimer T, Wagner EH, Grumbach K. Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness: the chronic care model, part 2. JAMA. 2002; 288: 1909–1914.

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Naiema Abdalla Wagialla, Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri. (2017). The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan. Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care, 2(4), 138-141. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27

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ACS Style

Naiema Abdalla Wagialla; Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri. The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan. J. Fam. Med. Health Care 2017, 2(4), 138-141. doi: 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27

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AMA Style

Naiema Abdalla Wagialla, Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri. The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan. J Fam Med Health Care. 2017;2(4):138-141. doi: 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27

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@article{10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27,
  author = {Naiema Abdalla Wagialla and Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri},
  title = {The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan},
  journal = {Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {138-141},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfmhc.20160204.27},
  abstract = {Introduction: Hypertension is already a high prevalent risk factor for Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVDs) throughout the world due to prevalence of contributing modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and Hyperlipidemia. Worldwide hypertension estimated to cause 7.1 million premature death and 4.5% of disease burden (64 million disability adjusted life years (DALYs), it is eminently preventable, and this can be achieved by targeted life-related risk factors. Objective: To study the availability of resources needed for standard management of hypertension in Public Primary Health Care Facilities, in Sharg-Alneel locality, Khartoum State, aiming to generate information for establishing quality control program. Methodology: Facility- based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Sharg-Alneel locality, Khartoum State, Sudan. The study Population composed of 26 public primary health care facilities and 3 rural hospitals, and all health care providers available during the data collection period and they were 119 care providers. Standardized administered questionnaire and checklist were developed, pre-test and used for data collection. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 15. Results: Marked shortage in care providers (physicians and nurses), only 0.5-physician per10,000 populations, and 0.6 nurse per10,000 populations. In addition, 71.4% of the physician and 93.5% of other health care providers were not subjected to training on standard management of hypertension. Standard referral, reporting and recording systems, were not established yet, as well, hypertension health education materials and national hypertension guidelines were not available in all health facilities. Sphygmomanometer, adult weighing scale, ophthalmoscope, x-ray machine and ECG machines, were available in 96.6%, 93.1%, 24.2%, 20.7%, 17.2% of the health facilities respectively. In addition, essential investigations e.g. reagent for cholesterol, blood creatinine & blood urea kits, and reagent for uric acid test, were available in 20.7%, 31%, 62.1%, and 37.9% of the health facilities respectively. Only three out of 13 anti-hypertensive drugs included in the national drug list of primary health care level were available in the health facilities, and these were; Aspirin (86%), Furosemide (62%) and Atenolol (52%). Conclusion: There was a marked shortage in health care providers, only 0.5-physician per 10,000 populations, and 0.6 nurses per 10, 000 populations. Other resources were inadequate to provide quality services for hypertensive patients at the primary health care level.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan
AU  - Naiema Abdalla Wagialla
AU  - Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri
Y1  - 2017/01/12
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27
DO  - 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27
T2  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
JF  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
JO  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
SP  - 138
EP  - 141
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8342
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27
AB  - Introduction: Hypertension is already a high prevalent risk factor for Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVDs) throughout the world due to prevalence of contributing modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and Hyperlipidemia. Worldwide hypertension estimated to cause 7.1 million premature death and 4.5% of disease burden (64 million disability adjusted life years (DALYs), it is eminently preventable, and this can be achieved by targeted life-related risk factors. Objective: To study the availability of resources needed for standard management of hypertension in Public Primary Health Care Facilities, in Sharg-Alneel locality, Khartoum State, aiming to generate information for establishing quality control program. Methodology: Facility- based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Sharg-Alneel locality, Khartoum State, Sudan. The study Population composed of 26 public primary health care facilities and 3 rural hospitals, and all health care providers available during the data collection period and they were 119 care providers. Standardized administered questionnaire and checklist were developed, pre-test and used for data collection. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 15. Results: Marked shortage in care providers (physicians and nurses), only 0.5-physician per10,000 populations, and 0.6 nurse per10,000 populations. In addition, 71.4% of the physician and 93.5% of other health care providers were not subjected to training on standard management of hypertension. Standard referral, reporting and recording systems, were not established yet, as well, hypertension health education materials and national hypertension guidelines were not available in all health facilities. Sphygmomanometer, adult weighing scale, ophthalmoscope, x-ray machine and ECG machines, were available in 96.6%, 93.1%, 24.2%, 20.7%, 17.2% of the health facilities respectively. In addition, essential investigations e.g. reagent for cholesterol, blood creatinine & blood urea kits, and reagent for uric acid test, were available in 20.7%, 31%, 62.1%, and 37.9% of the health facilities respectively. Only three out of 13 anti-hypertensive drugs included in the national drug list of primary health care level were available in the health facilities, and these were; Aspirin (86%), Furosemide (62%) and Atenolol (52%). Conclusion: There was a marked shortage in health care providers, only 0.5-physician per 10,000 populations, and 0.6 nurses per 10, 000 populations. Other resources were inadequate to provide quality services for hypertensive patients at the primary health care level.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Naiema Abdalla Wagialla

Community Medicine, Non-communicable Disease Directorate, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Elneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Naiema Abdalla Wagialla, Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri. (2017). The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan. Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care, 2(4), 138-141. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27

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ACS Style

Naiema Abdalla Wagialla; Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri. The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan. J. Fam. Med. Health Care 2017, 2(4), 138-141. doi: 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27

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AMA Style

Naiema Abdalla Wagialla, Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri. The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan. J Fam Med Health Care. 2017;2(4):138-141. doi: 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27,
  author = {Naiema Abdalla Wagialla and Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri},
  title = {The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan},
  journal = {Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {138-141},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfmhc.20160204.27},
  abstract = {Introduction: Hypertension is already a high prevalent risk factor for Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVDs) throughout the world due to prevalence of contributing modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and Hyperlipidemia. Worldwide hypertension estimated to cause 7.1 million premature death and 4.5% of disease burden (64 million disability adjusted life years (DALYs), it is eminently preventable, and this can be achieved by targeted life-related risk factors. Objective: To study the availability of resources needed for standard management of hypertension in Public Primary Health Care Facilities, in Sharg-Alneel locality, Khartoum State, aiming to generate information for establishing quality control program. Methodology: Facility- based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Sharg-Alneel locality, Khartoum State, Sudan. The study Population composed of 26 public primary health care facilities and 3 rural hospitals, and all health care providers available during the data collection period and they were 119 care providers. Standardized administered questionnaire and checklist were developed, pre-test and used for data collection. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 15. Results: Marked shortage in care providers (physicians and nurses), only 0.5-physician per10,000 populations, and 0.6 nurse per10,000 populations. In addition, 71.4% of the physician and 93.5% of other health care providers were not subjected to training on standard management of hypertension. Standard referral, reporting and recording systems, were not established yet, as well, hypertension health education materials and national hypertension guidelines were not available in all health facilities. Sphygmomanometer, adult weighing scale, ophthalmoscope, x-ray machine and ECG machines, were available in 96.6%, 93.1%, 24.2%, 20.7%, 17.2% of the health facilities respectively. In addition, essential investigations e.g. reagent for cholesterol, blood creatinine & blood urea kits, and reagent for uric acid test, were available in 20.7%, 31%, 62.1%, and 37.9% of the health facilities respectively. Only three out of 13 anti-hypertensive drugs included in the national drug list of primary health care level were available in the health facilities, and these were; Aspirin (86%), Furosemide (62%) and Atenolol (52%). Conclusion: There was a marked shortage in health care providers, only 0.5-physician per 10,000 populations, and 0.6 nurses per 10, 000 populations. Other resources were inadequate to provide quality services for hypertensive patients at the primary health care level.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Availability of Resources for Standard Management of Hypertension at Public Primary Health Care Facilities, Shargelneel Locality-Khartoum State-Sudan
AU  - Naiema Abdalla Wagialla
AU  - Mustafa Khidir Mustafa Elnimeiri
Y1  - 2017/01/12
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27
DO  - 10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27
T2  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
JF  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
JO  - Journal of Family Medicine and Health Care
SP  - 138
EP  - 141
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8342
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfmhc.20160204.27
AB  - Introduction: Hypertension is already a high prevalent risk factor for Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVDs) throughout the world due to prevalence of contributing modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and Hyperlipidemia. Worldwide hypertension estimated to cause 7.1 million premature death and 4.5% of disease burden (64 million disability adjusted life years (DALYs), it is eminently preventable, and this can be achieved by targeted life-related risk factors. Objective: To study the availability of resources needed for standard management of hypertension in Public Primary Health Care Facilities, in Sharg-Alneel locality, Khartoum State, aiming to generate information for establishing quality control program. Methodology: Facility- based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Sharg-Alneel locality, Khartoum State, Sudan. The study Population composed of 26 public primary health care facilities and 3 rural hospitals, and all health care providers available during the data collection period and they were 119 care providers. Standardized administered questionnaire and checklist were developed, pre-test and used for data collection. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 15. Results: Marked shortage in care providers (physicians and nurses), only 0.5-physician per10,000 populations, and 0.6 nurse per10,000 populations. In addition, 71.4% of the physician and 93.5% of other health care providers were not subjected to training on standard management of hypertension. Standard referral, reporting and recording systems, were not established yet, as well, hypertension health education materials and national hypertension guidelines were not available in all health facilities. Sphygmomanometer, adult weighing scale, ophthalmoscope, x-ray machine and ECG machines, were available in 96.6%, 93.1%, 24.2%, 20.7%, 17.2% of the health facilities respectively. In addition, essential investigations e.g. reagent for cholesterol, blood creatinine & blood urea kits, and reagent for uric acid test, were available in 20.7%, 31%, 62.1%, and 37.9% of the health facilities respectively. Only three out of 13 anti-hypertensive drugs included in the national drug list of primary health care level were available in the health facilities, and these were; Aspirin (86%), Furosemide (62%) and Atenolol (52%). Conclusion: There was a marked shortage in health care providers, only 0.5-physician per 10,000 populations, and 0.6 nurses per 10, 000 populations. Other resources were inadequate to provide quality services for hypertensive patients at the primary health care level.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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