Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1

Ibe Kevin Eiogu; Uche Ibeneme; Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara

doi:doi:10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11

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Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1

Ibe Kevin Eiogu, Uche Ibeneme, Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara

Published in American Journal of Nano Research and Applications (Volume 8, Issue 4)

Received: 5 December 2020 Accepted: 14 December 2020 Published: 30 January 2021

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Abstract

X-Ray Diffraction XRD method was used to identify six PET polymers samples collected from different dump sites around the city, they were washed crushed and characterised and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was carried out on the samples for identification and the results were compared with literature. The diffractogram finger print patterns generated by the samples were studied and informed discussions were made. The XRD analysis showed that six samples of the PET polymer studied showed triclinic crystalline structure, the samples showed an average specific gravity of 1.33 and their 2θ₃ Max Peaks fell within 24-27. In addition the ACD (Å) was ≈0.5, ≈4.99, ≈4.99, ≈4.98, ≈4.97and 4.96 for PET polymer samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. The FWHM was 0.5, 0.51, 0.52, 0.52, 0.53, and 0.54 for PET polymer samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. These results were consistent with the studies of previous researchers. While the XRD analysis is a good tool that can be used to identify the PET polymers it cannot however, be able to differentiate between PET polymers that are identically similar and produced from different sources, more characterization method may still have to be deployed to overcome these challenges.

Published in	American Journal of Nano Research and Applications (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11
Page(s)	58-62
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

2θ Max Peak, Average Crystalline Dimension (ACD) Å, Percent (%) Crystallinity, PET Identification, X-ray Difraction (XRD) Analysis

References

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APA Style

Ibe Kevin Eiogu, Uche Ibeneme, Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara. (2021). Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1. American Journal of Nano Research and Applications, 8(4), 58-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11

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ACS Style

Ibe Kevin Eiogu; Uche Ibeneme; Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara. Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1. Am. J. Nano Res. Appl. 2021, 8(4), 58-62. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11

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AMA Style

Ibe Kevin Eiogu, Uche Ibeneme, Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara. Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1. Am J Nano Res Appl. 2021;8(4):58-62. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11

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@article{10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11,
  author = {Ibe Kevin Eiogu and Uche Ibeneme and Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara},
  title = {Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1},
  journal = {American Journal of Nano Research and Applications},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {58-62},
  doi = {10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.nano.20200804.11},
  abstract = {X-Ray Diffraction XRD method was used to identify six PET polymers samples collected from different dump sites around the city, they were washed crushed and characterised and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was carried out on the samples for identification and the results were compared with literature. The diffractogram finger print patterns generated by the samples were studied and informed discussions were made. The XRD analysis showed that six samples of the PET polymer studied showed triclinic crystalline structure, the samples showed an average specific gravity of 1.33 and their 2θ3 Max Peaks fell within 24-27. In addition the ACD (Å) was ≈0.5, ≈4.99, ≈4.99, ≈4.98, ≈4.97and 4.96 for PET polymer samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. The FWHM was 0.5, 0.51, 0.52, 0.52, 0.53, and 0.54 for PET polymer samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. These results were consistent with the studies of previous researchers. While the XRD analysis is a good tool that can be used to identify the PET polymers it cannot however, be able to differentiate between PET polymers that are identically similar and produced from different sources, more characterization method may still have to be deployed to overcome these challenges.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1
AU  - Ibe Kevin Eiogu
AU  - Uche Ibeneme
AU  - Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara
Y1  - 2021/01/30
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11
T2  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
JF  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
JO  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
SP  - 58
EP  - 62
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3738
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11
AB  - X-Ray Diffraction XRD method was used to identify six PET polymers samples collected from different dump sites around the city, they were washed crushed and characterised and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was carried out on the samples for identification and the results were compared with literature. The diffractogram finger print patterns generated by the samples were studied and informed discussions were made. The XRD analysis showed that six samples of the PET polymer studied showed triclinic crystalline structure, the samples showed an average specific gravity of 1.33 and their 2θ3 Max Peaks fell within 24-27. In addition the ACD (Å) was ≈0.5, ≈4.99, ≈4.99, ≈4.98, ≈4.97and 4.96 for PET polymer samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. The FWHM was 0.5, 0.51, 0.52, 0.52, 0.53, and 0.54 for PET polymer samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. These results were consistent with the studies of previous researchers. While the XRD analysis is a good tool that can be used to identify the PET polymers it cannot however, be able to differentiate between PET polymers that are identically similar and produced from different sources, more characterization method may still have to be deployed to overcome these challenges.
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Ibe Kevin Eiogu

Department of Polymer Technology, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria, Nigeria
Uche Ibeneme

Department of Polymer Technology, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria, Nigeria
Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara

Department of Polymer Technology, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria, Nigeria

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APA Style

Ibe Kevin Eiogu, Uche Ibeneme, Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara. (2021). Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1. American Journal of Nano Research and Applications, 8(4), 58-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11

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ACS Style

Ibe Kevin Eiogu; Uche Ibeneme; Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara. Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1. Am. J. Nano Res. Appl. 2021, 8(4), 58-62. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11

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AMA Style

Ibe Kevin Eiogu, Uche Ibeneme, Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara. Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1. Am J Nano Res Appl. 2021;8(4):58-62. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11

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@article{10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11,
  author = {Ibe Kevin Eiogu and Uche Ibeneme and Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara},
  title = {Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1},
  journal = {American Journal of Nano Research and Applications},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {58-62},
  doi = {10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.nano.20200804.11},
  abstract = {X-Ray Diffraction XRD method was used to identify six PET polymers samples collected from different dump sites around the city, they were washed crushed and characterised and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was carried out on the samples for identification and the results were compared with literature. The diffractogram finger print patterns generated by the samples were studied and informed discussions were made. The XRD analysis showed that six samples of the PET polymer studied showed triclinic crystalline structure, the samples showed an average specific gravity of 1.33 and their 2θ3 Max Peaks fell within 24-27. In addition the ACD (Å) was ≈0.5, ≈4.99, ≈4.99, ≈4.98, ≈4.97and 4.96 for PET polymer samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. The FWHM was 0.5, 0.51, 0.52, 0.52, 0.53, and 0.54 for PET polymer samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. These results were consistent with the studies of previous researchers. While the XRD analysis is a good tool that can be used to identify the PET polymers it cannot however, be able to differentiate between PET polymers that are identically similar and produced from different sources, more characterization method may still have to be deployed to overcome these challenges.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1
AU  - Ibe Kevin Eiogu
AU  - Uche Ibeneme
AU  - Olukemi Mosunmade Aiyejagbara
Y1  - 2021/01/30
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11
T2  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
JF  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
JO  - American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
SP  - 58
EP  - 62
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3738
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.nano.20200804.11
AB  - X-Ray Diffraction XRD method was used to identify six PET polymers samples collected from different dump sites around the city, they were washed crushed and characterised and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was carried out on the samples for identification and the results were compared with literature. The diffractogram finger print patterns generated by the samples were studied and informed discussions were made. The XRD analysis showed that six samples of the PET polymer studied showed triclinic crystalline structure, the samples showed an average specific gravity of 1.33 and their 2θ3 Max Peaks fell within 24-27. In addition the ACD (Å) was ≈0.5, ≈4.99, ≈4.99, ≈4.98, ≈4.97and 4.96 for PET polymer samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. The FWHM was 0.5, 0.51, 0.52, 0.52, 0.53, and 0.54 for PET polymer samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. These results were consistent with the studies of previous researchers. While the XRD analysis is a good tool that can be used to identify the PET polymers it cannot however, be able to differentiate between PET polymers that are identically similar and produced from different sources, more characterization method may still have to be deployed to overcome these challenges.
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
ER  -

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