Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital

Hafsa Sohail; Maqsood Ahmed Khan; Aslam Solangi; Shazia Alam; Mehwish Murad Ali; Muhammad Gulraiz

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20

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Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital

Hafsa Sohail, Maqsood Ahmed Khan, Aslam Solangi, Shazia Alam, Mehwish Murad Ali, Muhammad Gulraiz

Published in Science Journal of Clinical Medicine (Volume 10, Issue 4)

Received: 26 October 2021 Accepted: 22 November 2021 Published: 10 December 2021

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Abstract

Complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) impose a high burden on healthcare systems and are a frequent cause of hospitalization. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common illness affecting both males and females in almost all age groups. The objective was to determine the prescription pattern of antibiotics and cost of fluoroquinolones antibiotics in patients of UTI (pyelonephritis). We finalized the most significant 66 pyelonephritis patient’s documents. All the information, related to the prescription cost of fluoroquinolones of antibiotics needed to treat the disease was arranged. Patient medication record was obtained from the patients’ medical file, and added with the unit cost of services obtained from the hospital record mainly medication, to determine the prescription cost. Concomitant medication and medication of complications was not recorded. All costs were calculated in Pakistani rupees and in US dollar (average exchange rate in year 2018 was 1US$=121.574 PkRs. The most commonly prescribed fluoroquinolone in our study for the treatment of pyelonephritis was ciprofloxacin. Average highest Cost of antibiotic combination of ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin was PKRs 8650 ($71.150) and the average least antibiotic cost for treating pyelonephritis was PKRs1008 ($8.291) with the combination of ceftriaxone 500gm/ciprofloxacin 400mg oral. The average flouroquinolones prescription cost per hospitalized case of UTI (Pyelonephritis) varied from case to case, depending upon the type and combination of antibiotics used. A better knowledge of the reasons for variations in length of stays could facilitate a better standardised quality of care for patients with UTI (Pylonephritis) and allow a more efficient allocation of healthcare resources.

Published in	Science Journal of Clinical Medicine (Volume 10, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20
Page(s)	138-142
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Antibiotics, Flouroquinolones, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Prescription Cost

References

[1]	Brar, R. K., Jyoti, U., Patil, R. K. and Patil, H. C., 2020. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics: An overview. Adesh University Journal of Medical Sciences & Research, 2 (1), pp. 26-30.
[2]	Czaja, C. A., Scholes, D., Hooton, T. M. and Stamm, W. E., 2007. Population-based epidemiologic analysis of acute pyelonephritis. Clinical infectious diseases, 45 (3), pp. 273-280.
[3]	Dhodi, D. K., Jaiswar, S., Bhagat, S. B. and Gambre, R. S., 2014. study to evaluate prescribing pattern of antibiotics among patients of urinary tract infection with preexisting renal disorders in a tertiary care hospital. IJBCP 3 (4), PP. 687-691.
[4]	Flores-Mireles, A. L., Walker, J. N., Caparon, M. and Hultgren, S. J., 2015. Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options. Nature reviews microbiology, 13 (5), pp. 269-284.
[5]	Foxman, B., Klemstine, K. L. and Brown, P. D., 2003. Acute pyelonephritis in US hospitals in 1997: hospitalization and in-hospital mortality. Annals of epidemiology, 13 (2), pp. 144-150.
[6]	Gupta, Kalpana, Thomas M. Hooton, Kurt G. Naber, Björn Wullt, Richard Colgan, Loren G. Miller, Gregory J. Moran et al. "International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: a 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases." Clinical infectious diseases 52, no. 5 (2011): e103-e120.
[7]	Haugom, L. E. A., Ruths, S., Emberland, K. E., Eliassen, K. E. R., Rortveit, G. and Wensaas, K. A., 2021. Consultations and antibiotic treatment for urinary tract infections in Norwegian primary care 2006–2015, a registry-based study. BMC family practice, 22 (1), pp. 1-12.
[8]	Mahesh, E., Ramesh, D., Indumathi, V. A., Punith, K., Kirthi, R. and Anupama, H. A., 2010. Complicated urinary tract infection in a tertiary care center in South India. Al Ameen Journal of Medical Sciences, 3 (2), pp. 120-127.
[9]	McKinnell, J. A., Stollenwerk, N. S., Jung, C. W. and Miller, L. G., 2011, June. Nitrofurantoin compares favorably to recommended agents as empirical treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in a decision and cost analysis. In Mayo Clinic Proceedings (Vol. 86, No. 6, pp. 480-488). Elsevier.
[10]	Muraraiah, S., Rajarathna, K. and Rahman, F. U., 2012. Jayanthi. Prescribing pattern in complicated urinary tract infections at tertiary care hospital. J. Chem. Pharm. Res, 4 (2), pp. 1222-30.
[11]	Rafat, C., Debrix, I. and Hertig, A., 2013. Levofloxacin for the treatment of pyelonephritis. Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 14 (9), pp. 1241-1253.
[12]	Scholes, D., Hooton, T. M., Roberts, P. L., Gupta, K., Stapleton, A. E. and Stamm, W. E., 2005. Risk factors associated with acute pyelonephritis in healthy women. Annals of internal medicine, 14 (1), pp. 20-27.
[13]	Stamm, W. E. and Norby, S. R., 2001. Urinary Tract Infection Disease: Phenomena and Challenges. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 183 (1), pp. 51-54.
[14]	Sokhal, A. K., Kumar, M., Purkait, B., Jhanwar, A., Singh, K., Bansal, A. and Sankhwar, S., 2017. Emphysematous pyelonephritis: changing trend of clinical spectrum, pathogenesis, management and outcome. Turkish journal of urology, 43 (2), p. 202.

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Hafsa Sohail, Maqsood Ahmed Khan, Aslam Solangi, Shazia Alam, Mehwish Murad Ali, et al. (2021). Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(4), 138-142. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20

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ACS Style

Hafsa Sohail; Maqsood Ahmed Khan; Aslam Solangi; Shazia Alam; Mehwish Murad Ali, et al. Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital. Sci. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(4), 138-142. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20

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AMA Style

Hafsa Sohail, Maqsood Ahmed Khan, Aslam Solangi, Shazia Alam, Mehwish Murad Ali, et al. Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital. Sci J Clin Med. 2021;10(4):138-142. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20

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@article{10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20,
  author = {Hafsa Sohail and Maqsood Ahmed Khan and Aslam Solangi and Shazia Alam and Mehwish Murad Ali and Muhammad Gulraiz},
  title = {Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital},
  journal = {Science Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {138-142},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20211004.20},
  abstract = {Complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) impose a high burden on healthcare systems and are a frequent cause of hospitalization. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common illness affecting both males and females in almost all age groups. The objective was to determine the prescription pattern of antibiotics and cost of fluoroquinolones antibiotics in patients of UTI (pyelonephritis). We finalized the most significant 66 pyelonephritis patient’s documents. All the information, related to the prescription cost of fluoroquinolones of antibiotics needed to treat the disease was arranged. Patient medication record was obtained from the patients’ medical file, and added with the unit cost of services obtained from the hospital record mainly medication, to determine the prescription cost. Concomitant medication and medication of complications was not recorded. All costs were calculated in Pakistani rupees and in US dollar (average exchange rate in year 2018 was 1US$=121.574 PkRs. The most commonly prescribed fluoroquinolone in our study for the treatment of pyelonephritis was ciprofloxacin. Average highest Cost of antibiotic combination of ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin was PKRs 8650 ($71.150) and the average least antibiotic cost for treating pyelonephritis was PKRs1008 ($8.291) with the combination of ceftriaxone 500gm/ciprofloxacin 400mg oral. The average flouroquinolones prescription cost per hospitalized case of UTI (Pyelonephritis) varied from case to case, depending upon the type and combination of antibiotics used. A better knowledge of the reasons for variations in length of stays could facilitate a better standardised quality of care for patients with UTI (Pylonephritis) and allow a more efficient allocation of healthcare resources.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital
AU  - Hafsa Sohail
AU  - Maqsood Ahmed Khan
AU  - Aslam Solangi
AU  - Shazia Alam
AU  - Mehwish Murad Ali
AU  - Muhammad Gulraiz
Y1  - 2021/12/10
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20
T2  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JO  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
SP  - 138
EP  - 142
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2732
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20
AB  - Complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) impose a high burden on healthcare systems and are a frequent cause of hospitalization. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common illness affecting both males and females in almost all age groups. The objective was to determine the prescription pattern of antibiotics and cost of fluoroquinolones antibiotics in patients of UTI (pyelonephritis). We finalized the most significant 66 pyelonephritis patient’s documents. All the information, related to the prescription cost of fluoroquinolones of antibiotics needed to treat the disease was arranged. Patient medication record was obtained from the patients’ medical file, and added with the unit cost of services obtained from the hospital record mainly medication, to determine the prescription cost. Concomitant medication and medication of complications was not recorded. All costs were calculated in Pakistani rupees and in US dollar (average exchange rate in year 2018 was 1US$=121.574 PkRs. The most commonly prescribed fluoroquinolone in our study for the treatment of pyelonephritis was ciprofloxacin. Average highest Cost of antibiotic combination of ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin was PKRs 8650 ($71.150) and the average least antibiotic cost for treating pyelonephritis was PKRs1008 ($8.291) with the combination of ceftriaxone 500gm/ciprofloxacin 400mg oral. The average flouroquinolones prescription cost per hospitalized case of UTI (Pyelonephritis) varied from case to case, depending upon the type and combination of antibiotics used. A better knowledge of the reasons for variations in length of stays could facilitate a better standardised quality of care for patients with UTI (Pylonephritis) and allow a more efficient allocation of healthcare resources.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Hafsa Sohail

Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
Maqsood Ahmed Khan

Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
Aslam Solangi

Faculty of Pharmacy, Sindh University Jamshoro, Jamshoro, Pakistan
Shazia Alam

Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
Mehwish Murad Ali

Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
Muhammad Gulraiz

Child Life Foundation Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

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APA Style

Hafsa Sohail, Maqsood Ahmed Khan, Aslam Solangi, Shazia Alam, Mehwish Murad Ali, et al. (2021). Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(4), 138-142. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20

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ACS Style

Hafsa Sohail; Maqsood Ahmed Khan; Aslam Solangi; Shazia Alam; Mehwish Murad Ali, et al. Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital. Sci. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(4), 138-142. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20

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AMA Style

Hafsa Sohail, Maqsood Ahmed Khan, Aslam Solangi, Shazia Alam, Mehwish Murad Ali, et al. Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital. Sci J Clin Med. 2021;10(4):138-142. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20,
  author = {Hafsa Sohail and Maqsood Ahmed Khan and Aslam Solangi and Shazia Alam and Mehwish Murad Ali and Muhammad Gulraiz},
  title = {Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital},
  journal = {Science Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {138-142},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20211004.20},
  abstract = {Complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) impose a high burden on healthcare systems and are a frequent cause of hospitalization. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common illness affecting both males and females in almost all age groups. The objective was to determine the prescription pattern of antibiotics and cost of fluoroquinolones antibiotics in patients of UTI (pyelonephritis). We finalized the most significant 66 pyelonephritis patient’s documents. All the information, related to the prescription cost of fluoroquinolones of antibiotics needed to treat the disease was arranged. Patient medication record was obtained from the patients’ medical file, and added with the unit cost of services obtained from the hospital record mainly medication, to determine the prescription cost. Concomitant medication and medication of complications was not recorded. All costs were calculated in Pakistani rupees and in US dollar (average exchange rate in year 2018 was 1US$=121.574 PkRs. The most commonly prescribed fluoroquinolone in our study for the treatment of pyelonephritis was ciprofloxacin. Average highest Cost of antibiotic combination of ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin was PKRs 8650 ($71.150) and the average least antibiotic cost for treating pyelonephritis was PKRs1008 ($8.291) with the combination of ceftriaxone 500gm/ciprofloxacin 400mg oral. The average flouroquinolones prescription cost per hospitalized case of UTI (Pyelonephritis) varied from case to case, depending upon the type and combination of antibiotics used. A better knowledge of the reasons for variations in length of stays could facilitate a better standardised quality of care for patients with UTI (Pylonephritis) and allow a more efficient allocation of healthcare resources.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prescribing Pattern and Cost of Fluoroquinolones in Pyelonephritis Patients Hospitalized in Tertiary Care Hospital
AU  - Hafsa Sohail
AU  - Maqsood Ahmed Khan
AU  - Aslam Solangi
AU  - Shazia Alam
AU  - Mehwish Murad Ali
AU  - Muhammad Gulraiz
Y1  - 2021/12/10
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20
T2  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JO  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
SP  - 138
EP  - 142
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2732
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20211004.20
AB  - Complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) impose a high burden on healthcare systems and are a frequent cause of hospitalization. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common illness affecting both males and females in almost all age groups. The objective was to determine the prescription pattern of antibiotics and cost of fluoroquinolones antibiotics in patients of UTI (pyelonephritis). We finalized the most significant 66 pyelonephritis patient’s documents. All the information, related to the prescription cost of fluoroquinolones of antibiotics needed to treat the disease was arranged. Patient medication record was obtained from the patients’ medical file, and added with the unit cost of services obtained from the hospital record mainly medication, to determine the prescription cost. Concomitant medication and medication of complications was not recorded. All costs were calculated in Pakistani rupees and in US dollar (average exchange rate in year 2018 was 1US$=121.574 PkRs. The most commonly prescribed fluoroquinolone in our study for the treatment of pyelonephritis was ciprofloxacin. Average highest Cost of antibiotic combination of ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin was PKRs 8650 ($71.150) and the average least antibiotic cost for treating pyelonephritis was PKRs1008 ($8.291) with the combination of ceftriaxone 500gm/ciprofloxacin 400mg oral. The average flouroquinolones prescription cost per hospitalized case of UTI (Pyelonephritis) varied from case to case, depending upon the type and combination of antibiotics used. A better knowledge of the reasons for variations in length of stays could facilitate a better standardised quality of care for patients with UTI (Pylonephritis) and allow a more efficient allocation of healthcare resources.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

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