Ayurveda is of the view that every individual has characteristic voice depending upon the doshik predominance of his body constitution. In a book called, Yogaratnakara, the characteristics of voice of Vataj, Pittaj and Kaphaj body constitutions have been mentioned. Acharya Charaka, in Indriyasthana of his treatise ‘Charak Samhita’ had described the characteristics of normal and abnormal voice based on animal models of sound. The various sound produced in the body are used as tools in the diagnosis of disease by Ayurvedic acharyas. Acharya Charaka, in Vimansthana, had asked to examine the bowel sounds, joint crepitation and other peculiar sounds produced in the body such as cough and hiccups to diagnose the particular disease condition of particular system. Apart from this, ancient Ayurvedic scholars have described the typical sound produced in various disease conditions such as Tamak shwasa (Bronchial Asthma) causing audible wheeze. Maha Shwasa (Kussmaul’s breathing) causing loud audible wheeze. Krukaj Kasa (Whooping cough) causing characteristic Whoop sound, Swarabheda (Laryngeal disease) causing hoarseness of voice. Apatantraka & Apatanaka (Tetanus) causing laryngeal stridor with loud audible wheeze. Sangrahani & Ghati Yantra (IBS) causing abdominal gurgling. Pandu (Anemia) causing tachycardia. These qualitative acoustic differences of cough could be well picked up by the trained physicians. Attempts to record the cough sound digitally and to analyse it on computer software are being going on across the globe. Examination of waveforms and spectrograms related to coughing as obtained from computerized respiratory sound analysis should hold a future acoustic based laboratory diagnosis of cough. It is observed and concluded that sound examination can be used as tool to diagnose the disease and body phenotype as mentioned in Ayurveda.
| Published in | Science Journal of Clinical Medicine (Volume 11, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.sjcm.20221103.11 |
| Page(s) | 57-62 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Shrawan, Auscultation, Shwasa, Kasa
| [1] | Laxmipati Shastri, Yoga Ratnakara of Nyaychandrashekhar, Shabda Pariksha, 7th edition, published by Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi – 221001, 2002, pg. 13. |
| [2] | Vidyadhar Shukla, Ravidutta Tripathi, Charaksamhita of acharya Charak and Agnivesha, Indriyasthana 1/15, hindi translation, 1st edition, reprint, published by Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, 4360/4, ansari road, Daryaganj, New Delhi – 110 002, 2019, pg. 815. |
| [3] | Laxmipati Shastri, Yoga Ratnakara of Nyaychandrashekhar, Roginam Ashtasthanan Nirikshanam, 7th edition, published by Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi – 221001, 2002, pg. 5. |
| [4] | Yadavji Trikamji, Charak Samhita of acharya Agnivesha and Charaka with ‘Ayurved Dipika’ sanskrit commentary by Chakrapani, Vimansthana 4/7 published by Chaukhamba Publication, Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001, 2007, pg. 248. |
| [5] | Vd. Atrideva, Sushruta Samhita of acharya Sushruta, Sutrasthana 10/5 hindi translation, 5th edition, published by Motilal Banarasidas, Jawahar Nagar, Banglo rd, New Delhi – 110 007, 1975, pg. 35. |
| [6] | Sudarshanshastri, B. N. Upadhyaya, Madhav Nidan of Madhavakara with ‘Atank Darpan commentary by Vachaspati Mishra and ‘Madhukosh’ commentary by Vijayrakshit, 12/12, 20th edition, published by Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication, Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001, 1993, pg. 288. |
| [7] | Sudarshanshastri, B. N. Upadhyaya, Madhav Nidan of Madhavakara with ‘Atank Darpan commentary by Vachaspati Mishra and ‘Madhukosh’ commentary by Vijayrakshit, 11/12, 20th edition, published by Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication, Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001, 1993, pg. 278. |
| [8] | Vd. Atrideva, Sushruta Samhita of acharya Sushruta, Uttartantra 41/19, hindi translation, 5th edition, published by Motilal Banarasidas, Jawahar Nagar, Banglo rd, New Delhi – 110 007, 1975, pg. 713. |
| [9] | Sudarshanshastri, B. N. Upadhyaya, Madhav Nidan of Madhavakara with ‘Atank Darpan commentary by Vachaspati Mishra and ‘Madhukosh’ commentary by Vijayrakshit, 11/11, 20th edition, published by Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication, Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001, 1993, pg. 277. |
| [10] | Sudarshanshastri, B. N. Upadhyaya, Madhav Nidan of Madhavakara with ‘Atank Darpan commentary by Vachaspati Mishra and ‘Madhukosh’ commentary by Vijayrakshit, 12/28, 20th edition, published by Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication, Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001, 1993, pg. 296. |
| [11] | Acharya Vidyadhar Shukla, Ravidutta Tripathi, ‘Charaksamhita of acharya Charak and Agnivesha, Chikitsasthana 17/46, hindi translation, 1st edition, reprint, published by Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, 4360/4, ansari road, Daryaganj, New Delhi – 110 002, 2019, pg. 423. |
| [12] | Sudarshanshastri, B. N. Upadhyaya, Madhav Nidan of Madhavakara with ‘Atank Darpan commentary by Vachaspati Mishra and ‘Madhukosh’ commentary by Vijayrakshit, 13/2, 20th edition, published by Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication, Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001, 1993, pg. 304. |
| [13] | Vd. Atrideva, Sushruta Samhita of acharya Sushruta, Uttartantra 53/6, hindi translation, 5th edition, published by Motilal Banarasidas, Jawahar Nagar, Banglo rd, New Delhi – 110 007, 1975, pg. 768. |
| [14] | Vd. Atrideva, Sushruta Samhita of acharya Sushruta, sharirsthana, Sharirsthana 6/27, hindi translation, 5th edition, published by Motilal Banarasidas, Jawahar Nagar, Banglo rd, New Delhi – 110 007, 1975, pg. 330. |
| [15] | Acharya Vidyadhar Shukla, Ravidutta Tripathi, ‘Charaksamhita of acharya Charak and Agnivesha, Chikitsasthana 16/12, hindi translation, 1st edition, reprint, published by Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, 4360/4, ansari road, Daryaganj, New Delhi – 110 002, 2019, pg. 397. |
| [16] | Sudarshanshastri,, B. N. Upadhyaya, Madhav Nidan of Madhavakara with ‘Atank Darpan commentary by Vachaspati Mishra and ‘Madhukosh’ commentary by Vijayrakshit, 4/17, 20th edition, published by Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication, Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001, pg. 171. |
| [17] | Vd. Atrideva, Sushruta Samhita of acharya Sushruta, Nidansthana 1/88, hindi translation, 5th edition, published by Motilal Banarasidas, Jawahar Nagar, Banglo rd, New Delhi – 110 007, 1975, pg. 233. |
| [18] | Sudarshanshastri, B. N. Upadhyaya, Madhav Nidan of Madhavakara with ‘Atank Darpan commentary by Vachaspati Mishra and ‘Madhukosh’ commentary by Vijayrakshit, 22/30, 20th edition, published by Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication, Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001, 1993, pg. 422. |
| [19] | Sudarshanshastri, B. N. Upadhyaya, Madhav Nidan of Madhavakara with ‘Atank Darpan commentary by Vachaspati Mishra and ‘Madhukosh’ commentary by Vijayrakshit, 22/46, 20th edition, published by Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication, Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001, 1993, pg. 431. |
| [20] | Vd. Atrideva, Sushruta Samhita of acharya Sushruta, Nidansthana 1/70, hindi translation, 5th edition, published by Motilal Banarasidas, Jawahar Nagar, Banglo rd, New Delhi – 110 007, 1975, pg. 231. |
| [21] | Sudarshanshastri, B. N. Upadhyaya, Madhav Nidan of Madhavakara with ‘Atank Darpan commentary by Vachaspati Mishra and ‘Madhukosh’ commentary by Vijayrakshit, 22/65, 20th edition, published by Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication, Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001, 1993, pg. 444. |
| [22] | Binodlal Sen, Ayurved Vijnana, Vo. 1, Sutrasthan 49, published by Vasu Publications, Shaktinagar, Delhi-110007, 2012, pg. 226. |
| [23] | Acharya Vidyadhar Shukla, Ravidutta Tripathi, ‘Charaksamhita of acharya Charak and Agnivesha, Chikitsasthana 13/25, hindi translation, 1st edition, reprint, published by Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, 4360/4, ansari road, Daryaganj, New Delhi – 110 002, 2019, pg. 294. |
| [24] | Acharya Vidyadhar Shukla, Ravidutta Tripathi, ‘Charaksamhita of acharya Charak and Agnivesha, Chikitsasthana 13/48, hindi translation, 1st edition, reprint, published by Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, 4360/4, ansari road, Daryaganj, New Delhi – 110 002, 2019, pg. 299. |
| [25] | Jaclyn A Smith, H. Louise Ashurst, The description of cough sounds by health professionals, Cough 2006, 2: 1 [PMID: 16436200]. |
| [26] | J Korpas et al., Pulm Pharmacol, Analysis of the cough sound, Oct-Dec 1996; 9 (5-6): 261-8 [PMID: 9232662]. |
APA Style
Subhash Waghe. (2022). Critical Evaluation of Ayurvedic Shabda Pariksha (Auscultation) in Diagnosis of Diseases WSR to Disease Kasa (Cough). Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(3), 57-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20221103.11
ACS Style
Subhash Waghe. Critical Evaluation of Ayurvedic Shabda Pariksha (Auscultation) in Diagnosis of Diseases WSR to Disease Kasa (Cough). Sci. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(3), 57-62. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20221103.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.sjcm.20221103.11,
author = {Subhash Waghe},
title = {Critical Evaluation of Ayurvedic Shabda Pariksha (Auscultation) in Diagnosis of Diseases WSR to Disease Kasa (Cough)},
journal = {Science Journal of Clinical Medicine},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {57-62},
doi = {10.11648/j.sjcm.20221103.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20221103.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20221103.11},
abstract = {Ayurveda is of the view that every individual has characteristic voice depending upon the doshik predominance of his body constitution. In a book called, Yogaratnakara, the characteristics of voice of Vataj, Pittaj and Kaphaj body constitutions have been mentioned. Acharya Charaka, in Indriyasthana of his treatise ‘Charak Samhita’ had described the characteristics of normal and abnormal voice based on animal models of sound. The various sound produced in the body are used as tools in the diagnosis of disease by Ayurvedic acharyas. Acharya Charaka, in Vimansthana, had asked to examine the bowel sounds, joint crepitation and other peculiar sounds produced in the body such as cough and hiccups to diagnose the particular disease condition of particular system. Apart from this, ancient Ayurvedic scholars have described the typical sound produced in various disease conditions such as Tamak shwasa (Bronchial Asthma) causing audible wheeze. Maha Shwasa (Kussmaul’s breathing) causing loud audible wheeze. Krukaj Kasa (Whooping cough) causing characteristic Whoop sound, Swarabheda (Laryngeal disease) causing hoarseness of voice. Apatantraka & Apatanaka (Tetanus) causing laryngeal stridor with loud audible wheeze. Sangrahani & Ghati Yantra (IBS) causing abdominal gurgling. Pandu (Anemia) causing tachycardia. These qualitative acoustic differences of cough could be well picked up by the trained physicians. Attempts to record the cough sound digitally and to analyse it on computer software are being going on across the globe. Examination of waveforms and spectrograms related to coughing as obtained from computerized respiratory sound analysis should hold a future acoustic based laboratory diagnosis of cough. It is observed and concluded that sound examination can be used as tool to diagnose the disease and body phenotype as mentioned in Ayurveda.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Critical Evaluation of Ayurvedic Shabda Pariksha (Auscultation) in Diagnosis of Diseases WSR to Disease Kasa (Cough) AU - Subhash Waghe Y1 - 2022/08/04 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20221103.11 DO - 10.11648/j.sjcm.20221103.11 T2 - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine JF - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine JO - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine SP - 57 EP - 62 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2327-2732 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20221103.11 AB - Ayurveda is of the view that every individual has characteristic voice depending upon the doshik predominance of his body constitution. In a book called, Yogaratnakara, the characteristics of voice of Vataj, Pittaj and Kaphaj body constitutions have been mentioned. Acharya Charaka, in Indriyasthana of his treatise ‘Charak Samhita’ had described the characteristics of normal and abnormal voice based on animal models of sound. The various sound produced in the body are used as tools in the diagnosis of disease by Ayurvedic acharyas. Acharya Charaka, in Vimansthana, had asked to examine the bowel sounds, joint crepitation and other peculiar sounds produced in the body such as cough and hiccups to diagnose the particular disease condition of particular system. Apart from this, ancient Ayurvedic scholars have described the typical sound produced in various disease conditions such as Tamak shwasa (Bronchial Asthma) causing audible wheeze. Maha Shwasa (Kussmaul’s breathing) causing loud audible wheeze. Krukaj Kasa (Whooping cough) causing characteristic Whoop sound, Swarabheda (Laryngeal disease) causing hoarseness of voice. Apatantraka & Apatanaka (Tetanus) causing laryngeal stridor with loud audible wheeze. Sangrahani & Ghati Yantra (IBS) causing abdominal gurgling. Pandu (Anemia) causing tachycardia. These qualitative acoustic differences of cough could be well picked up by the trained physicians. Attempts to record the cough sound digitally and to analyse it on computer software are being going on across the globe. Examination of waveforms and spectrograms related to coughing as obtained from computerized respiratory sound analysis should hold a future acoustic based laboratory diagnosis of cough. It is observed and concluded that sound examination can be used as tool to diagnose the disease and body phenotype as mentioned in Ayurveda. VL - 11 IS - 3 ER -
Information
Email: