Synthesis of New Pyrazolo [5, 1-c] [1, 2, 4] triazines from 5-Aminopyrazole and Study Biological Activity and Cytotoxicity
Wedad M. Al-Adiwish,
Maryam A. S. Abubakr,
Naowara M. Alarafi
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, September 2017
Pages:
45-52
Received:
27 December 2016
Accepted:
9 January 2017
Published:
2 August 2017
Abstract: Treatment of 2-[bis(methylthio)methylene]malononitrile 1 with p-Chloroaniline afforded 2-[(4-chlorophenylamino) (methylthio) methylene] malononitrile 2a, of which upon reaction with hydrazine hydrate yielded 5-amino-3-(4-chlorophenylamino)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile 3. This compound was utilized as a key intermediate for the synthesis of pyrazolo [5, 1-c] [1, 2, 4] triazines by diazotization of 3 with nitrous acid at low temperature afforded 3-(4-chlorophenylamino)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile-5-diazonium chloride 3', in which coupling with active methylene of acetylacetone and malononitrile in the presence of pyridine gave the hydrazone derivatives, which cyclized directly upon addition of acetic acid to produce respective pyrazolo [5, 1-c] [1, 2, 4] triazine derivatives 7 and 8. Finally, treatment of 3 with acetic anhydride gave the acetyl amide derivative 9. The antibacterial and antifungal activities, as well cytotoxicity against Breast cancer cells (MCF7) of some selected compounds are also reported.
Abstract: Treatment of 2-[bis(methylthio)methylene]malononitrile 1 with p-Chloroaniline afforded 2-[(4-chlorophenylamino) (methylthio) methylene] malononitrile 2a, of which upon reaction with hydrazine hydrate yielded 5-amino-3-(4-chlorophenylamino)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile 3. This compound was utilized as a key intermediate for the synthesis of pyrazolo [...
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Nutritive and Anti-Nutritive Composition of Xylopia parviflora Seed Obtained from Pati Shabakolo in Lavun Local Government Area, Niger State, Nigeria
Elijah Yanda Shaba,
Tsado John Mathew,
Amos Ndarubu Tsado,
Abdulfatai Aiyede Otori,
Emaka Ogbonna
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, September 2017
Pages:
53-56
Received:
26 July 2016
Accepted:
6 September 2016
Published:
30 August 2017
Abstract: Determination of nutritive value of Xylopiaparviflora seed was carried out using standard analytical methods. The proximate parameters determined were moisture content (8.95 ± 1.93)%, ash content (6.25 ± 0.35)%, crude fibre (8.25 ± 0.57)%, crude protein (8.28 ± 0.19) %, fat (6.08 ± 0.46) % and carbohydrate (62.45 ± 0.76) % as well as calorific value (337.60 ± 0.32KJ/100g) respectively. The result of this sample revealed that the seed of Xylopiaparviflora contains reasonable amount of mineral contents needed in diet with potassium concentration of (53.21±0.31 mg/100g), phosphorus (50.22±0.43 mg/100g), sodium (49.50±0.42 mg/100g), magnesium (22.58±0.62 mg/100g) and iron content (26.41±0.28 mg/100g) as well as copper concentration 12.42±0.14 mg/100g. The highest and lowest essential and non-essential amino acid composition of this seed were glutamic acid (13.18 g/100g) and tryptophan (0.65 g/100g) and leucine (5.79 g/100g) and cystine (0.66g/100g) respectively. The anti-nutritional factors were also determined which revealed that the result were all below toxic level and therefore may not cause any effect on man and his animal when taken.
Abstract: Determination of nutritive value of Xylopiaparviflora seed was carried out using standard analytical methods. The proximate parameters determined were moisture content (8.95 ± 1.93)%, ash content (6.25 ± 0.35)%, crude fibre (8.25 ± 0.57)%, crude protein (8.28 ± 0.19) %, fat (6.08 ± 0.46) % and carbohydrate (62.45 ± 0.76) % as well as calorific valu...
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