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Review on: Role of Pulse Intercropping for Hindering Rust Disease and Improving Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
12-16
Received:
24 May 2020
Accepted:
17 June 2020
Published:
13 July 2020
Abstract: Wheat is the third most produced cereal in the world after maize and rice. Due to ever increasing human population and decreased area under cultivation, there is a pressure on limited land resource to meet basic demands of increased population towards food, fodder, pulses, oilseeds etc. The potential to increase arable cropping area is severely limited without significant environmental implications; the way to solving the problem is a sustainable intensification through a re invigoration of yield improvement by either genetic progress or optimization of cropping systems. Having this idea in mind, it can be conclude that, intercropping systems have the scope and potential to exceed the yields impossible in monocultures of their component species and hindering variety of disease development such as rust. It provides a variety of returns from land and labour to the farmers, often increases the efficiency with which scarce resources are used and reduces the failure risk of a single crop that is susceptible to environmental and economic fluctuations. Cropping system based on carefully designed species mixtures reveal many potential advantages interims of enhancing crop productivity, reducing pest and disease, and enhancing ecological service. Therefore it can be recommended that intercropping wheat with pulse crop is a desirable agronomic practice towards boosting of yield and prevention of disease incidence such as rust.
Abstract: Wheat is the third most produced cereal in the world after maize and rice. Due to ever increasing human population and decreased area under cultivation, there is a pressure on limited land resource to meet basic demands of increased population towards food, fodder, pulses, oilseeds etc. The potential to increase arable cropping area is severely lim...
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Integrated Use of Soil Ameliorants and Fertilizers to Increase Crop Yield on Acidic Soils of Ethiopian Highlands
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
17-23
Received:
21 May 2020
Accepted:
2 June 2020
Published:
28 July 2020
Abstract: Agriculture has been contributed great share for Ethiopian economy. Ethiopian highlands endowed suitable climatic conditions for crop production, however land degradation in terms of soil acidity and nutrient depletion is becoming the major limiting factor to improve crop yield. Most farmers of Ethiopian highlands are resource poor, small-scale holder, in contrary most crop land characterized by severely eroded and nutrient depleted by interaction effect of environmental conditions and human activities. Around 130 tons/ha soil has been removed from cultivated land, annually besides 40% of the arable land of the country are characterized by acidic soils. To improve crop yield combining use of soil amelioration and fertilization management is critical in such problematic area. Thus, integrated use of 2-3 t/ha lime and NP mineral or organic fertilizers significantly increased crop yield in acidic soils of the country. However, high application rate (11-12 t/ha) of biochar or wood ash on acidic soils has showed equivalent crop yield response to lime rate, hence therefore poor resource farmers can able to ameliorate acidic soils by cheaper and local available materials.
Abstract: Agriculture has been contributed great share for Ethiopian economy. Ethiopian highlands endowed suitable climatic conditions for crop production, however land degradation in terms of soil acidity and nutrient depletion is becoming the major limiting factor to improve crop yield. Most farmers of Ethiopian highlands are resource poor, small-scale hol...
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Multiple Linear Regression Analysis on Factors Affecting Coffee Production in Bench-Shako Zone: In Case of Mizan-Aman District, Southwest Ethiopia
Alemu Bekele,
Tewabe Guadie
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
24-30
Received:
12 June 2020
Accepted:
24 June 2020
Published:
10 August 2020
Abstract: Coffee is the major source of income for smallholder farmers and it is leading export crop for Ethiopia. Identifying factors affecting Coffee production is very important to improve the production coffee in the country. This paper is focused on the factors that affect the production of coffee in Mizan-Aman district. Using simple random sampling 124 Coffee farmers were selected in Mizan-Aman district. The data was gathered by prepared questionnaires and analyzed by IBM SPSS version 20. From the total of 124 farmers 70 (56.5%) are males and 54 (43.5%) are females and the peak age of the coffee producer is 59 years, while the least age is 26 years. The experience of coffee producer was estimated on average 8 years and five months. Multiple linear regressions is made and the regression results revealed that factors such as education level, types of coffee, farmers total income and farm size are determinants of coffee production. Therefore the conclusion is that the farmers should develop their education level to maximize their coffee production and coffee producing farmers have to use different types of coffee seeds to maximize their production. Not only these but also farmer’s income and farm size are very important factors that increase coffee production. Generally from the paper, coffee production will improved if the farmers and agricultural workers incorporate the determinants identified by this study.
Abstract: Coffee is the major source of income for smallholder farmers and it is leading export crop for Ethiopia. Identifying factors affecting Coffee production is very important to improve the production coffee in the country. This paper is focused on the factors that affect the production of coffee in Mizan-Aman district. Using simple random sampling 124...
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Adaptability and Evaluation of Improved Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L. ) Varieties in the Mid Altitude of Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Solomon Teshome,
Arega Amide,
Tekile Bobo
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
35-41
Received:
29 June 2020
Accepted:
25 July 2020
Published:
10 August 2020
Abstract: "Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Bore Agricultural Research Center, Bore, Ethiopia Low yields and yield instability due to the use of old land races were limiting sweet potato production by resource-poor farmers in the zone. The Experiment was conducted at Bore Agricultural Research Center during 2018 and 2019 summer cropping season at Adola sub station and on-farm with the objective of identifying the cultivars, which could have wide or specific adaptations, and to select and recommend adaptable, frost and disease tolerant and high yielding orange type sweet potato cultivars for midlands of Guji Zone. To this effect four (Kaboli, Naspot 12, Naspot 13, Kaboli and local) improved orange varieties of sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas L., based on their yield and disease resistance performance were tested in RCBD with three replications with the spacing of 100cm*30cm between rows and plants, respectively. A widely cultivated variety (Local) was included as check. The combined analysis of variance across locations showed significant variation among genotypes and locations interaction for the number of roots, root weight, marketable yield, unmarketable yield and total storage root yield (t/ha). Based on this, the maximum mean value of root number per plot (21.33, 36.66 and 21.33) was recorded from Naspot-13, Naspot-12 and Naspot-13 variety at Dufa, Boke and Gobicha sites, respectively. However the minimum (16.00, 19.33 and 16.00) mean value of root number was recorded from Local Variety across locations. The maximum fresh root weight (670.33g and 444g) was recorded for Kabode and NASPOT-13 Variety over locations. On the other hand, the lowest fresh root weight (447.33, 437.33g and 296.33g) was recorded by Kaboli variety at all locations. The highest mean value of total root yield (65.09 t ha-1 and 59.88 t ha-1) was recorded by Naspot-13 at Dufa and Gobicha locations in 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons. While Naspot-12 gave maximum (55.16 t ha-1) total root yield at Boke location. However Kaboli gave the least (43.09, 27.19 and 37.69 t ha-1) total root yield over locations and years. Therefore Naspot 13 and Naspot-12 sweet potato varieties were more adaptable, disease tolerant and high yielder and should be promoted to farmers of the study areas for optimum production. "
Abstract: "Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Bore Agricultural Research Center, Bore, Ethiopia Low yields and yield instability due to the use of old land races were limiting sweet potato production by resource-poor farmers in the zone. The Experiment was conducted at Bore Agricultural Research Center during 2018 and 2019 summer cropping season at Adol...
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Marginal and Media Productivity of Labor on Table Grape Harvest
Espíndola Rodrigo Sebastián,
Gennari Alejandro
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
31-34
Received:
30 June 2020
Accepted:
17 July 2020
Published:
10 August 2020
Abstract: In recent years in San Juan, Argentina the lack of manpower to harvest, clean and packing export table grape caused serious economic problems and it is the most important reason that explains the disappearance of Argentina in this area. Labor is very expensive and it is the highest production cost. Also it is unknown in Argentina whether it is convenient hiring labor or not. In the other hand the efficient used of labor is disregarded and buying hard technology in replacement of labor is very difficult in table grape production. The objective of this study is to measure the mean and marginal labor productivity during harvesting, packing and to describe the process. A sectional study was carry out with 144 interviews in seven districts in San Juan. The harvesting and cleaning time was measured and the number of table grape boxes done in a certain period of time too. We observed each harvesting and packing group made up of one to four people and that when the number of workers per group increased, the number of boxes per worker per hour had reduced from 4 to 1 resulting in a negative marginal productivity. Up to 20% of the effective working time a day was lost due to failures in the work organization
Abstract: In recent years in San Juan, Argentina the lack of manpower to harvest, clean and packing export table grape caused serious economic problems and it is the most important reason that explains the disappearance of Argentina in this area. Labor is very expensive and it is the highest production cost. Also it is unknown in Argentina whether it is conv...
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