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Evaluation of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Genotypes for Total Cyanide Content, Storage Tuber and Starch Yield in South Western Ethiopia
Tewodros Mulualem,
Neim Semman,
Getachew Etana,
Shamil Alo
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
14-19
Received:
8 January 2020
Accepted:
25 February 2020
Published:
5 August 2020
Abstract: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is one of the main food crops that significantly contribute to food security and poverty alleviation in South and Southwest Ethiopia. Cyanide present in cassava roots poses a health challenge in the use of cassava for food. It is therefore important to identify the sweet and bitter types for food and industry. In this study, 11 farmers preferred genotypes were assessed for storage tuber yield, cyanide content and starch contents at Jimma, Metu and Tepi during 2015-2017 cropping seasons. From the genotypes analyzed, AAGT-108 (128.35 mg/kg) and AAGT-189 (118.5 mg/kg) are identified for bitter type (high HCN content). Based on storage tuber yield, genotype AAGT-108, AAGT-189 and AAGT 192 produced the highest tuber yield in all tested locations. The starch content varies from 5.11 (Qulle at Metu) to 18.40 (AAGT-108 at Tepi). Similarly, genotypes AAGT-108, AAGT-189 and AAGT-192 are the best materials at Jimma as compared to others and gave the mean starch content of 15.22, 16.98 and 16.61%, respectively. Based on the overall result of hydrogen cyanide and starch contents, genotype AAGT-108 and AAGT-189 are recommended for bitter type (high HCN content). On contrary, the rest of genotypes have sweet type due to low hydrogen cyanide content below 100 mg/kg and are recommended for human consumption.
Abstract: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is one of the main food crops that significantly contribute to food security and poverty alleviation in South and Southwest Ethiopia. Cyanide present in cassava roots poses a health challenge in the use of cassava for food. It is therefore important to identify the sweet and bitter types for food and industry. In this st...
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Effect of Four Different Formulated Rations on Production Performance and Egg Quality Traits of Fayoumi Chickens
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
20-24
Received:
8 October 2020
Accepted:
26 November 2020
Published:
11 December 2020
Abstract: Four experimental rations were formulated from locally available protein and energy source feed to study its effect on the production performance, on some egg quality traits for fayoumi chickens and to know the financially feasibility of such locally formulated rations for fayoumi layer chickens. Ninety six fayoumi chickens of 24 weeks of age were subjected to four formulated rations. Each of the four treatments were replicated three times with 8 birds (1 male: 7 females) per replicate. Each replicate feed was fed in group in feeding pens. Feed intake and egg production data were collected daily for each replicate. Dry matter feed intake was not significantly different (P >0.05) between treatments 1 and 3, and between treatments 2 and 4. Significantly higher (P<0.05) egg production and egg weight were observed in treatment 2 with no significant difference (P>0.05) among the other three treatments. Egg shell weight (g), shell thickness (mm) and Yolk color did not differ (P>0.05) significantly among the treatments. In the current study net profit of 47.2, 39.4, 21.41 and 15.3 Ethiopian Birr were obtained per bird on treatments 2, 3, 4 and 1 respectively within six months of feeding period. Locally available protein and energy source feed can be used for the formulation of nutritionally balanced and economically feasible diet for fayoumi layers chickens. Ration formulated from 0.5% limestone, 0.5% salt, 1% layers premixes, 28% wheat bran, 3.5% fish meal, 11.5% soybean, 32% maize and 23% noug cake was found to be financially feasible and recommendable in areas with similar climatic conditions to Adami Tulu area and in area where these feed ingredients are available.
Abstract: Four experimental rations were formulated from locally available protein and energy source feed to study its effect on the production performance, on some egg quality traits for fayoumi chickens and to know the financially feasibility of such locally formulated rations for fayoumi layer chickens. Ninety six fayoumi chickens of 24 weeks of age were ...
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Production Performance of Koekoek Chickens Under Backyard Management Conditions
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
25-28
Received:
8 October 2020
Accepted:
9 November 2020
Published:
11 December 2020
Abstract: The study was conducted in East Shoa zone in Dugda district from April 2017 to June 2018 to evaluate the production performance of koekoek chickens under farmers` management conditions. A total of 193 female and 32 male three months age grower koekoek chicken were used for the study. Three months grower koekoek chickens were distributed to five farmers research extension groups (FREGs) in Dugda districts of the mid rift valley of Ethiopia. Average age at sexual maturity, annual egg production and mortality of koekoek chicken obtained under farmers management condition were 22±1.2 weeks, 164±8.4 eggs/hen/year and 31% respectively. Weight of chicken at first egg laying and weight of cockerel at 22 weeks of age were 1.6±0.4 and 2.4 ±0.35 kg respectively. The mean value measurements obtained on egg weight in gram(g), shell thickness in millimeter (mm), yolk color, albumin weight in gram (g) and yolk weight in gram(g) were 44.28±2.96, 0.62 ±0.16, 6.7±0.5, 27.28±3.4 and 12.8±1.4 respectively. In the study area the frequent existence of Newcastle disease and external parasite was found to be the bottle neck for exotic poultry production. In addition lack of adequate package delivery and supply system are among the observed problems in the study area. We can conclude that poultry production in the study area is economically feasible along with veterinary service delivery and input supply like supplementary feed.
Abstract: The study was conducted in East Shoa zone in Dugda district from April 2017 to June 2018 to evaluate the production performance of koekoek chickens under farmers` management conditions. A total of 193 female and 32 male three months age grower koekoek chicken were used for the study. Three months grower koekoek chickens were distributed to five far...
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Comparative Evaluation of Mekonen Beehive Technology with Zander and KTB Beehive Types on Honey Yield and Cost Benefit Analysis Under Sidama Condition, Ethiopia
Dinku Negash,
Mekonen Debara,
Bangu Bekel,
Amare Aregaw
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
29-33
Received:
20 October 2020
Accepted:
9 December 2020
Published:
22 December 2020
Abstract: Hive is essential for honey bees to build their nests in such a way that it is easy to manage and maintain them. This study examined three beehive types: namely Mekonen, Zander model and Kenya Top Bar Hive (KTB), based on honey yield performance and profitability under Sidama condtion, Ethiopia. A total of 9 honeybee colonies which had similar strength were selected for comparison of different beehive in Remeda and Dilla substation. Honey yield data from each hive per harvesting season was recorded immediately after harvest. The overall average annual honey yield performance clearly revealed that Mekonen hive (26.77 ± 3.25 kg/hive) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than zander hive (20.77 ± 2.33 kg/hive) and KTB hive (17.61 ± 4.20 kg/hive). While, in both sub research station there was no significant difference in honey yield among the three hives. Mekonen hive stands first due to honey yield and preference while, KTB hive was affordable to the farmers due to cost and durability of the frame and ventilation followed by improved frame hive compared to Mekonen hive. It is therefore recommended to use the Mekonen hive as an alternative technology in addition to KTB and frame hive.
Abstract: Hive is essential for honey bees to build their nests in such a way that it is easy to manage and maintain them. This study examined three beehive types: namely Mekonen, Zander model and Kenya Top Bar Hive (KTB), based on honey yield performance and profitability under Sidama condtion, Ethiopia. A total of 9 honeybee colonies which had similar stre...
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