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Physico–Chemical Evaluation of Agro–Waste Formulated Compost from Five Different Waste Source
Anukam Ngozichukwu Basil,
Alisa Onyemeziri Christopher,
Ogukwe Nwomyko Chinweizu,
Chinwuba Jude Arinze,
Uba Obidinma Bright,
Ogukwe Ekwy Cynthia
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
130-134
Received:
30 November 2020
Accepted:
14 December 2020
Published:
28 December 2020
Abstract: Annually, millions of tons of organic wastes are generated in Nigeria. More than half of this waste contains the animal waste. Immaturity of these animal wastes has been widely recognized as one of the major problems facing their composting process and their subsequent application to land use. Hence, the need to evaluate their physico-chemical properties for safe agricultural practices is necessary. The objective of this research work was to evaluate the physico-chemical indices of agro - wastes formulated compost from five different waste sources. The research was designed in five set ups comprising of plant and animal wastes for a period of seven weeks. The parameters measured were temperature, pH, conductivity, total organic carbon, nitrogen concentration, moisture content, bulk density, carbon-nitrogen ratio. Standard methods were used. The results revealed that the samples were moderate in temperature, lower acidity to alkalinity in pH, high conductivity, total organic carbon, bulk density, carbon nitrogen ratio, but low nitrogen concentration and moisture content. There were not significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatment setup. The evaluated parameters in each setup compared favorably with the control (matured compost) with sequel to time. Agro-waste should therefore be allowed to attain maturity and have acceptable range of physico-chemical parameter values before being applied as manure.
Abstract: Annually, millions of tons of organic wastes are generated in Nigeria. More than half of this waste contains the animal waste. Immaturity of these animal wastes has been widely recognized as one of the major problems facing their composting process and their subsequent application to land use. Hence, the need to evaluate their physico-chemical prop...
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Quantification and Risk Assessment of Some Trace Metals in Vegetables Obtained in Sand Mining Environment of Ukat Nsit, Nigeria
Emmanuel Isaac Uwah,
Helen Solomon Etuk,
Eno-obong Augustine Udoh
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
135-142
Received:
18 February 2020
Accepted:
2 March 2020
Published:
31 December 2020
Abstract: Quantification and risks of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Fe, As and Cr were assayed in two vegetables (Lasianthera africana and Telfairia occidentalis) obtained from the sand mining environment of Ukat Nsit. Vegetable and soil samples were collected from four farms. Samples were also collected from a farm out of Ukat Nsit where there are no sand mining activities to serve as controls. The results revealed variable levels of the trace metals in the samples. In the soil, the metals levels ranged from 3.67 mg/kg Pb to 19.10 mg/kg Cu. In the vegetables, the trace metals levels ranged from 0.150 mg/kg Ni to 17.3 mg/kg Cu in L. africana and from 0.00 mg/kg Ni to 10.16 mg/kg Fe in T. occidentalis, respectively. Cd in the soil and vegetables exceeded the safe limits set by USEPA and WHO. The metal levels in the vegetables and soil from the control site were lower than those of the study area. This could be attributed to the negative impact of sand mining activities. Positive correlation at p < 0.01 was seen between Cd and Pb, Cd and Fe, Pb and Zn, As and Fe as well as Fe and Zn, indicating that Cr, Pb, Fe, Cu and Zn originated from the same anthropogenic sources. The target hazard quotient (THQ) for all the measured trace metals for the vegetables were lower than 1 (except Cd), indicating that the vegetables are relatively safe for consumption, except that their Cd levels could have adverse health effects.
Abstract: Quantification and risks of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Fe, As and Cr were assayed in two vegetables (Lasianthera africana and Telfairia occidentalis) obtained from the sand mining environment of Ukat Nsit. Vegetable and soil samples were collected from four farms. Samples were also collected from a farm out of Ukat Nsit where there are no sand mining acti...
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Changes in Haematological Parameters Following Toxicity Study with 80% Methanol Extract of Moringa oleifera in Wistar Rats
Ibrahim Maina Hassan,
Bashir Saidu,
Ja’afaru Abdullahi Ishaq,
Ashiru Dahiru,
Nafisat Abdulazeez,
Halima Ibrahim Yusuf,
Ahmadu Abdulrahman Shekwaye,
Muhammad Bashir Bello,
Adamu Abdul Abubakar,
Yushau Shuaibu Baraya
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
143-151
Received:
27 March 2020
Accepted:
15 April 2020
Published:
31 December 2020
Abstract: To determine the acute toxicity effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on haematological parameters, twenty albino Wistar rats weighing between 108-254 g were split into four groups of fives rat each. Different doses of the extract were administered to the 3 groups and one group is used as control. Moringa oleifera 80% methanol leaf extract was administered at 2000 mg/kg to group, 1000 mg/kg to group, and 500 mg/kg while one group was used as control. The result recorded 4 deaths (60% mortality) in groups that received 2000 mg/kg and 1 death (20% mortality) in groups that received 1000 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected from the survived rats for hematological analysis. The result showed variation in Park cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), Red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). There are significant differences at p > 0.05, p > 0.01 and p > 0.001 between groups that exposed to different doses Moringa oleifera extract and the control group. The result also shows slight variation in total and differential leucocyte count, but all the values obtained from both treated and control groups are within the normal range. There are no recorded values of eosinophil, basophil and band cells in both the control and the experimental groups. From this result, it can be concluded that high dose of this extract caused alteration in normal red cells indices with significant differences, but have mild or no effect on total and differential leucocyte count. Hence, low toxicity of this plant made it safe and good medicinal agent and or supplement. Histopatological screening as well as phytochemical study to identify the compounds that affect the blood chemistry is highly recommended.
Abstract: To determine the acute toxicity effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on haematological parameters, twenty albino Wistar rats weighing between 108-254 g were split into four groups of fives rat each. Different doses of the extract were administered to the 3 groups and one group is used as control. Moringa oleifera 80% methanol leaf extract was a...
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The Effect of NPK Fertilizer on N Total, N-Uptake, and Shallot Yield (Allium ascalonicum L.) on Inceptisols Jatinangor
Shindy Widiana,
Anni Yuniarti,
Emma Trinurani Sofyan,
Dirga Sapta Sara
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
152-155
Received:
2 June 2020
Accepted:
19 June 2020
Published:
31 December 2020
Abstract: Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a horticulture commodity that has a lot of benefits also prospective regarding its increasing demand. Each year, shallot productivity in Indonesia is unstable due to nutrient degradation on agricultural land, therefore efforts are needed to increase the productivity of shallot. One of the solution is by using NPK fertilization. This experiment aims to determine the effect of NPK compound fertilizer on N total, N-uptake, and shallot bulb yield. This research conducted at the Soil Chemical and Plant Nutrition Experiments Field, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, from February to June 2019. The experimental design using Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisted of one control treatment as a comparison, one N, P, K single fertilizer treatment (250 kg ha-1 Urea, 125 kg ha-1 ZA, 200 kg ha-1 SP-36, and 250 kg ha-1 KCl), and eight NPK compound fertilizer treatments of various doses with three replications. The results showed that the NPK compound treatment affected the total N, N uptake, and shallot bulbs yield. Treatment of 75% NPK compound (675 kg ha-1 ) obtained the highest results of fresh bulbs weight at 41.64 g clump-1 and dry bulbs weight at 25.27 g clump-1 .
Abstract: Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a horticulture commodity that has a lot of benefits also prospective regarding its increasing demand. Each year, shallot productivity in Indonesia is unstable due to nutrient degradation on agricultural land, therefore efforts are needed to increase the productivity of shallot. One of the solution is by using NPK ...
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