-
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients in Marrakesh Region
Lamiae Arsalane,
Abderrahman Boukhira,
Karima Azizan,
Youssef Kamouni,
Said Zouhair
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2019
Pages:
31-34
Received:
9 October 2018
Accepted:
5 November 2018
Published:
29 April 2019
Abstract: Infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major global public health problem. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the seroprevalence of hepatitis C in chronic hemodialysis patients, a category of patients at particular risk of hepatitis C virus transmission, and to identify the main risk factors for infection. This is a prospective study conducted from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2017, including 600 chronic hemodialysis patients treated at 5 centers in the Marrakech region. Patients were tested for anti-HCV antibodies by chemiluminescent microparticulate immunoassay (CMIA). The confirmation is carried out by ELISA. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS statistics 17.0 software. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies is 15%. There is no statistically significant difference between the groups of HCV-infected and non-HCV-infected patients in terms of age, sex, and number of RBCs transfused. In contrast, the median hemodialysis duration and the number of attended hemodialysis centers were significantly higher in the HCV + group (p <0.001). The factor transfusion long incriminated, loses its importance. On the other hand, seniority in hemodialysis and the number of centers frequented seem to be contributing factors. Adherence to hygiene measures and the rigorous application of prevention recommendations against HCV transmission could further improve the prevalence of hepatitis C in dialysis units.
Abstract: Infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major global public health problem. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the seroprevalence of hepatitis C in chronic hemodialysis patients, a category of patients at particular risk of hepatitis C virus transmission, and to identify the main risk factors for infection. This is a prospective s...
Show More
-
Olfactory Neuroblastoma Presenting as a Submandibular Mass
Sona Appukutty,
Silvana Di Palma,
Stephen Whitaker,
Katie Wood
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2019
Pages:
35-39
Received:
15 March 2019
Accepted:
22 April 2019
Published:
9 May 2019
Abstract: Background: Olfactory Neuroblastoma is a rare, locally aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the olfactory epithelium, which causes metastasis by lymphatic and haematogenous routes, with most common site being the cervical lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: Clinical history was retrieved from discussion in the Head and Neck multidisciplinary team meeting and medical records. Routine macroscopic and microscopic histological examination along with appropriate immunohistochemistry was performed. In addition, we include the review of literature of olfactory neuroblastoma metastatic to different sites. Results: A 75 year old female presented with a left submandibular mass which on biopsy was diagnosed as high grade neuroendocrine carcinoma requiring further investigation for characterising it as primary or metastatic. The histological diagnosis proved difficult and doubtful, till after five months when on follow up investigation a skull base lesion was identified, this on biopsy was confirmed to be an olfactory neuroblastoma. Conclusion: It is important to think laterally and consider metastatic tumours when evaluating neuroendocrine lesions in the submandibular region as this can be the first manifestation.
Abstract: Background: Olfactory Neuroblastoma is a rare, locally aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the olfactory epithelium, which causes metastasis by lymphatic and haematogenous routes, with most common site being the cervical lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: Clinical history was retrieved from discussion in the Head and Neck multidisciplinary ...
Show More
-
Pathologists’ Role in the Evaluation of the Prognostic Implications of Circumferential Resection Margin in Resected Rectal Carcinoma
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2019
Pages:
40-43
Received:
12 March 2019
Accepted:
13 April 2019
Published:
15 May 2019
Abstract: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in Sri Lanka as well as in other parts of the world and has a high incidence of cancer related deaths. Recent advances have been made with regard to the biological understanding of this disease and its treatment. Furthermore, new surgical, chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic strategies have been developed over the last decade in view of improving the quality of care. The worldwide introduction of total mesorectal excision (TME) in combination with the increasing use of neoadjuvant therapy has significantly improved the overall outcome. An important prognostic factor in rectal cancer is the status of the circumferential resection margin (CRM). The involvement of this margin has been associated with a poor prognosis. Pathologists play a vital role by providing important information for the clinical management of the patient and for the evaluation of health care as a whole. For the patient it confirms the diagnosis and describes the variables that will affect the prognosis, all of which will be relevant for the future management. For health care evaluation, pathology reports provide information for cancer registration and audit related to diagnostic and surgical procedures. Accurate evaluation of CRM in rectal carcinoma is important to determine the risk of local recurrence, which might subsequently be prevented by additional therapy. An increased risk was seen when the distance to CRM was < 2 mm.
Abstract: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in Sri Lanka as well as in other parts of the world and has a high incidence of cancer related deaths. Recent advances have been made with regard to the biological understanding of this disease and its treatment. Furthermore, new surgical, chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic strategies have...
Show More
-
Evaluation of Tigecycline Susceptibility in Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria at the University Hospital of Marrakech (Morocco)
Zemrani Yassin,
Ahroui Yassine,
Ait Zirri Khadija,
Eddyb Saadia,
Soraa Nabila
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2019
Pages:
44-47
Received:
16 March 2019
Accepted:
16 April 2019
Published:
17 May 2019
Abstract: The phenomenon of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a major public health problem. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is rapidly increasing with heavy consequences in terms of morbidity and mortality and health care costs. Tigecycline is a new active glycylcycline on this type of germ and could be a therapeutic alternative for the management of these infections. The aim of this work is to evaluate the in vitro activity of Tigecycline against multidrug-resistant organisms isolated at Mohammed VI hospital in Marrakech. It is a descriptive prospective study of a series of 171 multidrug-resistant bacteria including 102 clinical isolates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL) and 85 clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. The in vitro activity of Tigecycline was measured by the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by diffusion method on agar medium using the strips "E-test" according to the recommendations of the CASFM. 71% of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were sensitive to Tigecycline of with MIC ≤1mg / l, while 17.6% of tested strains had intermediate sensitivity to Tigecycline with a MIC between 1 and 2 mg / l, 11,4% were resistant with a MIC> 2 mg / l. ESBL enterobacterial strains were mostly (77,5%) with a MIC ≤ 1 mg / l. Intermediate sensitivity was found in 15.6% of the isolates with a MIC between 1 and 2 mg / l, however, resistance to Tigecycline was found in 6.8% of enterobacterial isolates with a MIC> 2 mg /l. Tigecycline is an interesting therapeutic option and may have an important role in the treatment of multidrug-resistant infections. Detection of the sensitivity status of Tigecycline is necessary to optimize its use and preserve this molecule in our therapeutic arsenal.
Abstract: The phenomenon of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a major public health problem. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is rapidly increasing with heavy consequences in terms of morbidity and mortality and health care costs. Tigecycline is a new active glycylcycline on this type of germ and could be a therapeutic alternative for the ...
Show More
-
Distributional Patterns of ABO Blood Grouping and Rhesus Factor: Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study in Somali Regional Blood Bank
Abibakar Sheikaden Ismail
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2019
Pages:
48-52
Received:
4 March 2019
Accepted:
11 April 2019
Published:
31 May 2019
Abstract: Blood is the most important body fluid. It is responsible for the transportation of the most critical substance, oxygen. The human red blood cell membrane contains different types of antigens, called agglutinogens. These antigens are capable of inducing specific immune response which in turn results in the production of antibodies. From the thirty blood group system genes already identified, the most important blood group systems are the ABO and Rh. Frequency of the four main ABO blood groups vary throughout the world mainly due to differences in geographical location and ethnicity. The aim of this study was to describe the distributional patterns of ABO blood grouping and Rh factor in Somali Regional State. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the blood bank from January 1 to February 10, 2019. Sample of three years (2015 to 2017) data was collected purposively. Data collectors were oriented prior to data collection and the study tool was pre-tested for corrections if any. Data processing and descriptive data analysis was undertaken by employing Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS 20. Ethical clearance letter was obtained from the Somali Regional Health Bureau and it was presented to the study facility. Blood group O has the highest frequency, 2,310 (50.10%) followed by blood group A, 1,366 (29.60%); B 702 (15.20%) and AB 236 (5.10%). The overall Rhesus factor positivity and negativity was 4,410 (95.6%) and 204 (4.4%) respectively. Blood group O is the most frequent blood type among blood donors in Somali region. Then, followed by A, B, and AB blood types. Absolute majority of blood donors in the region have Rh positive gene in the surface of their RBCs. Contact details of blood donors with rare blood types should be retained for tracking in cases of emergency blood donation requests. Concerned bodies at different levels should use findings from this study for planning and blood bank management.
Abstract: Blood is the most important body fluid. It is responsible for the transportation of the most critical substance, oxygen. The human red blood cell membrane contains different types of antigens, called agglutinogens. These antigens are capable of inducing specific immune response which in turn results in the production of antibodies. From the thirty ...
Show More
