Evaluation of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) Cultivars at Highland and Midland of Guji Zone of Oromia
Teshale Jabessa,
Ketema Bekele
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
1-6
Received:
18 November 2020
Accepted:
30 November 2020
Published:
4 January 2021
Abstract: The study was conducted with the objective to identify adaptable, high biomass yield, leaf to steam ratio and good quality yield of Alfalfa cultivars at Bore Agricultural research center. Eight Alfalfa cultivars; Hunter river, Magna-801-FG, Pioneer (1995) DZF-406, Segule1396 (408), Peruvian DZF (406), F-G-9-09, F-L-L-77-(406) and Hunter river (4010) were tested in RCBD with three replications. Plant height was significantly (P<0.05) higher for Hairy (1995) DZF-406 cultivar (83 cm) while lower for Magna-801-FG. Disease resistance was significantly differ (P<0.05) among cultivars. Segule (1396)-408 cultivars were highly resistant to diseases compared to others. Leaf to stem ratio, biomass yield and seed yield were not show significant (P>0.05) different among treatments. Chemical compositions of NDF, ADL and CP were significantly (P<0.05) different among treatments. The superior ADL was obtained from Segule (1396)-408 cultivar (32.5%) while, low was obtained from F-L-L-77 (406) cultivar. The superior NDF was obtained from Poineer (1995) DZF-406 cultivar (70.7%) whereas; the low was from Peruvien- DZF- 406 cultivar (45.9%). The CP yield showed significant (P<0.05) difference among cultivars. Magna- 801-FG cultivar had the superior (26.3%) CP while, Segule (1396)-408 cultivar (11.3%) had the inferior CP content. Cultivar F-G-9-09 was produce superior in DM (91.8%) and less in ADL (9.3%) while Segule 1396 (1396)-408 cultivar produce (91.3%) DM and lower in TASH (10.8%). superior OM was obtained from Segule 1396 (408) cultivar (80.4%) compared to others. Based on its yield, plant height, biomass yield and chemical compositions, good DM and OM Peruvien- DZF- 406, F-L-L-77 (406,) Segule-1396 (408) and F-G-9-09 is recommended for further promotion in the highland and midland of Guji and similar agro-ecologies.
Abstract: The study was conducted with the objective to identify adaptable, high biomass yield, leaf to steam ratio and good quality yield of Alfalfa cultivars at Bore Agricultural research center. Eight Alfalfa cultivars; Hunter river, Magna-801-FG, Pioneer (1995) DZF-406, Segule1396 (408), Peruvian DZF (406), F-G-9-09, F-L-L-77-(406) and Hunter river (4010...
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Toxicity Study to Determine Changes in Physiological Vital Parameters and Lethal Dose of Moringa Oleifera Found in Sokoto Metropolis Using Albino Rats Models
Ibrahim Maina Hassan,
Bashir Saidu,
Ja’afaru Abdullahi Ishaq,
Ashiru Dahiru,
Nafisat Abdulazeez,
Halima Ibrahim Yusuf,
Umar Aliyu Dikko,
Bulama Ibrahim,
Adama Musa Abdullahi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
7-10
Received:
22 May 2020
Accepted:
4 June 2020
Published:
23 February 2021
Abstract: Epidemiological studies have indicated that Moringa oleifera leaves are good source of nutrition and exhibit antioxidant activities. This study is carried out to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on physiological vital parameters, Including Temperature, Respiratory rate and Heart rate. Twenty adult Wistar albino rats were used for this study. Animals were divided into four groups (A, B, C and D) of five animals each. Group A served as the control and was administered distilled water; the experimental groups B, C and D were administered different graded doses of Moringa oleifera leaf extract as follows 2000mg/kg, 1000mg/kg and 500mg/kg orally for period of twenty four hours. The vital parameters were monitored and recorded after every two hours for the first eight hours and there after four hour interval for twenty four hours. The result of this study shows slight variation in body temperature between the control group and the group exposed to different concentration of the crude extract. There was significant changes in the Heart and respiratory rate of the rats in the treated groups compare to the control group. Extract from this plant can be used as anti-hypertensive agent.
Abstract: Epidemiological studies have indicated that Moringa oleifera leaves are good source of nutrition and exhibit antioxidant activities. This study is carried out to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on physiological vital parameters, Including Temperature, Respiratory rate and Heart rate. Twenty adult Wistar albino rats were used fo...
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First Report of Peanut Stripe Virus Infecting Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Western Kenya
Anthony Simiyu Mabele,
Fredrick Wotia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
11-18
Received:
30 January 2021
Accepted:
14 February 2021
Published:
26 February 2021
Abstract: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a leguminous food crop in Kenya, whose yields are probably affected by Peanut stripe virus (PStV) belonging to the genus Potyvirus and family Potyviridae, that causes Peanut stripe disease (PSD), also referred to as groundnut stripe disease (GSD). PSD/GSD is rapidly spread through seed and mechanically transmitted in a non-persistent manner by aphid vectors causing 30-100% decrease in production. Different isolates of PStV induce different symptoms in groundnut ranging from striping, ring spots, vein banding and oakleaf mosaic. PStV occurrence in Kenya has neither been reported nor its resistance identified in commercial cultivars of groundnut in research stations. This informs the need for resistance breeding programmes of wild genotypes to be explored as the only practical solution. This study reports the first occurrence, distribution and molecular detection of PStV infecting groundnut in western Kenya, which is crucial in developing appropriate crop protection and plant health management strategies for this new disease. A survey of PSD was conducted in western Kenya among the four counties of Bungoma, Busia, Kisumu and Kisii during the short rains season of 2019. A total of 14 symptomatic leaf samples were selected from the collected samples and preserved until use. Total RNA was extracted from the symptomatic leaf samples using GeneJET Plant RNA Purification Mini Kit according to the manufacturers’ protocol. Two-step RT-PCR detection of PStV was done using specific primers that yielded the expected 454 bp. DNA libraries were prepared and sequenced using the Sanger sequencing platform, but produced poor quality sequences after performing sequence quality check using BioEdit workbench that based on the low quality peaks of the electropherograms generated, therefore recommend for further research. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence, distribution and molecular diagnostics of PStV in Kenya. Further studies are needed to assess the molecular and biological diversity of PStV strains, the spatial distribution and the incidence of this emerging groundnut disease in Kenya.
Abstract: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a leguminous food crop in Kenya, whose yields are probably affected by Peanut stripe virus (PStV) belonging to the genus Potyvirus and family Potyviridae, that causes Peanut stripe disease (PSD), also referred to as groundnut stripe disease (GSD). PSD/GSD is rapidly spread through seed and mechanically transmitted in a ...
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