-
Incidence and Risk Factors of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter-related Complications
Cao Mingkun,
Yin Yuxia,
Li Xuying,
Zhang Haijun
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
79-83
Received:
4 September 2020
Accepted:
22 September 2020
Published:
7 October 2020
Abstract: Background: Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is widely used all over the world, but the complications related to it have not been well solved. Objective: To evaluate PICC-related complications and risk factors. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at multicenters on patients who underwent PICC placement from May 2017 to June 2018 to identify the incidence and risk factors of complications. Information of patients and insertion was collected by an mobile App. Univariable and multivariable analysis were fit to examine the risk factors of complications. Odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to indicate the association between risk factors and complications. Results: A total of 4959 patients were included with 511 (10.3%) patients developed complications. In univariable analysis, age (P=0.026), smoke (P<0.001), drinking (P<0.001), prior surgery (P<0.001) and PICC insertion site (P=0.023) were associated with complications. Following logistic regression analysis, drinking (OR 1.72, 95 CI% 1.07-2.778, P=0.025) and prior surgery (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.55-2.67, P<0.001) remained to be independent risk factors of complications. Drinking was associated with phlebitis (P=0.002) and thrombosis (P=0.007), and prior surgery was associated with phlebitis (P<0.001), infections (P=0.001) and mechanical complications (P=0.008). Conclusion: Paying more attention to patients who drink alcohol and have surgery history may reduce the risk of adverse outcome.
Abstract: Background: Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is widely used all over the world, but the complications related to it have not been well solved. Objective: To evaluate PICC-related complications and risk factors. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at multicenters on patients who underwent PICC placement from May 2017 to June 201...
Show More
-
Study of G6pd Deficit (Glucose-6-phosphate Deshydrogenase) in Blood Donors in Brazzaville
M’pene Bel Varret,
Fouti Gudrid Ludmilhia,
Arsène Bikoue,
Ongouda Brunel,
Nguimbi Etienne
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
84-88
Received:
29 September 2020
Accepted:
17 October 2020
Published:
23 October 2020
Abstract: Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme present in the cytoplasm of all cells in the body and protects red blood cells from certain attacks. The anomaly is genetically inherited in a recessive manner, linked to the X chromosome. Currently, an estimated 420 million individuals lack G6PD worldwide and its incidence varies between 1-25% in some African populations. This was an analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection that took place from May to November 2018, i.e. six (6) months. Our study included 108 blood donors, 88 men and 20 women. The samples were stored at 2-8 ° C for 24 hours while awaiting handling. The determination of the enzymatic activity of G6PD was carried out by the spectrophotometric method using a commercially available kit. 02/108 subjects studied (ie a prevalence of 1.85%) were deficient in our study. These two deficit were mostly young and between 18-25 years old only male. They were originally from the plateau and observed in the blood transfusion station (PTS) of the Talangai referral hospital. The mean hemoglobin value in normal subjects was 12.53 g / dl in men and 11.3 g / dl in women. In contrast, the average hemoglobin value was 10.45 g / dl in the deficient patients. The mean value of G6PD enzyme activity in normal subjects was 11.7 IU / g hemoglobin in men, 11.54 IU / g hemoglobin in women and in deficient subjects was 2.83 IU / g hemoglobin. As the results of our study show, G6PD deficiency affects hemoglobin levels.
Abstract: Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme present in the cytoplasm of all cells in the body and protects red blood cells from certain attacks. The anomaly is genetically inherited in a recessive manner, linked to the X chromosome. Currently, an estimated 420 million individuals lack G6PD worldwide and its incidence varies between 1-25% ...
Show More
-
Potential Inhibitor Against Phase Separation, 1,6-hexanediol Specifically Binds to Beta Actin in Nuclear Extract of Human Cell Line
Naomi Ueda,
Yuki Hirose,
Ryoma Yoneda,
Toshikazu Bando,
Riki Kurokawa
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
89-97
Received:
8 October 2020
Accepted:
24 October 2020
Published:
4 November 2020
Abstract: RNA-binding protein (RBP) TLS/FUS plays a major role in induction of phase separation/phase transition and aggregation in relation to familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Recently, organelles without lipid-bilayer membrane including stress granule, Cajal body, and nucleolus are found to be formed by the phase separation. The phase separation is an event that solutions with two solvents separate into two distinctive phases. The phase separation is prone to have solid phase and forms harmful precipitation or aggregation against living cells, indicating that the phase separation has both benefit and risk on cellular programs. Thus, it is essential for utilization of the phase separation in divergent cellular programs to control or inhibit the undesirable precipitation in living cells. Here, we analyze an inhibitory mechanism of the phase separation and precipitation. Inhibition of the phase separation is one of a critical regulatory step to prevent dysregulation of the phase separation and resulting deleterious precipitations. An inhibitory agent against the phase separation, amphiphilic alcohol, 1,6-hexanediol (1,6-HD) has been reported to examine function of phase separations. Thus, affinity chromatography of biotinylated 1,6-HD is employed to identify an initial event induced by 1,6-HD. Upon successful synthesis of biotinylated compounds of 1,6-HD (bio-1,6-HD), the affinity chromatography with bio-1,6-HD has been established at this study. The bio-1,6-HD captured protein bands on SDS-PAGE gel from HeLa cell nuclear extracts. The bands were analyzed with mass spectrometric analyses, showing that the proteins should be cytoskeleton related proteins. Further analysis using specific antibodies revealed one of the bands as human beta actin. It has been shown that beta actin is involved in divergent cellular activities including the phase separation and also neuronal functions like long-term potentiation. Therefore, beta actin might initiate the 1,6-HD-induced inhibition of the precipitation, although more experiments should be required to test whether it actually works in living cells.
Abstract: RNA-binding protein (RBP) TLS/FUS plays a major role in induction of phase separation/phase transition and aggregation in relation to familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Recently, organelles without lipid-bilayer membrane including stress granule, Cajal body, and nucleolus are found to be formed by the phase separation. The phase separati...
Show More
-
Ultrasound Biometry of the Non-pregnant Uterus in Beninese Women
Hubert Cocou Hounsossou,
Aime Malomon Bonou,
Marc Thierry Medehouenou,
Tiburce Houndeffo,
Servais Yelognisse Gandji,
Timothe Djogbede,
Gilbert Ogoungbe
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
98-101
Received:
11 November 2020
Accepted:
25 November 2020
Published:
4 December 2020
Abstract: Uterus is a female organ that undergoes enormous variations during her genital life. To study the dimensions of the normal uterine biometry of Beninese women outside pregnancy. This study was a cross-sectional prospective study from November 05, 2009 to July 31, 2010. It involved 119 Beninese women aged 13 to 70 years identified in two ultrasonography services, namely Autonomous Centre of Radiology (CAR) of EPAC-UAC (Polytechnic School of Abomey Calavi) and the Principal Hospital of Ouidah. The study focused on women who came to ACR to undergo pelvic ultrasound. Included in our sample, women who did not present uterine pathologies such as fibroma, synechia, polyp, cancer, with no uterine scar on ultrasound. Excluded from the study, pregnant women, women who had a cesarean section. Measurements were made in longitudinal and transverse sections by supra-pelvic ultrasound. Uterine length and its thickness were performed on the longitudinal section and its width on the cross-section. The average size of the Beninese woman's uterus were: length=86.17 mm; width=49.24 mm; thickness=37.42 mm. According to the parity we have for nulliparous (length=80.08 mm; width=48.02 mm; thicknes=35.70 mm), primiparous (length=88.47 mm; width=48.24 mm; thickness=37.47 mm), multiparous (length=99.33 mm; width=52.43 mm; thickness=41.50 mm). The dimensions of the non-pregnant uterus of Beninese women were 86.17mm (lC 95%: 83.09 - 92.40) for the length, 49.24 mm (95% CI: 47.45 - 51.02) for the width and 37.42 (IC 95%: 36.02 38.81). All these dimensions increase with parity. Parity is a factor which contribute to the uterine size variation.
Abstract: Uterus is a female organ that undergoes enormous variations during her genital life. To study the dimensions of the normal uterine biometry of Beninese women outside pregnancy. This study was a cross-sectional prospective study from November 05, 2009 to July 31, 2010. It involved 119 Beninese women aged 13 to 70 years identified in two ultrasonogra...
Show More
-
Management of Common Bile Duct Stones: A Comprehensive Review
Inamullah,
Syed Muhammad Ali,
Burhan Khan,
Fakhar Shahid,
Zia Aftab,
Mohannad Al-Tarakji,
Ejaz Latif,
Ahmed Zarour
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
102-110
Received:
26 November 2020
Accepted:
8 December 2020
Published:
16 December 2020
Abstract: Bile duct stones (BDS) are usually secondary to gallstones but may be found primarily in biliary system, although the percentage is minimal. They are usually suspected on history and clinical examination alone but symptoms may be variable ranging from asymptomatic to complications such as biliary colic, pancreatitis, jaundice or cholangitis, the latter can be life-threatening in some patients. Abnormalities in the liver function tests especially the elevated direct bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase indirectly raise the suspicion. The majority of BDS can be diagnosed by Transabdominal Ultrasound, but in some cases further imaging such as, Computed Tomography, Endoscopic Ultrasound or Magnetic Resonance Cholangiography are employed prior to endoscopic or laparoscopic removal. Approximately 90% of BDS can be removed following Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography (ERC) + sphincterotomy. Most of the remaining stones can be removed using mechanical lithotripsy. Patients with uncorrected coagulopathies may be treated with ERC + pneumatic dilatation of the sphincter of Oddi. Shockwave lithotripsy (intraductal and extracorporeal) and laser lithotripsy have also been used to fragment large bile duct stones prior to endoscopic removal. Despite all the minimally invasive procedures the role of open surgery for the removal of difficult or impacted stones cannot be completely forgotten. The role of medical therapy in treatment of BDS is currently uncertain. This review focuses on the clinical presentation, investigation and current management of BDS.
Abstract: Bile duct stones (BDS) are usually secondary to gallstones but may be found primarily in biliary system, although the percentage is minimal. They are usually suspected on history and clinical examination alone but symptoms may be variable ranging from asymptomatic to complications such as biliary colic, pancreatitis, jaundice or cholangitis, the la...
Show More
-
Bibliometric Analysis of Original Articles on CAR-T Cell Therapy
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
111-119
Received:
14 September 2020
Accepted:
19 October 2020
Published:
22 December 2020
Abstract: Background: Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs)-engineered T cells (CAR-T cells) therapy is a promising immunotherapy for leukemia. Encouraged by the world's first adult patient who underwent the clinical trial of CAR-T cells therapy achieved great success, more and more institutions and pharmaceutical companies devoted to the CAR-T R&D. This study aimed at exploring the status and trends of current researches on CAR-T cell therapy through bibliometric analysis. Methods: Original publications on CAR-T cell therapy were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection between 2007 and 2019.11.14. Data were analyzed in terms of publication outputs, journals, countries, institutions, authors, co-authorship, co-citation, research hotspots and evolution trends through VOSviewer and CiteSpace. Results: A total of 961 publications were identified in the period of 2007 to 2019. Molecular Therapy published the highest number of publications, followed by followed by Blood, Clinical Cancer Research and Cancer Immunology Research. The USA, which devoted the largest number of articles and the most extensive cooperation with other countries, was the most leading country in this field. The University of Pennsylvania published the largest number of articles were the most influential institution. June CH was the most productive authors in this field. Maude SL had the most cited article published on New Engl J Med in 2014. The hotspots of CAR-T cell therapy research were “CAR”, “immunotherapy”, “lymphocyte”, “antitumor activity” and “leukemia, whereas the major frontier was chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Conclusion: This study gives investigators the landscape of CAR-T cell therapy research from the perspective of bibliometrics.
Abstract: Background: Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs)-engineered T cells (CAR-T cells) therapy is a promising immunotherapy for leukemia. Encouraged by the world's first adult patient who underwent the clinical trial of CAR-T cells therapy achieved great success, more and more institutions and pharmaceutical companies devoted to the CAR-T R&D. This study a...
Show More
-
The Relationship Between Height Components and Bi-iliac/Bi-acromial Index with Blood Pressure Among Chakma Tribal Children of Tripura Aged 6-16 Years
Satyapriya Roy,
Ashia Sreedhar,
Shilpi Saha
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
120-128
Received:
30 November 2020
Accepted:
18 December 2020
Published:
22 December 2020
Abstract: Blood pressure in pre-pubertal and pubertal age group is now an alarming situation to health professionals worldwide. Little knowledge is still with us about how different body composition parameters correlate with blood pressure. Blood pressure (BP) correlates with various factors like weight, height, sitting height (SH) among children and adolescents in developed countries with upper-middle socio-economic society. Intention of present research work is to contrast sitting height, relative sitting height ratio (Cormic Index), biiliocristal to biacromial ratio and BMI of rural Chakma boys and girls between the age 6-16 years of Tripura, North-eastern State, with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANESIII) reference data to conclude the correlation among sitting height, relative sitting height ratio, biiliocristal-biacromial ratio and BMI with BP among Chakma children of lower socio-economic group of Tripura. A total of 1350 children (676 boys and 674 girls) of 12 government schools from Chakma community aged 6-16 years were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method of North and Dhalai district of Tripura, undergo blood pressure and anthropometric measurements using standard techniques. Multiple regression is applied for establishing the relationship between height, sitting height, relative sitting height ratio, biiliocristal-biacromial ratio and BMI with Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and Diastolic blood presure (DBP) among these children. In comparison with NHANES III reference data, Chakma children aged 6 to 16 years showed lower mean sitting height value. In the multiple regression analysis, sitting height is positively associated with systolic BP (β=0.893; 95% Ci=0.964-0.966) and diastolic BP (β=0.505; 95% Ci=0.935-0.938) in both the sexes. The results of present research work is statistically significant for both sitting height and cormic index with systolic BP (β=0.650; 95% Ci=0.963-0.970 and β=0.103; 95% Ci=0.963-0.970 respectively), whereas only sitting height remains significant with diastolic BP (β=3.519; 95% Ci=0.934-0.946) after being adjusted for age, gender and BMI among Chakma children. The present findings recommended a must large population based research work after being adjusted for factors like dietary habits, athletic performance, salt intake, socio-economic status etc. for accurate estimation of predominance of hypertension among North-eastern children and adolescents. Significant positive association was found between systolic and diastolic blood pressure together with the height, sitting height, relative sitting height ratio among studied population.
Abstract: Blood pressure in pre-pubertal and pubertal age group is now an alarming situation to health professionals worldwide. Little knowledge is still with us about how different body composition parameters correlate with blood pressure. Blood pressure (BP) correlates with various factors like weight, height, sitting height (SH) among children and adolesc...
Show More
