It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals

Xu Changxiang; Zhang Xiaozhong; Chen Youjun

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11

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It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals

Xu Changxiang, Zhang Xiaozhong, Chen Youjun

Published in International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering (Volume 5, Issue 4-1)

Received: 22 June 2016 Accepted: 25 June 2016 Published: 24 August 2016

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Abstract

According to definitions in the international standard JCGM 200, physical quantities, divided into base quantity and derived quantity, are a property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference (a measurement unit); a base quantity cannot be expressed in terms of the others, and a derived quantity can be defined in terms of the base quantities of its system; and these base and derived quantities are related to each other by some laws and their equations. In the International System of Quantities, tightness or leak resistance is a derived quantity defined by a sealing or leaking law, which is the product of pressure p and time t expended on leaking a unit cubage of fluid through the sealing joints of a pressure vessel or system at a constant pressure, but by no means the reciprocal of “leakage rate” fabricated by the international standards. Various fluid circuits in pipes, on objects and in joints differ only in their fluid (leak) resistance and reactance, and it is impossible to know how to identify and control a fluid circuit before knowing these physical quantities. All the international basic standards of seals should be abrogated as soon as possible because they were so enacted before knowing what the leak resistance (tightness) and the qualified seal are and how to design, install and inspect a seal that it is impossible to count on them providing any effective control of leakage for a pressure vessel or system.

Published in	International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering (Volume 5, Issue 4-1) This article belongs to the Special Issue Xu’s Sealing and Flowing Theories of Fluids
DOI	10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11
Page(s)	1-12
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Physical Quantity, Fluid Resistance, Leak Resistance (Tightness), Fluid Reactance, Seal, Fluid Circuit

References

[1]	Hydraulic analogy. The Free Encyclopedia, Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_analogy.
[2]	Ohm's law. The Free Encyclopedia, Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohm%27s_law#cite_ref-18
[3]	Hagen-Poiseuille equation. The Free Encyclopedia, Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagen–Poiseuille_equation
[4]	Xu Changxiang, Zhang Xiaozhong, Chen Youjun. Pressure Energy, Resistance and Reactance in Fluid Leak and Flow [J]. Hydraulics Pneumatics & Seals, 2015, Volume 35 (9): 4-10.
[5]	Poiseuille’s Law. The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition. http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Poiseuille's+law
[6]	ASTM WK10193 New Recommended Practice for Gasket Constants for Bolted Joint Design [S].
[7]	EN 13555 Flanges and Their Joints - Gasket Parameters and Test Procedures Relevant to the Design Rules for Gasketed Circular Flange Connections [S].
[8]	ASME B16.34 Valves−Flanged, Threaded, and Welded End [S]
[9]	ISO 5208 Industrial Valves - Pressure Testing of Metallic Valves [S].
[10]	ISO 19879 Metallic Tube Connections for Fluid Power and General Use - Test Methods for Hydraulic Fluid Power Connections [S].
[11]	Applications Engineering of Garlock. Gasket Constants for the Layman. Garlock’s Technical Bulletin, 2004.
[12]	Xu Changxiang. Xu’s Sealing Theory and Rectangular & O-Shaped Ring Seals [J]. Petro-Chemical Equipment, 2013, 42(2): 78-85.
[13]	ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Mandatory Appendix 2 Rules for Bolted Flange Connections with Ring Type Gaskets [S].
[14]	ISO 3601–2008, Fluid Power System – O-rings [S].
[15]	MSS SP-120 Flexible Graphite Packing System for Rising Stem Steel Valves – Design Requirements [S].
[16]	MSS SP-132 Compression Packing Systems for Instrument Valves [S].
[17]	ISO 7-1–1994 Pipe Threads Where Pressure-Tight Joints Are Made on the Threads – Part 1: Dimensions, Tolerances and Designation [S].
[18]	ASME B1.20.1–2013 Pipe Threads, General Purpose [S].

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APA Style

Xu Changxiang, Zhang Xiaozhong, Chen Youjun. (2016). It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals. International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering, 5(4-1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11

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ACS Style

Xu Changxiang; Zhang Xiaozhong; Chen Youjun. It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals. Int. J. Energy Power Eng. 2016, 5(4-1), 1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11

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AMA Style

Xu Changxiang, Zhang Xiaozhong, Chen Youjun. It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals. Int J Energy Power Eng. 2016;5(4-1):1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11,
  author = {Xu Changxiang and Zhang Xiaozhong and Chen Youjun},
  title = {It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals},
  journal = {International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering},
  volume = {5},
  number = {4-1},
  pages = {1-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11},
  abstract = {According to definitions in the international standard JCGM 200, physical quantities, divided into base quantity and derived quantity, are a property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference (a measurement unit); a base quantity cannot be expressed in terms of the others, and a derived quantity can be defined in terms of the base quantities of its system; and these base and derived quantities are related to each other by some laws and their equations. In the International System of Quantities, tightness or leak resistance is a derived quantity defined by a sealing or leaking law, which is the product of pressure p and time t expended on leaking a unit cubage of fluid through the sealing joints of a pressure vessel or system at a constant pressure, but by no means the reciprocal of “leakage rate” fabricated by the international standards. Various fluid circuits in pipes, on objects and in joints differ only in their fluid (leak) resistance and reactance, and it is impossible to know how to identify and control a fluid circuit before knowing these physical quantities. All the international basic standards of seals should be abrogated as soon as possible because they were so enacted before knowing what the leak resistance (tightness) and the qualified seal are and how to design, install and inspect a seal that it is impossible to count on them providing any effective control of leakage for a pressure vessel or system.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals
AU  - Xu Changxiang
AU  - Zhang Xiaozhong
AU  - Chen Youjun
Y1  - 2016/08/24
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11
T2  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-960X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11
AB  - According to definitions in the international standard JCGM 200, physical quantities, divided into base quantity and derived quantity, are a property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference (a measurement unit); a base quantity cannot be expressed in terms of the others, and a derived quantity can be defined in terms of the base quantities of its system; and these base and derived quantities are related to each other by some laws and their equations. In the International System of Quantities, tightness or leak resistance is a derived quantity defined by a sealing or leaking law, which is the product of pressure p and time t expended on leaking a unit cubage of fluid through the sealing joints of a pressure vessel or system at a constant pressure, but by no means the reciprocal of “leakage rate” fabricated by the international standards. Various fluid circuits in pipes, on objects and in joints differ only in their fluid (leak) resistance and reactance, and it is impossible to know how to identify and control a fluid circuit before knowing these physical quantities. All the international basic standards of seals should be abrogated as soon as possible because they were so enacted before knowing what the leak resistance (tightness) and the qualified seal are and how to design, install and inspect a seal that it is impossible to count on them providing any effective control of leakage for a pressure vessel or system.
VL  - 5
IS  - 4-1
ER  -

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Author Information

Xu Changxiang

Baoyi Group Co. Ltd., Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325105, China
Zhang Xiaozhong

Baoyi Group Co. Ltd., Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325105, China
Chen Youjun

Baoyi Group Co. Ltd., Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325105, China

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APA Style

Xu Changxiang, Zhang Xiaozhong, Chen Youjun. (2016). It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals. International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering, 5(4-1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11

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ACS Style

Xu Changxiang; Zhang Xiaozhong; Chen Youjun. It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals. Int. J. Energy Power Eng. 2016, 5(4-1), 1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11

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AMA Style

Xu Changxiang, Zhang Xiaozhong, Chen Youjun. It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals. Int J Energy Power Eng. 2016;5(4-1):1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11,
  author = {Xu Changxiang and Zhang Xiaozhong and Chen Youjun},
  title = {It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals},
  journal = {International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering},
  volume = {5},
  number = {4-1},
  pages = {1-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11},
  abstract = {According to definitions in the international standard JCGM 200, physical quantities, divided into base quantity and derived quantity, are a property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference (a measurement unit); a base quantity cannot be expressed in terms of the others, and a derived quantity can be defined in terms of the base quantities of its system; and these base and derived quantities are related to each other by some laws and their equations. In the International System of Quantities, tightness or leak resistance is a derived quantity defined by a sealing or leaking law, which is the product of pressure p and time t expended on leaking a unit cubage of fluid through the sealing joints of a pressure vessel or system at a constant pressure, but by no means the reciprocal of “leakage rate” fabricated by the international standards. Various fluid circuits in pipes, on objects and in joints differ only in their fluid (leak) resistance and reactance, and it is impossible to know how to identify and control a fluid circuit before knowing these physical quantities. All the international basic standards of seals should be abrogated as soon as possible because they were so enacted before knowing what the leak resistance (tightness) and the qualified seal are and how to design, install and inspect a seal that it is impossible to count on them providing any effective control of leakage for a pressure vessel or system.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - It Is Necessary to Abrogate All the International Basic Standards of Seals
AU  - Xu Changxiang
AU  - Zhang Xiaozhong
AU  - Chen Youjun
Y1  - 2016/08/24
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11
T2  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-960X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.s.2016050401.11
AB  - According to definitions in the international standard JCGM 200, physical quantities, divided into base quantity and derived quantity, are a property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as a number and a reference (a measurement unit); a base quantity cannot be expressed in terms of the others, and a derived quantity can be defined in terms of the base quantities of its system; and these base and derived quantities are related to each other by some laws and their equations. In the International System of Quantities, tightness or leak resistance is a derived quantity defined by a sealing or leaking law, which is the product of pressure p and time t expended on leaking a unit cubage of fluid through the sealing joints of a pressure vessel or system at a constant pressure, but by no means the reciprocal of “leakage rate” fabricated by the international standards. Various fluid circuits in pipes, on objects and in joints differ only in their fluid (leak) resistance and reactance, and it is impossible to know how to identify and control a fluid circuit before knowing these physical quantities. All the international basic standards of seals should be abrogated as soon as possible because they were so enacted before knowing what the leak resistance (tightness) and the qualified seal are and how to design, install and inspect a seal that it is impossible to count on them providing any effective control of leakage for a pressure vessel or system.
VL  - 5
IS  - 4-1
ER  -

Copy | Download