Plant

| Peer-Reviewed |

Anatomical Characteristics of Stem and Leaf in Euphorbia hirta L.

Received: 06 September 2016    Accepted: 21 September 2016    Published: 23 November 2016
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

The stem and leaf anatomical studies of Euphorbia hirta L. were conducted for finding identical traits. The fresh hand sections were stained with safranin and examined under light microscope. Cross section of the stem has a circular shape where epidermis was uniseriate and isodiametric. Cortex was distinctly formed with about 5-6 rows composed of chlorenchyma and found laticifers. Tracheary elements were resembled by vessels and trachieds. In most cases, some pith cells were filled laticifers at young stage and it has a distinct gap or central cavity at maturation stage. In leaf, the epidermis was uniseriate, regular, thin walled, usually similar in diameters and covered with thin cuticle layer. Multicellular uniseriate or gland-like trichomes occur in rugose hairs at epidermis. Mesophyll was differentiated into palisade and spongy layers, was composed of parenchyma cells. The palisade layer assembled with 2 rows of cells. The spongy layer thickness was different around the midrib region, compared with other parts, has 2-6 rows of cells. Laticifers were present at the middle part of the mesophyll. Xylem elements in midrib initiated perfectly and composed of many straight rows of mainly vessels where the phloem elements were abundant and occupied a good part of the vascular bundle as a semicircle shape. The stem and leaf anatomy of this species studied here showed laticifers in cortex zone and pith cells, and middle part of the mesophyll, respectively, was a taxonomic trait for this species.

DOI 10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12
Published in Plant (Volume 5, Issue 1, January 2017)
Page(s) 9-12
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anatomy, Euphorbia hirta, Laticifers, Leaf, Stem

References
[1] Ahmad MP, Hussain A, Siddiqui HH and Wahab S. 2012. Macroscpical anatomical and physic-chemical studies of Euphorbiia hirta Linn. growing widely on eastern uttar pardesh region of India. International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research, 3 (7): 541-545.
[2] Aldhebiani A and Jury S. 2013. Anatomical studies on the genus Euphorbia L. Saudi Arabia (Subgenera: Triucalli, Ermophyton, Esula and Chamaesyce). International Research Journal of Plant Science, 4 (6): 168-191.
[3] Baruah A and Nath SC. 1997. Studies on the foliar epidermal characters of some members of the Euphorbiaceae. Advances in Plant Sciences, 10: 117-123.
[4] Carlquist S. 1961. Comparative Plant Anatomy. Holt, Rinehart &Winston, New York.
[5] Council of Industrial and Scientific Research. 2005. The Wealth of India (Raw material), Vol 3. Council of Industrial and Scientific Research, New Delhi.
[6] Essiett UA, Illoh HC and Udoh UE. 2012. Leaf epidermal studies of three species of Euphorbia in Akwa Ibom State Adv. Appl. Sci. Res., 3 (4): 2481-2491.
[7] Gagliardi KB, Rosado A, Antonio de Souza L, Moscheta IS and Albiero ALM. 2012. Structure and development of fruits and seeds of weed species of Euphorbiaceae. Acta Botanica Brasilica, 26 (1): 38-45.
[8] Gale RC and Toma C. 2006. Comparative anatomy of the vegetative organs of some Euphorbia species (Euphorbiaceae juss.) from the Romanian flora. Romanian Journal of Biology-Plant Biology, 51: 39-47.
[9] Gaucher L. 1898. Ētude Anatomique du Genre Euphorbia L. P. Klincksieck, Paris.
[10] Gaucher L. 1902. Recherches anatomiques sur les Euphorbiacées. Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique, 15: 161-309.
[11] Kakkar L and Paliwal GS. 1972. Epidermis in Euphorbia. Indian Science Congress Association Proceedings, 59: 326-327.
[12] Kakkar L and Paliwal GS. 1974. Studies on the leaf anatomy of Euphorbia Epidermis. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy Part B Biological Sciences, 40: 55-67.
[13] Kirtikar KR and Basu BD. 2003. Indian Medicinal Plants with Illustrations. Dehradun, India: Oriental Enterprises.
[14] Metcalfe CR and Chalk L. 1950. Anatomy of the Dicotyledons: Leaves, Stem and Wood in Relation to Taxonomy with Notes on Economic Uses. Oxford: Oxford Clarendon Press, v. 1. 1500 p.
[15] Prajapati ND, Purohit SS, Sharma AK and Kumar T. 2003. Handbook of Medicinal Plants. Jodhpur, India: Agarbios.
[16] Raju VS and Rao PN. 1977. Variation in the structure and development of foliar stomata in the Euphorbiaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 75: 69-97.
[17] Rao PN and Raju VS. 1985. Foliar trichomes in the family Euphorbiaceae. Advances in Plant Sciences, 128-136.
[18] Rosowski JR. 1968. Laticifer morphology in the mature stem and leaf of Euphorbia supina. Botanical Gazette, 129: 113-120.
[19] Sehgal L and Paliwal GS. 1974. Studies on the leaf anatomy of Euphorbia venation patterns. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 68: 173-208.
[20] Sereena K and Shahida TA. 2015. Comparative anatomical and histochemical studies of Euphorbia hirta L. and Euphorbia thymifolia L. (stem). IJPSR, 6 (2): 772-777.
[21] Solereder H. 1908. Systematic Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Oxford, Clarendon Press. p. 643.
[22] Sultana RS. 2016. Stem and leaf anatomy of Lantana camara L. - a Plant of the Verbenaceae Family. Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Plant Biol., 3 (1): 27-31.
[23] Williamson EM. 2002. Major Herbs of Ayurveda. China: Churchill Livingstone.
[24] Zahra NB, Ahmad M, Shinwari ZK, Zafar M and Sultana S. 2014. Systematic Significance of anatomical characterization in some euphorbiaceous species. Pak. J. Bot., 46 (5): 1653-1661.
Author Information
  • Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana. (2016). Anatomical Characteristics of Stem and Leaf in Euphorbia hirta L.. Plant, 5(1), 9-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana. Anatomical Characteristics of Stem and Leaf in Euphorbia hirta L.. Plant. 2016, 5(1), 9-12. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana. Anatomical Characteristics of Stem and Leaf in Euphorbia hirta L.. Plant. 2016;5(1):9-12. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12,
      author = {Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana},
      title = {Anatomical Characteristics of Stem and Leaf in  Euphorbia hirta L.},
      journal = {Plant},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {9-12},
      doi = {10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plant.20170501.12},
      abstract = {The stem and leaf anatomical studies of Euphorbia hirta L. were conducted for finding identical traits. The fresh hand sections were stained with safranin and examined under light microscope. Cross section of the stem has a circular shape where epidermis was uniseriate and isodiametric. Cortex was distinctly formed with about 5-6 rows composed of chlorenchyma and found laticifers. Tracheary elements were resembled by vessels and trachieds. In most cases, some pith cells were filled laticifers at young stage and it has a distinct gap or central cavity at maturation stage. In leaf, the epidermis was uniseriate, regular, thin walled, usually similar in diameters and covered with thin cuticle layer. Multicellular uniseriate or gland-like trichomes occur in rugose hairs at epidermis. Mesophyll was differentiated into palisade and spongy layers, was composed of parenchyma cells. The palisade layer assembled with 2 rows of cells. The spongy layer thickness was different around the midrib region, compared with other parts, has 2-6 rows of cells. Laticifers were present at the middle part of the mesophyll. Xylem elements in midrib initiated perfectly and composed of many straight rows of mainly vessels where the phloem elements were abundant and occupied a good part of the vascular bundle as a semicircle shape. The stem and leaf anatomy of this species studied here showed laticifers in cortex zone and pith cells, and middle part of the mesophyll, respectively, was a taxonomic trait for this species.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Anatomical Characteristics of Stem and Leaf in  Euphorbia hirta L.
    AU  - Rubaiyat Sharmin Sultana
    Y1  - 2016/11/23
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12
    T2  - Plant
    JF  - Plant
    JO  - Plant
    SP  - 9
    EP  - 12
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2331-0677
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12
    AB  - The stem and leaf anatomical studies of Euphorbia hirta L. were conducted for finding identical traits. The fresh hand sections were stained with safranin and examined under light microscope. Cross section of the stem has a circular shape where epidermis was uniseriate and isodiametric. Cortex was distinctly formed with about 5-6 rows composed of chlorenchyma and found laticifers. Tracheary elements were resembled by vessels and trachieds. In most cases, some pith cells were filled laticifers at young stage and it has a distinct gap or central cavity at maturation stage. In leaf, the epidermis was uniseriate, regular, thin walled, usually similar in diameters and covered with thin cuticle layer. Multicellular uniseriate or gland-like trichomes occur in rugose hairs at epidermis. Mesophyll was differentiated into palisade and spongy layers, was composed of parenchyma cells. The palisade layer assembled with 2 rows of cells. The spongy layer thickness was different around the midrib region, compared with other parts, has 2-6 rows of cells. Laticifers were present at the middle part of the mesophyll. Xylem elements in midrib initiated perfectly and composed of many straight rows of mainly vessels where the phloem elements were abundant and occupied a good part of the vascular bundle as a semicircle shape. The stem and leaf anatomy of this species studied here showed laticifers in cortex zone and pith cells, and middle part of the mesophyll, respectively, was a taxonomic trait for this species.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections