A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era

Kandi Venkataramana

doi:doi:10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11

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A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era

Kandi Venkataramana

Published in American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 1, Issue 2)

Received: 15 March 2013 Accepted: Published: 2 April 2013

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Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the causative agent in AIDS has been a challenge to medical fraternity from the time since it was first discovered in 1983. About 40 million people are living with HIV infection globally and 99% of the infected people are in south East Asia (SEA). With inception of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the quality of life of HIV infected individuals is gradually improving. The number of people contracting new infections has been on decline globally and those having access to HAART are increasing. Close monitoring of HIV infected patients is essential in reducing the morbidity and mortality of HIV patients. Monitoring HIV disease progression, deciding the time to initiate HAART requires evaluation of TCD4+ cell counts and HIV/RNA viral load at regular intervals. Considering the fact that it is the resource restrained developing countries that carry most of the burden of HIV, studies recently have been carried out to evaluate the utility of low cost, easily performed alternate biomarkers that can be used for HIV disease management and response to HAART therapy. Very few studies are available that have demonstrated the role of alternate biomarkers to monitor HIV disease progression and assessing response to HAART.

Published in	American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 1, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11
Page(s)	24-37
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), Alternate biomark-ers

References

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Kandi Venkataramana. (2013). A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era. American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 1(2), 24-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11

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Kandi Venkataramana. A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era. Am. J. BioSci. Bioeng. 2013, 1(2), 24-37. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11

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Kandi Venkataramana. A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era. Am J BioSci Bioeng. 2013;1(2):24-37. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11,
  author = {Kandi Venkataramana},
  title = {A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era},
  journal = {American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {1},
  number = {2},
  pages = {24-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bio.20130102.11},
  abstract = {Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the causative agent in AIDS has been a challenge to medical fraternity from the time since it was first discovered in 1983. About 40 million people are living with HIV infection globally and 99% of the infected people are in south East Asia (SEA). With inception of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the quality of life of HIV infected individuals is gradually improving. The number of people contracting new infections has been on decline globally and those having access to HAART are increasing. Close monitoring of HIV infected patients is essential in reducing the morbidity and mortality of HIV patients. Monitoring HIV disease progression, deciding the time to initiate HAART requires evaluation of TCD4+ cell counts and HIV/RNA viral load at regular intervals. Considering the fact that it is the resource restrained developing countries that carry most of the burden of HIV, studies recently have been carried out to evaluate the utility of low cost, easily performed alternate biomarkers that can be used for HIV disease management and response to HAART therapy. Very few studies are available that have demonstrated the role of alternate biomarkers to monitor HIV disease progression and assessing response to HAART.},
 year = {2013}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era
AU  - Kandi Venkataramana
Y1  - 2013/04/02
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DO  - 10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11
T2  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JF  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
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AB  - Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the causative agent in AIDS has been a challenge to medical fraternity from the time since it was first discovered in 1983. About 40 million people are living with HIV infection globally and 99% of the infected people are in south East Asia (SEA). With inception of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the quality of life of HIV infected individuals is gradually improving. The number of people contracting new infections has been on decline globally and those having access to HAART are increasing. Close monitoring of HIV infected patients is essential in reducing the morbidity and mortality of HIV patients. Monitoring HIV disease progression, deciding the time to initiate HAART requires evaluation of TCD4+ cell counts and HIV/RNA viral load at regular intervals. Considering the fact that it is the resource restrained developing countries that carry most of the burden of HIV, studies recently have been carried out to evaluate the utility of low cost, easily performed alternate biomarkers that can be used for HIV disease management and response to HAART therapy. Very few studies are available that have demonstrated the role of alternate biomarkers to monitor HIV disease progression and assessing response to HAART.
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Kandi Venkataramana

Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of doctor of philosophy

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Kandi Venkataramana. (2013). A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era. American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 1(2), 24-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11

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Kandi Venkataramana. A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era. Am. J. BioSci. Bioeng. 2013, 1(2), 24-37. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11

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Kandi Venkataramana. A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era. Am J BioSci Bioeng. 2013;1(2):24-37. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11,
  author = {Kandi Venkataramana},
  title = {A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era},
  journal = {American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {1},
  number = {2},
  pages = {24-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bio.20130102.11},
  abstract = {Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the causative agent in AIDS has been a challenge to medical fraternity from the time since it was first discovered in 1983. About 40 million people are living with HIV infection globally and 99% of the infected people are in south East Asia (SEA). With inception of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the quality of life of HIV infected individuals is gradually improving. The number of people contracting new infections has been on decline globally and those having access to HAART are increasing. Close monitoring of HIV infected patients is essential in reducing the morbidity and mortality of HIV patients. Monitoring HIV disease progression, deciding the time to initiate HAART requires evaluation of TCD4+ cell counts and HIV/RNA viral load at regular intervals. Considering the fact that it is the resource restrained developing countries that carry most of the burden of HIV, studies recently have been carried out to evaluate the utility of low cost, easily performed alternate biomarkers that can be used for HIV disease management and response to HAART therapy. Very few studies are available that have demonstrated the role of alternate biomarkers to monitor HIV disease progression and assessing response to HAART.},
 year = {2013}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Study of Biological Markers in HIV Disease Progression and Management in yhe Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Era
AU  - Kandi Venkataramana
Y1  - 2013/04/02
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11
T2  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JF  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JO  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
SP  - 24
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5893
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20130102.11
AB  - Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the causative agent in AIDS has been a challenge to medical fraternity from the time since it was first discovered in 1983. About 40 million people are living with HIV infection globally and 99% of the infected people are in south East Asia (SEA). With inception of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the quality of life of HIV infected individuals is gradually improving. The number of people contracting new infections has been on decline globally and those having access to HAART are increasing. Close monitoring of HIV infected patients is essential in reducing the morbidity and mortality of HIV patients. Monitoring HIV disease progression, deciding the time to initiate HAART requires evaluation of TCD4+ cell counts and HIV/RNA viral load at regular intervals. Considering the fact that it is the resource restrained developing countries that carry most of the burden of HIV, studies recently have been carried out to evaluate the utility of low cost, easily performed alternate biomarkers that can be used for HIV disease management and response to HAART therapy. Very few studies are available that have demonstrated the role of alternate biomarkers to monitor HIV disease progression and assessing response to HAART.
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
ER  -

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