Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium

Ahmed Fawzy; Ishaq Zaafarany; Ismail Althagafi; Ameena Al-Bonayan; Faten Aljiffrey

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13

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Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium

Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq Zaafarany, Ismail Althagafi, Ameena Al-Bonayan, Faten Aljiffrey

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 21 February 2016 Accepted: 6 March 2016 Published: 19 March 2016

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Abstract

In alkaline medium, the kinetics of oxidation of two substituted benzazolylformamidines, namely N, N-dimethyl-N’-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) formamidine (BIF) and N, N-dimethyl-N’-(benzthiazol-2-yl) formamidine (BTF) by permanganate ion has been studied spectrophotometrically at a constant ionic strength of 0.1 mol dm^-3 and at 25°C. The reactions exhibited first order kinetics with respect to [permanganate]. Fractional-first order dependences of both reactions on [reductants] and [alkali] were revealed. Increasing either ionic strength or solvent polarity of the medium had no significant effect on the rates. The final oxidation products of BIF and BTF were identified as 2-aminobenzimidazole and 2-aminobenzthiazole, respectively, in addition to dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. Under comparable experimental conditions, the oxidation rate of BIF was higher than that of BTF. The reaction mechanism adequately describing the kinetic results was proposed, and the reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism have been evaluated. The activation parameters with respect to the rate-limiting step of the reactions, along with thermodynamic quantities were computed and discussed.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13
Page(s)	50-58
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Permanganate, Oxidation, Benzazolylformamidines, Kinetics, Mechanism

References

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APA Style

Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq Zaafarany, Ismail Althagafi, Ameena Al-Bonayan, Faten Aljiffrey. (2016). Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 4(2), 50-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13

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ACS Style

Ahmed Fawzy; Ishaq Zaafarany; Ismail Althagafi; Ameena Al-Bonayan; Faten Aljiffrey. Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2016, 4(2), 50-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13

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AMA Style

Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq Zaafarany, Ismail Althagafi, Ameena Al-Bonayan, Faten Aljiffrey. Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium. Am J Appl Chem. 2016;4(2):50-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13,
  author = {Ahmed Fawzy and Ishaq Zaafarany and Ismail Althagafi and Ameena Al-Bonayan and Faten Aljiffrey},
  title = {Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {50-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20160402.13},
  abstract = {In alkaline medium, the kinetics of oxidation of two substituted benzazolylformamidines, namely N, N-dimethyl-N’-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) formamidine (BIF) and N, N-dimethyl-N’-(benzthiazol-2-yl) formamidine (BTF) by permanganate ion has been studied spectrophotometrically at a constant ionic strength of 0.1 mol dm-3 and at 25°C. The reactions exhibited first order kinetics with respect to [permanganate]. Fractional-first order dependences of both reactions on [reductants] and [alkali] were revealed. Increasing either ionic strength or solvent polarity of the medium had no significant effect on the rates. The final oxidation products of BIF and BTF were identified as 2-aminobenzimidazole and 2-aminobenzthiazole, respectively, in addition to dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. Under comparable experimental conditions, the oxidation rate of BIF was higher than that of BTF. The reaction mechanism adequately describing the kinetic results was proposed, and the reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism have been evaluated. The activation parameters with respect to the rate-limiting step of the reactions, along with thermodynamic quantities were computed and discussed.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium
AU  - Ahmed Fawzy
AU  - Ishaq Zaafarany
AU  - Ismail Althagafi
AU  - Ameena Al-Bonayan
AU  - Faten Aljiffrey
Y1  - 2016/03/19
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 50
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13
AB  - In alkaline medium, the kinetics of oxidation of two substituted benzazolylformamidines, namely N, N-dimethyl-N’-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) formamidine (BIF) and N, N-dimethyl-N’-(benzthiazol-2-yl) formamidine (BTF) by permanganate ion has been studied spectrophotometrically at a constant ionic strength of 0.1 mol dm-3 and at 25°C. The reactions exhibited first order kinetics with respect to [permanganate]. Fractional-first order dependences of both reactions on [reductants] and [alkali] were revealed. Increasing either ionic strength or solvent polarity of the medium had no significant effect on the rates. The final oxidation products of BIF and BTF were identified as 2-aminobenzimidazole and 2-aminobenzthiazole, respectively, in addition to dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. Under comparable experimental conditions, the oxidation rate of BIF was higher than that of BTF. The reaction mechanism adequately describing the kinetic results was proposed, and the reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism have been evaluated. The activation parameters with respect to the rate-limiting step of the reactions, along with thermodynamic quantities were computed and discussed.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Ahmed Fawzy

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Ishaq Zaafarany

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Ismail Althagafi

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Ameena Al-Bonayan

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Faten Aljiffrey

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

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APA Style

Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq Zaafarany, Ismail Althagafi, Ameena Al-Bonayan, Faten Aljiffrey. (2016). Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 4(2), 50-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13

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ACS Style

Ahmed Fawzy; Ishaq Zaafarany; Ismail Althagafi; Ameena Al-Bonayan; Faten Aljiffrey. Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2016, 4(2), 50-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13

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AMA Style

Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq Zaafarany, Ismail Althagafi, Ameena Al-Bonayan, Faten Aljiffrey. Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium. Am J Appl Chem. 2016;4(2):50-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13,
  author = {Ahmed Fawzy and Ishaq Zaafarany and Ismail Althagafi and Ameena Al-Bonayan and Faten Aljiffrey},
  title = {Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {50-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20160402.13},
  abstract = {In alkaline medium, the kinetics of oxidation of two substituted benzazolylformamidines, namely N, N-dimethyl-N’-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) formamidine (BIF) and N, N-dimethyl-N’-(benzthiazol-2-yl) formamidine (BTF) by permanganate ion has been studied spectrophotometrically at a constant ionic strength of 0.1 mol dm-3 and at 25°C. The reactions exhibited first order kinetics with respect to [permanganate]. Fractional-first order dependences of both reactions on [reductants] and [alkali] were revealed. Increasing either ionic strength or solvent polarity of the medium had no significant effect on the rates. The final oxidation products of BIF and BTF were identified as 2-aminobenzimidazole and 2-aminobenzthiazole, respectively, in addition to dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. Under comparable experimental conditions, the oxidation rate of BIF was higher than that of BTF. The reaction mechanism adequately describing the kinetic results was proposed, and the reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism have been evaluated. The activation parameters with respect to the rate-limiting step of the reactions, along with thermodynamic quantities were computed and discussed.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Kinetic and Mechanism of Oxidation of Benzazolylformamidines by Permanganate in Alkaline Medium
AU  - Ahmed Fawzy
AU  - Ishaq Zaafarany
AU  - Ismail Althagafi
AU  - Ameena Al-Bonayan
AU  - Faten Aljiffrey
Y1  - 2016/03/19
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 50
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20160402.13
AB  - In alkaline medium, the kinetics of oxidation of two substituted benzazolylformamidines, namely N, N-dimethyl-N’-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) formamidine (BIF) and N, N-dimethyl-N’-(benzthiazol-2-yl) formamidine (BTF) by permanganate ion has been studied spectrophotometrically at a constant ionic strength of 0.1 mol dm-3 and at 25°C. The reactions exhibited first order kinetics with respect to [permanganate]. Fractional-first order dependences of both reactions on [reductants] and [alkali] were revealed. Increasing either ionic strength or solvent polarity of the medium had no significant effect on the rates. The final oxidation products of BIF and BTF were identified as 2-aminobenzimidazole and 2-aminobenzthiazole, respectively, in addition to dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. Under comparable experimental conditions, the oxidation rate of BIF was higher than that of BTF. The reaction mechanism adequately describing the kinetic results was proposed, and the reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism have been evaluated. The activation parameters with respect to the rate-limiting step of the reactions, along with thermodynamic quantities were computed and discussed.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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