A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC)

Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho; Ukpong Anwana Abel; Eyibio Uduak Promise

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11

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A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC)

Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho, Ukpong Anwana Abel, Eyibio Uduak Promise

Published in International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 20 October 2016 Accepted: 4 November 2016 Published: 20 December 2016

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Abstract

The use of low-cost, locally available, highly efficient and eco-friendly adsorbents has been investigated as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods of removing dyes from waste water. The aim of this work was the production of coconut shell activated carbon of Congo Red (CR) dye from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption studies were carried out by observing the effects of temperature and time, and the optimal experimental conditions were ascertained. Variables such as the adsorbent dose, initial concentration of solution and pH of solution were kept constant at 1 g, 100 mg/L and 7, respectively. The adsorptive capacity and percentage colour removal was mathematically described as a function of experimental parameters and was modelled through central composite response surface methodology (CCRSM). Results showed that the adsorption capacity and the percentage colour removal increased with an increase in time and temperature. The statistical predicted optimum values were validated by carrying out three experiments and an average Congo red (CR) of 86.82% and adsorption capacity (AC) of 8.50 mg/l were obtained at a time (X₁) = -1 and a temperature (X₂) = -1. The coefficient of determination (R²) and R-Sq. (adj.) for CR found in this study were 98.28% and 97.05%, while that for AC were 87.85% and 79.16%, respectively. Thus, the study concluded that the adsorbent was found to be effective, viable and suitable for the removal of Congo Red Dye from aqueous solution and its statistical analysis increased its optimum yields.

Published in	International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11
Page(s)	7-13
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC), Congo Red (CR) Dye, Response Surface Methodology (RSM), Adsorptive Capacity, Colour Removal, Batch Absorption

References

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[4]	Okeola, O. F., Odebunmi, E. O. And Bakare, O. F. (2014): “Equilibrium and kinetic studies of adsorption of congo red by activated carbon”. Middle-East journal of scientific research. 19(11): 1425-1431.
[5]	Liu, R. L. H, Chiu, H. M, Yeh, R. Y. L (2003): “International Journal of Environmental Studies”. 59: 143-158.
[6]	Arslan, I, Balcoiglu, I. A and Tuhhkanen, T. J (2000): “Journal of Environmental Science Health”. 35: 775-793.
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[8]	Mahmoud, A. S, Ghaly, A. E and Brooks, M. S (2007): “American Journal of Environmental Sciences”. 3(4): 205-218.
[9]	Chakraborty, S., Purkait, M. K, DasGupta, S., Basu, J. K (2003): “Separation and Purification Technology”. 31, 141-151.
[10]	Bilal, A. (2004): “Journal of Colloid and Interface Science”. 274, 371-379.
[11]	Haimour, N. M, Emeish, S. (2006): “Utilization of date stones for production of activated carbon using Phosphoric acid”. Waste Management. 26, 51-60.
[12]	Diao, W. P, Fan Walawender, L. T (2002): “Activated carbon prepared from Phosphoric acid activation of grain sorghum”. Bioressour Technology. 81, 45-52.
[13]	Rafatullah, M., Sulaiman, O., Hashim, R., Ahmad, A. (2010): “Adsorption of methylene blue on low-cost adsorbents: A review”. J. Hazard., Mater., 177: 70-80.
[14]	Demirbas, A. (2009): Agricultural based activated carbons for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions. A review”. J. Hazard. Mater., 167: 1-9.
[15]	Kyzas, G. Z. and Matis, K. A. (2013): “A change from past to future for adsorbent materials in treatment of dyeing wastewaters: A review”. Materials 6: 5131-5158.
[16]	Babel, S. and Kurniawan T. A (2003): “Low-cost adsorbents for heavy metals uptake from contaminated water”. Journal of Hazard materials. 97: 219-243.
[17]	Ahmad, M. A and Alrozi, R. (2010): “Optimization of preparation conditions for mangosteen peel-based activated carbons for the removal of Remazol Brilliant Blue R using Response Surface Methodology”. Chem. Eng J. 165: 883-890.

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APA Style

Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho, Ukpong Anwana Abel, Eyibio Uduak Promise. (2016). A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC). International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry, 4(2), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11

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ACS Style

Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho; Ukpong Anwana Abel; Eyibio Uduak Promise. A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC). Int. J. Comput. Theor. Chem. 2016, 4(2), 7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11

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AMA Style

Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho, Ukpong Anwana Abel, Eyibio Uduak Promise. A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC). Int J Comput Theor Chem. 2016;4(2):7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11,
  author = {Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho and Ukpong Anwana Abel and Eyibio Uduak Promise},
  title = {A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC)},
  journal = {International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {7-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijctc.20160402.11},
  abstract = {The use of low-cost, locally available, highly efficient and eco-friendly adsorbents has been investigated as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods of removing dyes from waste water. The aim of this work was the production of coconut shell activated carbon of Congo Red (CR) dye from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption studies were carried out by observing the effects of temperature and time, and the optimal experimental conditions were ascertained. Variables such as the adsorbent dose, initial concentration of solution and pH of solution were kept constant at 1 g, 100 mg/L and 7, respectively. The adsorptive capacity and percentage colour removal was mathematically described as a function of experimental parameters and was modelled through central composite response surface methodology (CCRSM). Results showed that the adsorption capacity and the percentage colour removal increased with an increase in time and temperature. The statistical predicted optimum values were validated by carrying out three experiments and an average Congo red (CR) of 86.82% and adsorption capacity (AC) of 8.50 mg/l were obtained at a time (X1) = -1 and a temperature (X2) = -1. The coefficient of determination (R2) and R-Sq. (adj.) for CR found in this study were 98.28% and 97.05%, while that for AC were 87.85% and 79.16%, respectively. Thus, the study concluded that the adsorbent was found to be effective, viable and suitable for the removal of Congo Red Dye from aqueous solution and its statistical analysis increased its optimum yields.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC)
AU  - Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho
AU  - Ukpong Anwana Abel
AU  - Eyibio Uduak Promise
Y1  - 2016/12/20
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11
T2  - International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry
JO  - International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry
SP  - 7
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11
AB  - The use of low-cost, locally available, highly efficient and eco-friendly adsorbents has been investigated as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods of removing dyes from waste water. The aim of this work was the production of coconut shell activated carbon of Congo Red (CR) dye from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption studies were carried out by observing the effects of temperature and time, and the optimal experimental conditions were ascertained. Variables such as the adsorbent dose, initial concentration of solution and pH of solution were kept constant at 1 g, 100 mg/L and 7, respectively. The adsorptive capacity and percentage colour removal was mathematically described as a function of experimental parameters and was modelled through central composite response surface methodology (CCRSM). Results showed that the adsorption capacity and the percentage colour removal increased with an increase in time and temperature. The statistical predicted optimum values were validated by carrying out three experiments and an average Congo red (CR) of 86.82% and adsorption capacity (AC) of 8.50 mg/l were obtained at a time (X1) = -1 and a temperature (X2) = -1. The coefficient of determination (R2) and R-Sq. (adj.) for CR found in this study were 98.28% and 97.05%, while that for AC were 87.85% and 79.16%, respectively. Thus, the study concluded that the adsorbent was found to be effective, viable and suitable for the removal of Congo Red Dye from aqueous solution and its statistical analysis increased its optimum yields.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho

Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering Department, Akwa-Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A, Nigeria
Ukpong Anwana Abel

Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering Department, Akwa-Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A, Nigeria
Eyibio Uduak Promise

Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering Department, Akwa-Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A, Nigeria

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Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho, Ukpong Anwana Abel, Eyibio Uduak Promise. (2016). A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC). International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry, 4(2), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11

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ACS Style

Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho; Ukpong Anwana Abel; Eyibio Uduak Promise. A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC). Int. J. Comput. Theor. Chem. 2016, 4(2), 7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11

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AMA Style

Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho, Ukpong Anwana Abel, Eyibio Uduak Promise. A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC). Int J Comput Theor Chem. 2016;4(2):7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11,
  author = {Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho and Ukpong Anwana Abel and Eyibio Uduak Promise},
  title = {A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC)},
  journal = {International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {7-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijctc.20160402.11},
  abstract = {The use of low-cost, locally available, highly efficient and eco-friendly adsorbents has been investigated as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods of removing dyes from waste water. The aim of this work was the production of coconut shell activated carbon of Congo Red (CR) dye from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption studies were carried out by observing the effects of temperature and time, and the optimal experimental conditions were ascertained. Variables such as the adsorbent dose, initial concentration of solution and pH of solution were kept constant at 1 g, 100 mg/L and 7, respectively. The adsorptive capacity and percentage colour removal was mathematically described as a function of experimental parameters and was modelled through central composite response surface methodology (CCRSM). Results showed that the adsorption capacity and the percentage colour removal increased with an increase in time and temperature. The statistical predicted optimum values were validated by carrying out three experiments and an average Congo red (CR) of 86.82% and adsorption capacity (AC) of 8.50 mg/l were obtained at a time (X1) = -1 and a temperature (X2) = -1. The coefficient of determination (R2) and R-Sq. (adj.) for CR found in this study were 98.28% and 97.05%, while that for AC were 87.85% and 79.16%, respectively. Thus, the study concluded that the adsorbent was found to be effective, viable and suitable for the removal of Congo Red Dye from aqueous solution and its statistical analysis increased its optimum yields.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Statistical Approach to Optimization of Congo Red Dye Removal (CRDR) Via Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (CSAC)
AU  - Adepoju Tunde Folorunsho
AU  - Ukpong Anwana Abel
AU  - Eyibio Uduak Promise
Y1  - 2016/12/20
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11
T2  - International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry
JF  - International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry
JO  - International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry
SP  - 7
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20160402.11
AB  - The use of low-cost, locally available, highly efficient and eco-friendly adsorbents has been investigated as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods of removing dyes from waste water. The aim of this work was the production of coconut shell activated carbon of Congo Red (CR) dye from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption studies were carried out by observing the effects of temperature and time, and the optimal experimental conditions were ascertained. Variables such as the adsorbent dose, initial concentration of solution and pH of solution were kept constant at 1 g, 100 mg/L and 7, respectively. The adsorptive capacity and percentage colour removal was mathematically described as a function of experimental parameters and was modelled through central composite response surface methodology (CCRSM). Results showed that the adsorption capacity and the percentage colour removal increased with an increase in time and temperature. The statistical predicted optimum values were validated by carrying out three experiments and an average Congo red (CR) of 86.82% and adsorption capacity (AC) of 8.50 mg/l were obtained at a time (X1) = -1 and a temperature (X2) = -1. The coefficient of determination (R2) and R-Sq. (adj.) for CR found in this study were 98.28% and 97.05%, while that for AC were 87.85% and 79.16%, respectively. Thus, the study concluded that the adsorbent was found to be effective, viable and suitable for the removal of Congo Red Dye from aqueous solution and its statistical analysis increased its optimum yields.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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