American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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Comparative Levels of Immunoglobulin A Urethral Mucosa in Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in the Prison

Received: 08 February 2016    Accepted: 29 February 2016    Published: 28 March 2016
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Abstract

Investigation of mucosa immunoglobulin A (IgA) can be used to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection, in addition to examination of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) particularly in asymptomatic cases. This research is aimed to compare the levels of IgA mucosal urethral in asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis infection and non-infection in male prisoners based on PCR examination in the prison. The methods used was urethral swab specimens collected from 43 asymptomatic male prisoners at the Sidrap Prison in December 2015 and then were examined using PCR method, followed by examination of mucosal IgA levels. The results indicate prevalence of CT based on PCR examination is 2.3%. Based on the examination of PCR, mucosal IgA levels in infected by CT six-fold higher than non-infectious with a mean ± SB (4.45) vs (0.77 ± 0.52) with p = 0.09. Based on the examination of mucosal IgA, the level of infected IgA is four-fold higher than non-infectious with a mean ± SB (2.48 ± 1.41) vs (0.64 ± 0.21), with p < 0.001. The combination of a positive PCR results and/or IgA positive with urethral specimen indicate infection of CT, but PCR and IgA in CT infections are not interchangeable but both constitute complementary examination.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160402.14
Published in American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2016)
Page(s) 30-33
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection, IgA Mucosal, PCR

References
[1] Eley, A. How to detect Chlamydia trachomatisin males? J of Androl. 2011; 32 (1): 15-22.
[2] VaIkengoid, IG, Morre, SA, Brule, AJ, et al. Low diagnostic accuracy of selective screening criteria for asymtomatic Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the general population. Sex Transm Infect. 2000; 76: 375-80.
[3] Louise, MH, Beagley, K., and Timms, P. Chlamydia trachomatis infection: host immune responses and potential vaccine. Mucosal Immunol. 2008; 1 (2): 116-130.
[4] Anderson, DJ Genitourinary immune defense. Holmes, KK, Sparling, PF, Stamm, WE, Piot, P., Wasserheit, JN, Corey, L., Cohen, MS, Watts, DH, editor: Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 4th ed., 2008. New York; McGraw-Hill.
[5] Bernstein, DI and Milligan, GN Mucosal immunity of the Genital Tract. Mestecky, J., Lamm, MF, Strober, W., Bienenstock, J., McGhee, JR, Mayer, L., editor: Mucosal Immunology, 3rd ed. 2005, USA; Elsevier Academic Press.
[6] Steiner, US, Haller, DM, Elger, BS, Seb o, P., Gaspoz, JM, Wolff, H. Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Swiss prison: a cross sectional study. Swiss Med Wkly. 2010; 140: 1-5.
[7] Kouyoumdjian, FG, Main, C., Calzavara, LM, Kiefer, L. Prevalence and predictors of urethral chlamydia and gonorrhea infection in male inmate in an Ontario Corectional Facility. Can J Public Health. 2011; 102 (3): 220-24.
[8] Bernstein, KT, Chow, JM, Ruiz, J., Schachter, J., Horowitz, E., Bunnell, R., Boian, G. Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection Among men and women entering California Prisons. Am J Public Health. 2006; 96: 1862-1866.
[9] Hirst, H. and Dinsmore, WW Chlamydia Screening Programme, HMP Hydebank Wood Young Offender Centre, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK. Int J of STD & AIDS. 2009; 20: 360-1.
[10] Pate, MS, Hedges, SR, Sibley, DA, Russell, MW, Hook, EW, Mestecky, J. Urethral Cytokines and Immune Responses in -Infected Males Chlamydiatrachomatis. Infection and Immunity. 2001; P7178-81.
[11] Esse-Sorlie, D. Medical Biostatistic and Epidemiology. Connecticut: A Simon and chuster Company. 1995; 71-85.
[12] Simpson, J., Berry, G. Normal Distribution. In: Kerr, C et al. Ed’s. Handbook of Public Health Methods. Sidney. The Mc Graw Hill Company Inc. 1998; 212-216. 70.
[13] Fresse, USA, Sueur, JM, Hamdad, F. Diagnosis and follow-up of genital chlamydial infection by direct methods and by detection of serum IgG, IgA, and secretory IgA. IJMM. 2010; 28 (4): 326-31.
[14] Witkin, SS, Bongiovanni, AM, Inglis, SR Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis Endocervical Anti- Immunoglobulin A in Pregnant Women by a Rapid, 6-Minute Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: Comparison with PCR and Chlamydial Antigen Detection Methods. J. Clin. Microbiol. 1997; 35: 1781-3.
Author Information
  • Dermatovenereology Department, Medical Faculty Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

  • Dermatovenereology Department, Medical Faculty Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

  • Dermatovenereology Department, Medical Faculty Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

  • Dermatovenereology Department, Medical Faculty Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

  • Public Health Faculty Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

  • Microbiology Department, Medical Faculty Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

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    Ade Indrayani, Andi Muhammad Adam, Faridha Ilyas, Safruddin Amin, Burhanuddin Bahar, et al. (2016). Comparative Levels of Immunoglobulin A Urethral Mucosa in Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in the Prison. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 4(2), 30-33. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160402.14

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    Ade Indrayani; Andi Muhammad Adam; Faridha Ilyas; Safruddin Amin; Burhanuddin Bahar, et al. Comparative Levels of Immunoglobulin A Urethral Mucosa in Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in the Prison. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2016, 4(2), 30-33. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160402.14

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    AMA Style

    Ade Indrayani, Andi Muhammad Adam, Faridha Ilyas, Safruddin Amin, Burhanuddin Bahar, et al. Comparative Levels of Immunoglobulin A Urethral Mucosa in Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in the Prison. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2016;4(2):30-33. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160402.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20160402.14,
      author = {Ade Indrayani and Andi Muhammad Adam and Faridha Ilyas and Safruddin Amin and Burhanuddin Bahar and Rizalinda Sjahrir},
      title = {Comparative Levels of Immunoglobulin A Urethral Mucosa in Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in the Prison},
      journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
      volume = {4},
      number = {2},
      pages = {30-33},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20160402.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160402.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20160402.14},
      abstract = {Investigation of mucosa immunoglobulin A (IgA) can be used to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection, in addition to examination of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) particularly in asymptomatic cases. This research is aimed to compare the levels of IgA mucosal urethral in asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis infection and non-infection in male prisoners based on PCR examination in the prison. The methods used was urethral swab specimens collected from 43 asymptomatic male prisoners at the Sidrap Prison in December 2015 and then were examined using PCR method, followed by examination of mucosal IgA levels. The results indicate prevalence of CT based on PCR examination is 2.3%. Based on the examination of PCR, mucosal IgA levels in infected by CT six-fold higher than non-infectious with a mean ± SB (4.45) vs (0.77 ± 0.52) with p = 0.09. Based on the examination of mucosal IgA, the level of infected IgA is four-fold higher than non-infectious with a mean ± SB (2.48 ± 1.41) vs (0.64 ± 0.21), with p < 0.001. The combination of a positive PCR results and/or IgA positive with urethral specimen indicate infection of CT, but PCR and IgA in CT infections are not interchangeable but both constitute complementary examination.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Comparative Levels of Immunoglobulin A Urethral Mucosa in Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in the Prison
    AU  - Ade Indrayani
    AU  - Andi Muhammad Adam
    AU  - Faridha Ilyas
    AU  - Safruddin Amin
    AU  - Burhanuddin Bahar
    AU  - Rizalinda Sjahrir
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    T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    SP  - 30
    EP  - 33
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8133
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160402.14
    AB  - Investigation of mucosa immunoglobulin A (IgA) can be used to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection, in addition to examination of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) particularly in asymptomatic cases. This research is aimed to compare the levels of IgA mucosal urethral in asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis infection and non-infection in male prisoners based on PCR examination in the prison. The methods used was urethral swab specimens collected from 43 asymptomatic male prisoners at the Sidrap Prison in December 2015 and then were examined using PCR method, followed by examination of mucosal IgA levels. The results indicate prevalence of CT based on PCR examination is 2.3%. Based on the examination of PCR, mucosal IgA levels in infected by CT six-fold higher than non-infectious with a mean ± SB (4.45) vs (0.77 ± 0.52) with p = 0.09. Based on the examination of mucosal IgA, the level of infected IgA is four-fold higher than non-infectious with a mean ± SB (2.48 ± 1.41) vs (0.64 ± 0.21), with p < 0.001. The combination of a positive PCR results and/or IgA positive with urethral specimen indicate infection of CT, but PCR and IgA in CT infections are not interchangeable but both constitute complementary examination.
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