Opuntia ficus-indica belongs to the Cactaceae family and is widespread in semi-arid and arid regions. Cactus pears are known for their health promoting properties which are due to a variety of bioactive molecules. This study aims to identify and quantify phenolic acids, flavonoids and betanin from spineless Opuntia ficus-indica fruits. Fresh mature samples were crushed, and extracted with 50% aqueous ethanol. The identification process was carried out using a Shimadzu high performance liquid chromagraph equipped with a quadrupole mass spectrum. Quantification was made using calibration curves of analytical standards. 9 phenolic acids, 1 flavan-3-ol, 2 flavanones, 3 flavonols, 6 flavones and 2 betacyanins were identified. Important levels of betanin, quinic acid, cirsiliol, acacetin, transcinnamic acid, rutin and naringin were calculated. Our results indicated that Opuntia ficus-indica fruits are an important dietary source of phenolic compounds and betalains with high antioxidant capacity.
| Published in | Cell Biology (Volume 5, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.cb.20170502.12 |
| Page(s) | 17-28 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Opuntia ficus-indica, Cactus Pear, Polyphenols, Betanin
| [1] | Small E, Catling PM. Blossoming treasures of biodiversity 11. Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica)- miracle of water conservation. Biodiversity 2004; 5: 27–31. |
| [2] | Piga A. Cactus pear: A fruit of nutraceutical and functional importance. Journal of the Professional Association for CactusDevelopment 2004; 9-22. |
| [3] | Bekir EA. Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) in turkey: growing regions and pomological traits of cactus pear fruits. Acta Horticulture 2006; 728: 51–54. |
| [4] | Choi J, Lee CK, Lee YC, Moon YI, Park H, Han YN. Biological activities of the extracts from fruit and stemof prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten)-II. Effects ondietary induced hyperlipidemia. Korean Journal of Pharmacology 2002; 33: 230–237. |
| [5] | Tesoriere T, Butera D, Pintaudi AM, Allegra M, Livrea MA. Supplementation with cactus pear fruit decreases antioxidative stress in healthy humans: a comparative study with vitamin C. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2004; 80: 391–395. |
| [6] | Nalin S, Jeon Y. Antioxidative effect of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) fruit extract on lipid peroxidation inhibition in oils and emulsion model systems. European Food Research and Technology 2004; 219: 369–376. |
| [7] | Siriwrdhana N, Shahidi F, Joen Y. Potential antioxidative effects of cactus pear fruit extract on radical scavenging and DNA damage reduction in human peripheral lymphocytes. Journal of food lipids 2006; 13: 445–458. |
| [8] | Belhadj Slimen I, Najar T, Abderrabba M. Opuntia ficus-indica as a Source of Bioactive and Nutritional Phytochemicals. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016; 4: 162-169. |
| [9] | Belhadj Slimen I, Najar T, Abderrabba M. Chemical and antioxidant properties of betalains. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04208. |
| [10] | Brand-Williams W., Cuvelier M. E., Berset C. 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Food Science and Technology, 28: 25-30. |
| [11] | Thaipong K., Boonprakob U., Crosby, K., Cisneros-Zevallos L., Byrne D. H., 2006. Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC assays for estimating antioxidant activity from guava fruit extracts. Journal of Food Composition Analysis, 19: 669-675. |
| [12] | Schaldach B, Griitzmacher H.-Fr. The fragmentations of substituted cinnamic acids after electron impact. Organic Mass Spectrometry 1980; 15: 175-181. |
| [13] | Xu F, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Yang C, Tian Y. Quasi-MSn identification of flavanone 7-glycoside isomers in Da Chengqi Tang by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Chinese Medecine. 2009; 4: 1-10. |
| [14] | Fabre N, Rustan I, de Hoffmann E, Quetin-Leclercq J. Determination of flavone, flavonol, and flavanone aglycones by negative ion liquid chromatography electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 2001; 12: 707–715. |
| [15] | Nestora S, Merlier F, Prost E, Haupt K, Rossi C, Sum Bui BT. Solid-phase extraction of betanin and isobetanin from beetroot extracts using a dipicolinic acid molecularly imprinted polymer. Journal of Chromatography A 2016; DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.069. |
| [16] | Taylor SL, Leiserowitz GS, Kim K. Accounting for undetected compounds in statistical analyses of mass spectrometry ‘Omic studies. Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology 2013; 12: 703–722. |
| [17] | Yeddes N, Chérif JK, Guyot S, SotinH, Ayadi MT. Comparative Study of Antioxidant Power, Polyphenols, Flavonoids and Betacyanins of the Peel and Pulp of Three Tunisian Opuntia Forms. Antioxidants 2013; 2: 37-51. |
| [18] | Mata A, Ferreira JP, Semedo C, Serra T, Duarte CMM, Bronze MR. Contribution to the characterization of Opuntia spp. Juices by LC–DAD–ESI-MS/MS. Food Chemistry 2016; 210: 558-565. |
| [19] | Bensadon S, Hervert-Hernandez D, Sayago-Ayerdi SG, Goni I. By-products of Opuntia ficus-indica as a source of antioxidant dietary fiber. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 2010, 65: 210–216. |
| [20] | Butera D, Tesoriere L, DiGaudio F, BongiornoA, Allegra M, PintaudiAM, Kohen R, Liverea MA. Antioxidant Activities of Sicilian Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) Fruit Extracts and Reducing Properties of Its Betalains: Betanin and Indicaxanthin. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2002; 50: 6895−6901. |
| [21] | Kumar SS, Manoj P, Shetty NP, Prakash M, Giridhar P. Characterization of major betalain pigments -gomphrenin, betanin and isobetanin from Basellarubra L. fruit and evaluation of efficacy as a natural colourant in product (ice cream) development. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2015; 52: 4994–5002. |
| [22] | Coria Cayupán YS, Ochoa MJ, Nazareno MA. Health-promoting substances and antioxidant properties of Opuntia sp. fruits. Changes in bioactive-compound contents during ripening process. Food Chemistry 2011; 126: 514–519. |
| [23] | Ou B, Huang D, Hampsch-Woodill M, Flanagan JA, Deemer EK. Analysis of Antioxidant Activities of Common Vegetables Employing Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) Assays: A Comparative Study. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2002; 50: 3122-3128. |
| [24] | Adamson RH, Bridges JW, Evanst ME, Williams RT. Species Differences in the Aromatization of Quinic Acid in vivo and the Role of Gut Bacteria. Biochemistry Journal 1970; 116: 437-433. |
| [25] | Lu Y, Foo LY. Polyphenolics of Salvia--a review. Phytochemistry 2002; 59: 117–40. |
| [26] | Marder M, Viola H, Wasowski C, Wolfman C, Waterman PG, Medina JH, Paladini AC. Cirsiliol and caffeic acid ethyl ester, isolated from Salvia guaranitica, are competitive ligands for the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phytomedicine 1996; 3: 29-31. |
| [27] | Viola H, Wasowski C, Marder M, Wolfman C, Paladini AC, Medinn JH. Sedative and hypnotic properties of Salvia guaranitica St. Hll. and of its active principle, Cirsiliol. Phytomedicine 1997; 4: 47-51. |
| [28] | Schneider I, Bucar F. Lipoxygenase inhibitors from natural plant sources. Part 2: medicinal plants with inhibitory activity on arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 15-lipoxygenase and leukotriene receptor antagonists. Phytotherapy Research 2005; 19: 263–72. |
| [29] | Cody V. Crystal and molecular structures of flavonoids. Progress in clinical and biological research 1988; 280: 29–44. |
| [30] | Liao YH, Houghton PJ, Hoult JR. Novel and known constituents from Buddleja species and their activity against leukocyte eicosanoid generation. Journal of Natural Products 1999; 62: 1241–1245. |
| [31] | Kraft C, Jenett-Siems K, Siems K, Jakupovic J, Mavi S, Bienzle U, Eich E. In vitro antiplasmodial evaluation of medicinal plants from Zimbabwe. Phytotherapy Research 2003; 17: 123–128. |
| [32] | Singh RP, Agrawal P, Yim D, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. Acacetin inhibits cell growth and cell cycle progression, and induces apoptosis in humanprostate cancer cells: structure-activity relationship with linarin and linarin acetate. Carcinogenesis 2005; 26: 845– 854. |
| [33] | Pan MH, Lai CS, Wang YJ, Ho CT. Acacetin suppressed LPS-induced up-expression of iNOS and COX-2 in murine macrophages and TPA induced tumor promotion in mice. Biochemical Pharmacology 2006; 72: 1293–1303. |
| [34] | Zhang K, Yang EB, Tang WY, Wang KP, Mack P. Inhibition of glutathione reductase by plant polyphenols. Biochemical Pharmacology 1997; 54: 1047–1053. |
| [35] | Doostdar H, Burke MD, Mayer RT. Bioflavonoids: selective substrates and inhibitors for cytochrome P450 CYP1A and CYP1B1. Toxicology 2000; 144: 31–38. |
| [36] | Sova M. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of cinnamic acid derivatives. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2012; 12: 749-767. |
| [37] | Natella F, Nardini M, Di Felice M, Scaccini C. Benzoic and Cinnamic Acid Derivatives as Antioxidants: Structure-Activity Relation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1999; 47: 1453−1459. |
| [38] | Sharma S, Ali A, Ali J, Sahni JK, Baboota S. Rutin: therapeutic potential and recent advances in drug delivery. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 2013; 22: 1063-1079. |
| [39] | Renugadevi J, Prabu SM. Naringenin protects against cadmium-induced oxidative renal dysfunction in rats. Toxicology 2009; 256: 128–34. |
| [40] | Jung UJ, Kim HJ, Lee JS, Lee MK, Kim HO, Park EJ, Kim HK, Jeong TS, Choi MS. Naringin supplementation lowers plasma lipids and enhances erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Clinical Nutrition 2003; 22: 561–568. |
| [41] | Alam MA, Subhan N, Rahman MM, Uddin SJ, Reza HM, Sarker SD. Effect of citrus flavonoids, naringin and naringenin, on metabolic syndrome and their mechanisms of action. Advances in Nutrition 2014; 5: 404-417. |
| [42] | Kaur Ch, Kapoor HC. Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables – the millennium’s health. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 2001; 36: 703–725. |
| [43] | Rice-Evans CA, Miller J, Paganga G. Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds. Trends in Plant Science 1997; 2: 152–159. |
| [44] | Materska M. Quercetin and its derivates: chemical structure and bioactivity – A review. Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences 2008; 58: 407-413. |
| [45] | Gnanakalai K., Gopal R. Anticancer activity of methanol fruit extract of Opuntia ficus-indica against cervical cancer using Hela cell line. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences 2016; 7: B712-720. |
| [46] | Sadaf N., Ahsan J., Ahmad S., Haque R. Mitochondria: A key player in stem cell fate. Cell Biology 2015; 1-2: 31-37. |
| [47] | Tiwari M., Kumar Sharma L., Saxena A. K., Godbole M. M. Interaction between mitochondria and caspases: apoptotic and non-apoptotic roles. Cell Biology 2015; 1-2: 22-30. |
| [48] | Shrivastava A. The mechanisms of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in cancer chemotherapy. Cell Biology 2015; 1-2: 17-21. |
| [49] | Sharma L. K., Tiwari M., Mishra S. K. Mitochondrial alteration: a major player in carcinogenesis. Cell Biology 2015; 1-2: 8-16. |
| [50] | Jorge A. J., Heliodoro De La G. T., Alejandro Z. C., Ruth B. C., Noé, A. C., 2013. The optimization of phenolic compounds extraction from cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) skin in a reflux system using response surface methodology. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 3: 436-442. |
APA Style
Imen Belhadj Slimen, Mahmoud Mabrouk, Chaabane Hanène, Taha Najar, Manef Abderrabba. (2017). LC-MS Analysis of Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids and Betanin from Spineless Opuntia ficus-indica Fruits. Cell Biology, 5(2), 17-28. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20170502.12
ACS Style
Imen Belhadj Slimen; Mahmoud Mabrouk; Chaabane Hanène; Taha Najar; Manef Abderrabba. LC-MS Analysis of Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids and Betanin from Spineless Opuntia ficus-indica Fruits. Cell Biol. 2017, 5(2), 17-28. doi: 10.11648/j.cb.20170502.12
AMA Style
Imen Belhadj Slimen, Mahmoud Mabrouk, Chaabane Hanène, Taha Najar, Manef Abderrabba. LC-MS Analysis of Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids and Betanin from Spineless Opuntia ficus-indica Fruits. Cell Biol. 2017;5(2):17-28. doi: 10.11648/j.cb.20170502.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.cb.20170502.12,
author = {Imen Belhadj Slimen and Mahmoud Mabrouk and Chaabane Hanène and Taha Najar and Manef Abderrabba},
title = {LC-MS Analysis of Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids and Betanin from Spineless Opuntia ficus-indica Fruits},
journal = {Cell Biology},
volume = {5},
number = {2},
pages = {17-28},
doi = {10.11648/j.cb.20170502.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20170502.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cb.20170502.12},
abstract = {Opuntia ficus-indica belongs to the Cactaceae family and is widespread in semi-arid and arid regions. Cactus pears are known for their health promoting properties which are due to a variety of bioactive molecules. This study aims to identify and quantify phenolic acids, flavonoids and betanin from spineless Opuntia ficus-indica fruits. Fresh mature samples were crushed, and extracted with 50% aqueous ethanol. The identification process was carried out using a Shimadzu high performance liquid chromagraph equipped with a quadrupole mass spectrum. Quantification was made using calibration curves of analytical standards. 9 phenolic acids, 1 flavan-3-ol, 2 flavanones, 3 flavonols, 6 flavones and 2 betacyanins were identified. Important levels of betanin, quinic acid, cirsiliol, acacetin, transcinnamic acid, rutin and naringin were calculated. Our results indicated that Opuntia ficus-indica fruits are an important dietary source of phenolic compounds and betalains with high antioxidant capacity.},
year = {2017}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - LC-MS Analysis of Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids and Betanin from Spineless Opuntia ficus-indica Fruits AU - Imen Belhadj Slimen AU - Mahmoud Mabrouk AU - Chaabane Hanène AU - Taha Najar AU - Manef Abderrabba Y1 - 2017/04/01 PY - 2017 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20170502.12 DO - 10.11648/j.cb.20170502.12 T2 - Cell Biology JF - Cell Biology JO - Cell Biology SP - 17 EP - 28 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-0183 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20170502.12 AB - Opuntia ficus-indica belongs to the Cactaceae family and is widespread in semi-arid and arid regions. Cactus pears are known for their health promoting properties which are due to a variety of bioactive molecules. This study aims to identify and quantify phenolic acids, flavonoids and betanin from spineless Opuntia ficus-indica fruits. Fresh mature samples were crushed, and extracted with 50% aqueous ethanol. The identification process was carried out using a Shimadzu high performance liquid chromagraph equipped with a quadrupole mass spectrum. Quantification was made using calibration curves of analytical standards. 9 phenolic acids, 1 flavan-3-ol, 2 flavanones, 3 flavonols, 6 flavones and 2 betacyanins were identified. Important levels of betanin, quinic acid, cirsiliol, acacetin, transcinnamic acid, rutin and naringin were calculated. Our results indicated that Opuntia ficus-indica fruits are an important dietary source of phenolic compounds and betalains with high antioxidant capacity. VL - 5 IS - 2 ER -
Information
Email: