In spite of major achievements in the immunisation sector challenges still remain for the program in Bangladesh, specially to maximize coverage and minimize dropout rates in its Hard to Reach areas. Maulvibazar, a northeastern district of the Bangladesh is one of the 64 districts in the country. In the year 2014 valid vaccination coverage by age of 12 months among 12-23 Month-Old Children in the district for Penta-1 and for Penta-3 was 89.3% and 89.6% respectively and for MR vaccine it was 80.3%. Dropout rate for Penta1-Penta3 vaccines was 3.9% and Penta1-MR vaccine was 8.7% in the same year, which is respectively 2% and 2.9% higher than national dropout rate. This study aims to determine the dropout rate for immunisation services in Maulvibazar district over a period of one year using Penta1 to Penta3 and Penta1 to MR vaccine. The study was carried out from January 2015 to December 2015 in eight hard to reach unions of Maulvibazar district over a period of one year. Using the individual union coverage data and immunisation monitoring chart, dropout rates have been calculated among children less than one year of age in the selected unions. When Penta1 and Penta3 vaccine dropout rate is calculated in four months interval it was not statistically significant (P=0.267). But when Penta1 and MR dropout rate has been calculated in the same period of time it has shown strong significance in dropout rate (P=0.012). When total number of children receiving Penta1, Penta3 and MR vaccines has been plotted, it has shown a gradual increase in vaccination coverage from January to December. Dropout rates found in this study in selected eight hard to reach unions are very minimal for Penta1-Penta3 vaccine. But for MR vaccine the dropout rates are much alarming. The reason for lower immunisation coverage and higher dropout rates could well be the distance of near by health facilities from these hard to reach areas, bad road conditions and lack of knowledge about vaccination and vaccine preventable diseases.
| DOI | 10.11648/j.iji.20170501.12 |
| Published in | International Journal of Immunology (Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2017) |
| Page(s) | 5-10 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Vaccination Program, Immunisation Dropout, Hard to Reach Areas, Hard to Reach Population, Vaccine Preventable Diseases
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| [2] | World Health Organisation, EPI Fact Sheet: Bangladesh 2014. 2014, World Health Organisation. |
| [3] | Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation. Application for Country Proposal: Phase 2, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. 2009; Available from: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:URx2SRslSbUJ:www.gavi.org/country/bangladesh/documents/proposals/proposal-for-nvs---penta-support--bangladesh/+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=au. |
| [4] | Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation, Government of People’s Republic of Bangladesh May 2011 Comprehensive Multi-Year Plan. 2011. |
| [5] | Directorate General of Health Services Bangladesh. Bangladesh EPI Coverage Evaluation Survey 2014. 2014 May 11, 2016]; Available from: http://www.dghs.gov.bd/images/docs/EPI/EPIEvaluationSurvey2014.pdf. |
| [6] | World Health Organisation. WHO South-East Asia Region is officially certified polio-free. 2014; Available from: http://www.searo.who.int/entity/campaigns/polio-certification/en/. |
| [7] | World Health Organisation, Global Immunization News (GIN) 2016, World Health Organisation. |
| [8] | Talukdar, L., et al., The near miracle: how immunization services are delivered. 1991. |
| [9] | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Global Routine Vaccination Coverage, 2014. 2014, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. |
| [10] | World Bank, Hard to Reach Areas: Providing Water Supply and Sanitation Services to All. 2012, World Bank. |
| [11] | World Health Organisation, Communication for polio eradication and routine immunization. 2002, World Health Organisation. |
| [12] | World Health Organisation, The EPI coverage survey. 2008, World Health Organisation. |
| [13] | Burton, A., et al., WHO and UNICEF estimates of national infant immunization coverage: methods and processes. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2009. 87 (7): p. 535-541. |
APA Style
Khan Redzwan Habib. (2017). Evaluating Immunisation Dropout Rates in Eight Hard to Reach Unions of Maulvibazar District, Bangladesh. International Journal of Immunology, 5(1), 5-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.iji.20170501.12
ACS Style
Khan Redzwan Habib. Evaluating Immunisation Dropout Rates in Eight Hard to Reach Unions of Maulvibazar District, Bangladesh. Int. J. Immunol. 2017, 5(1), 5-10. doi: 10.11648/j.iji.20170501.12
AMA Style
Khan Redzwan Habib. Evaluating Immunisation Dropout Rates in Eight Hard to Reach Unions of Maulvibazar District, Bangladesh. Int J Immunol. 2017;5(1):5-10. doi: 10.11648/j.iji.20170501.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.iji.20170501.12,
author = {Khan Redzwan Habib},
title = {Evaluating Immunisation Dropout Rates in Eight Hard to Reach Unions of Maulvibazar District, Bangladesh},
journal = {International Journal of Immunology},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
pages = {5-10},
doi = {10.11648/j.iji.20170501.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.iji.20170501.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.iji.20170501.12},
abstract = {In spite of major achievements in the immunisation sector challenges still remain for the program in Bangladesh, specially to maximize coverage and minimize dropout rates in its Hard to Reach areas. Maulvibazar, a northeastern district of the Bangladesh is one of the 64 districts in the country. In the year 2014 valid vaccination coverage by age of 12 months among 12-23 Month-Old Children in the district for Penta-1 and for Penta-3 was 89.3% and 89.6% respectively and for MR vaccine it was 80.3%. Dropout rate for Penta1-Penta3 vaccines was 3.9% and Penta1-MR vaccine was 8.7% in the same year, which is respectively 2% and 2.9% higher than national dropout rate. This study aims to determine the dropout rate for immunisation services in Maulvibazar district over a period of one year using Penta1 to Penta3 and Penta1 to MR vaccine. The study was carried out from January 2015 to December 2015 in eight hard to reach unions of Maulvibazar district over a period of one year. Using the individual union coverage data and immunisation monitoring chart, dropout rates have been calculated among children less than one year of age in the selected unions. When Penta1 and Penta3 vaccine dropout rate is calculated in four months interval it was not statistically significant (P=0.267). But when Penta1 and MR dropout rate has been calculated in the same period of time it has shown strong significance in dropout rate (P=0.012). When total number of children receiving Penta1, Penta3 and MR vaccines has been plotted, it has shown a gradual increase in vaccination coverage from January to December. Dropout rates found in this study in selected eight hard to reach unions are very minimal for Penta1-Penta3 vaccine. But for MR vaccine the dropout rates are much alarming. The reason for lower immunisation coverage and higher dropout rates could well be the distance of near by health facilities from these hard to reach areas, bad road conditions and lack of knowledge about vaccination and vaccine preventable diseases.},
year = {2017}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating Immunisation Dropout Rates in Eight Hard to Reach Unions of Maulvibazar District, Bangladesh AU - Khan Redzwan Habib Y1 - 2017/02/20 PY - 2017 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.iji.20170501.12 DO - 10.11648/j.iji.20170501.12 T2 - International Journal of Immunology JF - International Journal of Immunology JO - International Journal of Immunology SP - 5 EP - 10 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2329-1753 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.iji.20170501.12 AB - In spite of major achievements in the immunisation sector challenges still remain for the program in Bangladesh, specially to maximize coverage and minimize dropout rates in its Hard to Reach areas. Maulvibazar, a northeastern district of the Bangladesh is one of the 64 districts in the country. In the year 2014 valid vaccination coverage by age of 12 months among 12-23 Month-Old Children in the district for Penta-1 and for Penta-3 was 89.3% and 89.6% respectively and for MR vaccine it was 80.3%. Dropout rate for Penta1-Penta3 vaccines was 3.9% and Penta1-MR vaccine was 8.7% in the same year, which is respectively 2% and 2.9% higher than national dropout rate. This study aims to determine the dropout rate for immunisation services in Maulvibazar district over a period of one year using Penta1 to Penta3 and Penta1 to MR vaccine. The study was carried out from January 2015 to December 2015 in eight hard to reach unions of Maulvibazar district over a period of one year. Using the individual union coverage data and immunisation monitoring chart, dropout rates have been calculated among children less than one year of age in the selected unions. When Penta1 and Penta3 vaccine dropout rate is calculated in four months interval it was not statistically significant (P=0.267). But when Penta1 and MR dropout rate has been calculated in the same period of time it has shown strong significance in dropout rate (P=0.012). When total number of children receiving Penta1, Penta3 and MR vaccines has been plotted, it has shown a gradual increase in vaccination coverage from January to December. Dropout rates found in this study in selected eight hard to reach unions are very minimal for Penta1-Penta3 vaccine. But for MR vaccine the dropout rates are much alarming. The reason for lower immunisation coverage and higher dropout rates could well be the distance of near by health facilities from these hard to reach areas, bad road conditions and lack of knowledge about vaccination and vaccine preventable diseases. VL - 5 IS - 1 ER -
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