American Journal of Life Sciences

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Steroid Hormones as Transporters to Carry Exogenous Macromolecules into the Target Cell Nuclei in Vivo

Received: 29 January 2015    Accepted: 01 April 2015    Published: 06 May 2015
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Abstract

Upon injection into the vascular system of rats, testosterone-bovine serum albumin conjugate (testosterone-BSA) is taken up by cells via the process of endocytosis. When it is taken up by the target cells of testosterone such as spermatogenic cells, it enters the nuclei of the cells. However, testosterone-BSA does not enter the nuclei of the non-target cells such as hepatocytes and thymocytes. Similarly, hydrocortisone-BSA conjugate enters the nuclei of its target cells such as hepatocytes and thymocytes. In the vesicular trafficking of testosterone-BSAs into the nucleoplasm, the vesicle membrane is likely to fuse with a nuclear hemifusion diaphragm. IgG coupled with hydrocortisone also enters the hormone-target cell nuclei, with its antigenicity kept intact. These results suggest that steroid hormones could act as transporters for conveying exogenous macromolecules into the target cell nuclei in vivo. Our studies provide a novel insight to the functions of steroid hormones.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2015030302.20
Published in American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 3-2, May 2015)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Biology and Medicine of Peptide and Steroid Hormones

Page(s) 53-57
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Steroid-Protein Conjugates, Vesicular Trafficking, Nuclear Diaphragm, Target Cell Nuclei, Intact Antigenicity, In Vivo

References
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Author Information
  • Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Yazako, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan

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  • APA Style

    Toshikazu Nishimura. (2015). Steroid Hormones as Transporters to Carry Exogenous Macromolecules into the Target Cell Nuclei in Vivo. American Journal of Life Sciences, 3(3-2), 53-57. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.s.2015030302.20

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    ACS Style

    Toshikazu Nishimura. Steroid Hormones as Transporters to Carry Exogenous Macromolecules into the Target Cell Nuclei in Vivo. Am. J. Life Sci. 2015, 3(3-2), 53-57. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2015030302.20

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    AMA Style

    Toshikazu Nishimura. Steroid Hormones as Transporters to Carry Exogenous Macromolecules into the Target Cell Nuclei in Vivo. Am J Life Sci. 2015;3(3-2):53-57. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2015030302.20

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajls.s.2015030302.20,
      author = {Toshikazu Nishimura},
      title = {Steroid Hormones as Transporters to Carry Exogenous Macromolecules into the Target Cell Nuclei in Vivo},
      journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
      volume = {3},
      number = {3-2},
      pages = {53-57},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.s.2015030302.20},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.s.2015030302.20},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.s.2015030302.20},
      abstract = {Upon injection into the vascular system of rats, testosterone-bovine serum albumin conjugate (testosterone-BSA) is taken up by cells via the process of endocytosis. When it is taken up by the target cells of testosterone such as spermatogenic cells, it enters the nuclei of the cells. However, testosterone-BSA does not enter the nuclei of the non-target cells such as hepatocytes and thymocytes. Similarly, hydrocortisone-BSA conjugate enters the nuclei of its target cells such as hepatocytes and thymocytes. In the vesicular trafficking of testosterone-BSAs into the nucleoplasm, the vesicle membrane is likely to fuse with a nuclear hemifusion diaphragm. IgG coupled with hydrocortisone also enters the hormone-target cell nuclei, with its antigenicity kept intact. These results suggest that steroid hormones could act as transporters for conveying exogenous macromolecules into the target cell nuclei in vivo. Our studies provide a novel insight to the functions of steroid hormones.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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    T1  - Steroid Hormones as Transporters to Carry Exogenous Macromolecules into the Target Cell Nuclei in Vivo
    AU  - Toshikazu Nishimura
    Y1  - 2015/05/06
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2015030302.20
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    JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
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    AB  - Upon injection into the vascular system of rats, testosterone-bovine serum albumin conjugate (testosterone-BSA) is taken up by cells via the process of endocytosis. When it is taken up by the target cells of testosterone such as spermatogenic cells, it enters the nuclei of the cells. However, testosterone-BSA does not enter the nuclei of the non-target cells such as hepatocytes and thymocytes. Similarly, hydrocortisone-BSA conjugate enters the nuclei of its target cells such as hepatocytes and thymocytes. In the vesicular trafficking of testosterone-BSAs into the nucleoplasm, the vesicle membrane is likely to fuse with a nuclear hemifusion diaphragm. IgG coupled with hydrocortisone also enters the hormone-target cell nuclei, with its antigenicity kept intact. These results suggest that steroid hormones could act as transporters for conveying exogenous macromolecules into the target cell nuclei in vivo. Our studies provide a novel insight to the functions of steroid hormones.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 3-2
    ER  - 

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