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Effect of Salinity on Feed Conversion Rate, Feed Conversion Efficiency, Protein Intake and Efficiency of Protein Utilization Ratio in Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio

Received: 15 October 2016    Accepted: 1 December 2016    Published: 6 March 2017
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the impact of increased salinity on some growth parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish, gradually have been exposed to the salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15g/L, as well as tap water (control treatment of 0.1 g/L) for 84 days divided on 12 weeks, and each of salt concentration represented independent treatment with two replications. 80 fish at average weight of 15 ± 3 g were randomly distributed on 8 glass tanks at 10 fish / tank to study the effect of salinity on feed conversion rate, feed conversion efficiency, protein intake and efficiency of protein utilization ratio in common carp. Results showed a decrease in feed conversion rate to16.59, 24.49 and -20.11, when the salinity increased to 5, 10 and 15 g/L respectively, compared to the control treatment (13.32). This is reflected on feed conversion efficiency, which slump to 6.02, 4.08 and - 4.97% in the salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 g/L respectively, compared to the control treatment (7.50%). Protein intake, also decreased to 25.23, 24.07 and 21.37% with the increasing of salinity to 5, 10 and 15 g/L respectively, compared to the control treatment (25.67%), while the efficiency of protein utilization slump to 21.32, 10.94 and -10.07% in the salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 g/L, respectively while it was 29.16% in the control treatment. Fish were fed on a commercial diet with a protein content of 31% during the experiment.

Published in American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 3-1)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Toxicology

DOI 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2017050301.15
Page(s) 30-35
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Salinity, Feed Conversion and Efficiency, Protein Intake, Protein Utilization, Common Carp

References
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[5] Ferraris R. P., Catacutan M. R., Mabelin R. L. &Jazul A. P. (1986). Digestibility in milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal): effects of protein source, fish size and salinity. Aquaculture, 59: 93-105.
[6] De Silva S. S. and Perera P. A. B. (1976). Studies on the young grey mullet, Mugil cephalus L. Effects of salinity on food intake, growth and food conversion. Aquaculture, 7: 327–338.
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[13] Barman, U. K., Jana, S. N., Garg, S. K., & Arasu, A. R. (2005). Effect of inland water salinity on growth, feed conversion efficiency and intestinal enzyme activity in growing of grey mullet, Mugil cephalus (L.): Field and laboratory studies. Aquaculture International, 13: 41–256.
[14] McCormick, S. D., Moyes, C. D., & Ballantyne, 1. (1989). Influence of salinity on the energetics of gill and kidney of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 6: 243–254.
[15] Partridge, G. J., & Jenkins, G. I. (2002). The effect of salinity on growth and survival of juvenile black bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri). Aquaculture, 210-219.
[16] Likongwe, J. S., Stecko, T. D., Stauffer, J. R., & Carline, R. F. (1996). Combined effects of water temperature and salinity on growth and feed utilization of juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linneaus). Aquaculture 146: 37–46.
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[21] DeBoeck, G., Vlaeminck, A., Linden,, A., & Blust, R. (2000). The energy metabolism of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) when exposed to salt stress: an increase in energy expenditure or effects of starvation. Physiol. Biochem. Zool., 73 (1): 102-111.
[22] Wang, J. Q., Lui, H., Po, H., & Fan, L. (1997). Influence of salinity on food consumption, growth and energy conversion efficiency of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings. Aquaculture, 148: 115–124.
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[25] Schofield, P. J., Peterson, M. S., Lowe, M. R., Brown-Peterson, N. J., & Slack, W. T. (2011). Survival, growth and reproduction of non-indigenous Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). I. Physiological capabilities in various temperatures and salinities. Marine and Freshwater Research 62 (5): 439-449.
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    Mohammed Shaker Al_Khshali. (2017). Effect of Salinity on Feed Conversion Rate, Feed Conversion Efficiency, Protein Intake and Efficiency of Protein Utilization Ratio in Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio. American Journal of Life Sciences, 5(3-1), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.s.2017050301.15

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    ACS Style

    Mohammed Shaker Al_Khshali. Effect of Salinity on Feed Conversion Rate, Feed Conversion Efficiency, Protein Intake and Efficiency of Protein Utilization Ratio in Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio. Am. J. Life Sci. 2017, 5(3-1), 30-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2017050301.15

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    AMA Style

    Mohammed Shaker Al_Khshali. Effect of Salinity on Feed Conversion Rate, Feed Conversion Efficiency, Protein Intake and Efficiency of Protein Utilization Ratio in Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio. Am J Life Sci. 2017;5(3-1):30-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2017050301.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajls.s.2017050301.15,
      author = {Mohammed Shaker Al_Khshali},
      title = {Effect of Salinity on Feed Conversion Rate, Feed Conversion Efficiency, Protein Intake and Efficiency of Protein Utilization Ratio in Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio},
      journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
      volume = {5},
      number = {3-1},
      pages = {30-35},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.s.2017050301.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.s.2017050301.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.s.2017050301.15},
      abstract = {This study was conducted to investigate the impact of increased salinity on some growth parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish, gradually have been exposed to the salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15g/L, as well as tap water (control treatment of 0.1 g/L) for 84 days divided on 12 weeks, and each of salt concentration represented independent treatment with two replications. 80 fish at average weight of 15 ± 3 g were randomly distributed on 8 glass tanks at 10 fish / tank to study the effect of salinity on feed conversion rate, feed conversion efficiency, protein intake and efficiency of protein utilization ratio in common carp. Results showed a decrease in feed conversion rate to16.59, 24.49 and -20.11, when the salinity increased to 5, 10 and 15 g/L respectively, compared to the control treatment (13.32). This is reflected on feed conversion efficiency, which slump to 6.02, 4.08 and - 4.97% in the salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 g/L respectively, compared to the control treatment (7.50%). Protein intake, also decreased to 25.23, 24.07 and 21.37% with the increasing of salinity to 5, 10 and 15 g/L respectively, compared to the control treatment (25.67%), while the efficiency of protein utilization slump to 21.32, 10.94 and -10.07% in the salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 g/L, respectively while it was 29.16% in the control treatment. Fish were fed on a commercial diet with a protein content of 31% during the experiment.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Salinity on Feed Conversion Rate, Feed Conversion Efficiency, Protein Intake and Efficiency of Protein Utilization Ratio in Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio
    AU  - Mohammed Shaker Al_Khshali
    Y1  - 2017/03/06
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.s.2017050301.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2017050301.15
    T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    SP  - 30
    EP  - 35
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5737
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.s.2017050301.15
    AB  - This study was conducted to investigate the impact of increased salinity on some growth parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish, gradually have been exposed to the salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15g/L, as well as tap water (control treatment of 0.1 g/L) for 84 days divided on 12 weeks, and each of salt concentration represented independent treatment with two replications. 80 fish at average weight of 15 ± 3 g were randomly distributed on 8 glass tanks at 10 fish / tank to study the effect of salinity on feed conversion rate, feed conversion efficiency, protein intake and efficiency of protein utilization ratio in common carp. Results showed a decrease in feed conversion rate to16.59, 24.49 and -20.11, when the salinity increased to 5, 10 and 15 g/L respectively, compared to the control treatment (13.32). This is reflected on feed conversion efficiency, which slump to 6.02, 4.08 and - 4.97% in the salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 g/L respectively, compared to the control treatment (7.50%). Protein intake, also decreased to 25.23, 24.07 and 21.37% with the increasing of salinity to 5, 10 and 15 g/L respectively, compared to the control treatment (25.67%), while the efficiency of protein utilization slump to 21.32, 10.94 and -10.07% in the salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 g/L, respectively while it was 29.16% in the control treatment. Fish were fed on a commercial diet with a protein content of 31% during the experiment.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 3-1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

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