Antimony tin oxide (ATO) is known for its high thermal conductivity, optical transmittance, and wide energy band gap, which makes it a promising material for the display devices, solar cells, and chemical sensor industries. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic and physical properties of ATO nanopowder. The ATO nanopowder was divided into two parts: control and treated. The treated part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. The control and treated samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The XRD data revealed that the crystallite size on the plane (110) was significantly reduced to 53.1 nm as compared to the control (212.6 nm). In addition, the lattice parameter, unit cell volume, density, and molecular weight were also altered as compared to the control. The FT-IR spectra showed that the stretching vibration corresponding to Sn-OH was shifted to higher wavenumber (512 cm-1) in the treated sample as compared to the control (496 cm-1). Besides, ESR spectral analysis exhibited that the g-factor was reduced in the treated ATO sample by 21.1% as compared to the control. Also, the ESR signal width and height were reduced by 70.4% and 93.7%, respectively as compared to the control. Hence, the XRD, FT-IR, and ESR data revealed that the biofield energy treatment has a significant impact on the atomic and physical properties of ATO nanopowder. Therefore, the biofield energy treatment could be more useful in display devices and solar cell industries.
| Published in | American Journal of Optics and Photonics (Volume 3, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajop.20150306.11 |
| Page(s) | 123-128 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Antimony Tin Oxide, Nanopowder, Biofield Energy Treatment, X-Ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared, Electron Spin Resonance
| [1] | Babar AR, Shinde SS, Moholkar AV, Bhosale CH, Kim JH, et al. (2011) Physical properties of sprayed antimony doped tin oxide thin films: The role of thickness. J Semiconduct 32: 053001. |
| [2] | Vaufrey D, Khalifa MB, Besland MP, Sandu CS, Blanchin MG, et al. (2002) Reactive ion etching of sol–gel-processed SnO2 transparent conductive oxide as a new material for organic light emitting diodes. Synthetic Metals 127: 207-211. |
| [3] | El-Etre AY, Reda SM (2010) Characterization of nanocrystalline SnO2 thin film fabricated by electrodeposition method for dyesensitized solar cell application. Appl Surf Sci 256: 6601-6606. |
| [4] | Chappel S, Zaba A (2002) Nanoporous SnO2 electrodes for dyesensitized solar cells: improved cell performance by the synthesis of 18 nm SnO2 colloids. Sol Energ Mat Sol Cells 71: 141-151. |
| [5] | Fang C, Wang S, Wang Q, Liu J, Geng B (2010) Coralloid SnO2 with hierarchical structure and their application as recoverable gas sensors for the detection of benzaldehyde/acetone. Mater Chem Phys 122: 30-34. |
| [6] | Ming YH, Hua HY, Zhou QG (2002). Preparation of antimony-doped SnO2 nanocrystallites, Mater Res Bull 37: 2453-2458. |
| [7] | Li LL, Ming ML, Chen DX (2006) Solvothermal synthesis and characterization of Sb-doped SnO2 nanoparticles used as transparent conductive films. Mater Res Bull 41: 541-546. |
| [8] | Qin G, Li D, Chen Z, Hou Y, Feng Z, Liu S (2009) Structural, electronic and optical properties of Sn1-xSbxO2. Comp Mater Sci 46: 418-424. |
| [9] | Rockenberger J, zum Felde U, Tischer M, Troger L, Haase M, et al. (2000) Near edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements (EXAFS) of the valence state and coordination of antimony in doped nanocrystalline SnO2. J Chem Phys 112: 4296. |
| [10] | Stjerna B, Olsson E, Granqvist CG (1994) Optical and electrical properties of radio frequency sputtered tin oxide films doped with oxygen vacancies, F, Sb, or Mo. J Appl Phys 76: 3797-381. |
| [11] | Krishnakumar T, Jayaprakash R, Pinna N, Phani AR, Passacantando M et al. (2009) Structural, optical and electrical characterization of antimony-substituted tin oxide nanoparticles. J Phys Chem Solids 70: 993-999. |
| [12] | Zhang D, Deng Z, Zhang J, Chen L (2006) Microstructure and electrical properties of antimony-doped tin oxide thin film deposited by sol–gel process. Mater Chem Phys 98: 353-357. |
| [13] | Zhang J, Gao L (2004) Synthesis of antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles by the nitrate–citrate combustion method. Mater Res Bull 39: 2249-2255. |
| [14] | Kersen U, Sundberg MR (2003) The reactive surface sites and the H2S sensing potential for the SnO2 produced by a mechanochemical milling. J Electrochem Soc 150: H129–H134. |
| [15] | Willett J, Burganos MN, Tsakiroglou VD, Payatakes CC (1998) Gas sensing and structural properties of variously pretreated nanopowder tin (IV) oxide samples. Sensors and Actuat B: Chem 53: 76-90. |
| [16] | Song KC, Kim JH (2000) Synthesis of high surface area tin oxide powders via water in-oil microemulsions. Powder Technol 107: 268-272. |
| [17] | Saad M, Medeiros RD (2012) Distant healing by the supposed vital energy- scientific bases. Complementary therapies for the contemporary healthcare. InTech. |
| [18] | Barnes PM, Powell-Griner E, McFann K, Nahin RL (2004) Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults: United States, 2002. Adv Data 343: 1-19. |
| [19] | Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O (2015) Studies of the atomic and crystalline characteristics of ceramic oxide nano nanopowders after bio field treatment. Ind Eng Manage 4: 161. |
| [20] | Trivedi MK, Patil S, Nayak G, Jana S, Latiyal O (2015) Influence of biofield treatment on physical, structural and spectral properties of boron nitride. J Material Sci Eng 4: 181. |
| [21] | Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Bairwa K, Jana S (2015) Phenotypic and biotypic characterization of Klebsiella oxytoca: An impact of biofield treatment. J Microb Biochem Technol 7:202-205. |
| [22] | Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O et al.(2015) An evaluation of biofield treatment on thermal, physical and structural properties of cadmium nanopowder. J Thermodyn Catal 6: 147. |
| [23] | Trivedi MK, Tallapragada RM, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, et al. (2015) Potential impact of biofield treatment on atomic and physical characteristics of magnesium. Vitam Miner 3: 129. |
| [24] | Trivedi MK, Patil S, Tallapragada RM (2013) Effect of biofield treatment on the physical and thermal characteristics of vanadium pentoxide nanopowder. J Material Sci Eng S11: 001. |
| [25] | Thangaraju B (2002) Structural and electrical studies on highly conducting spray deposited fluorine and antimony doped SnO2 thin films from SnCl2 precursor. Thin Solid Films 402: 71-78. |
| [26] | Ravichandran K, Philominathan P (2008) Fabrication of antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) films by an inexpensive, simplified spray technique using perfume atomizer. Mater Lett 62: 2980-2983. |
| [27] | Kumar P, Kar M (2014) Effect of structural transition on magnetic and dielectric properties of La and Mn co-substituted BiFeO3 ceramics. Mater Chem Phys. 148: 968-977. |
| [28] | Singh R, Gupta S, Das B (2011) Synthesis and structural/microstructural characteristics of antimony doped tin oxide (Sn1-xSbxO2-δ). Cond Mat Mtrl Sci. http://arxiv.org/pdf/1107.1807.pdf |
| [29] | Zhang L, Wu J, Chena F, Li X, Schoenung JM (2013) Spark plasma sintering of antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoceramics with high density and enhanced electrical conductivity. J Asian Ceram Soc 1: 114-119. |
| [30] | Morales FL, Zayas T, Contreras OE, Salgado L(2013) Effect of Sn precursor on the synthesis of SnO2 and Sb-doped SnO2 particles via polymeric precursor method. Front Mater Sci 7: 387-395. |
| [31] | Xiaozhen L，Jie C，Yan W, Jie X (2009) Synthesis and characterization of Gd and Sb Doped SnO2 conductive nanoparticles. Proceeding of ICNM – 2009 1st International Conference on Nanostructured Materials and Nanocomposites (6 – 8 April 2009, Kottayam, India). |
| [32] | Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O, et al. (2015) Impact of biofield treatment on atomic and structural characteristics of barium titanate nanopowder. Ind Eng Manage 4: 166. |
| [33] | Cui Y, Feng Y (2005) EPR study on Sb doped Ti-base SnO2 electrodes. J Mater Sci 40: 4695-4697. |
APA Style
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, et al. (2015). The Potential Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment on the Atomic and Physical Properties of Antimony Tin Oxide Nanopowder. American Journal of Optics and Photonics, 3(6), 123-128. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20150306.11
ACS Style
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi; Rama Mohan Tallapragada; Alice Branton; Dahryn Trivedi; Gopal Nayak, et al. The Potential Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment on the Atomic and Physical Properties of Antimony Tin Oxide Nanopowder. Am. J. Opt. Photonics 2015, 3(6), 123-128. doi: 10.11648/j.ajop.20150306.11
AMA Style
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, et al. The Potential Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment on the Atomic and Physical Properties of Antimony Tin Oxide Nanopowder. Am J Opt Photonics. 2015;3(6):123-128. doi: 10.11648/j.ajop.20150306.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajop.20150306.11,
author = {Mahendra Kumar Trivedi and Rama Mohan Tallapragada and Alice Branton and Dahryn Trivedi and Gopal Nayak and Omprakash Latiyal and Snehasis Jana},
title = {The Potential Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment on the Atomic and Physical Properties of Antimony Tin Oxide Nanopowder},
journal = {American Journal of Optics and Photonics},
volume = {3},
number = {6},
pages = {123-128},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajop.20150306.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20150306.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajop.20150306.11},
abstract = {Antimony tin oxide (ATO) is known for its high thermal conductivity, optical transmittance, and wide energy band gap, which makes it a promising material for the display devices, solar cells, and chemical sensor industries. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic and physical properties of ATO nanopowder. The ATO nanopowder was divided into two parts: control and treated. The treated part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. The control and treated samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The XRD data revealed that the crystallite size on the plane (110) was significantly reduced to 53.1 nm as compared to the control (212.6 nm). In addition, the lattice parameter, unit cell volume, density, and molecular weight were also altered as compared to the control. The FT-IR spectra showed that the stretching vibration corresponding to Sn-OH was shifted to higher wavenumber (512 cm-1) in the treated sample as compared to the control (496 cm-1). Besides, ESR spectral analysis exhibited that the g-factor was reduced in the treated ATO sample by 21.1% as compared to the control. Also, the ESR signal width and height were reduced by 70.4% and 93.7%, respectively as compared to the control. Hence, the XRD, FT-IR, and ESR data revealed that the biofield energy treatment has a significant impact on the atomic and physical properties of ATO nanopowder. Therefore, the biofield energy treatment could be more useful in display devices and solar cell industries.},
year = {2015}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - The Potential Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment on the Atomic and Physical Properties of Antimony Tin Oxide Nanopowder AU - Mahendra Kumar Trivedi AU - Rama Mohan Tallapragada AU - Alice Branton AU - Dahryn Trivedi AU - Gopal Nayak AU - Omprakash Latiyal AU - Snehasis Jana Y1 - 2015/12/21 PY - 2015 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20150306.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ajop.20150306.11 T2 - American Journal of Optics and Photonics JF - American Journal of Optics and Photonics JO - American Journal of Optics and Photonics SP - 123 EP - 128 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-8494 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20150306.11 AB - Antimony tin oxide (ATO) is known for its high thermal conductivity, optical transmittance, and wide energy band gap, which makes it a promising material for the display devices, solar cells, and chemical sensor industries. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic and physical properties of ATO nanopowder. The ATO nanopowder was divided into two parts: control and treated. The treated part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. The control and treated samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The XRD data revealed that the crystallite size on the plane (110) was significantly reduced to 53.1 nm as compared to the control (212.6 nm). In addition, the lattice parameter, unit cell volume, density, and molecular weight were also altered as compared to the control. The FT-IR spectra showed that the stretching vibration corresponding to Sn-OH was shifted to higher wavenumber (512 cm-1) in the treated sample as compared to the control (496 cm-1). Besides, ESR spectral analysis exhibited that the g-factor was reduced in the treated ATO sample by 21.1% as compared to the control. Also, the ESR signal width and height were reduced by 70.4% and 93.7%, respectively as compared to the control. Hence, the XRD, FT-IR, and ESR data revealed that the biofield energy treatment has a significant impact on the atomic and physical properties of ATO nanopowder. Therefore, the biofield energy treatment could be more useful in display devices and solar cell industries. VL - 3 IS - 6 ER -
Information
Email: