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Running Consistent Parallel Experiments in Vehicular Environment

Received: 13 March 2013    Accepted:     Published: 20 February 2013
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Abstract

The dynamic nature of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) makes performance comparisons hard, because network conditions cannot be replicated. This paper introduces PepNet (Parallel Experiment Platform for VANET), a VANET testbed where multiple experimental configurations run simultaneously on identical network conditions. PepNet exploits Xen and Gentoo to provide a virtualized environment at every node. Atop the virtualized environment, multiple virtual guests, each are carrying an independent experiment, run in parallel sharing the same physical resources. The contributions of this paper are three-fold. (1) Virtual machines run various experiments simultaneously, so that each set of experiments encounters identical network conditions and thus produces consistent results. (2) Fewer physical machines are required. (3) Experiments are more consistent, easier to control, and the results are easier to interpret. To demonstrate the efficacy of PepNet, two well-known ad-hoc routing protocols, AODV and OLSR, are tested. Experiments confirm the results published in several previous studies, while the new testbed is more efficient and gives more consistent results.

Published in International Journal of Sensors and Sensor Networks (Volume 1, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijssn.20130101.12
Page(s) 10-20
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

VANET, Testbed

References
[1] A. Festag, H. Hartenstein, A. Sarma and R. Schmitz, "FleetNet: Bringing carto-car communication into real world", in Proc. 11th ITS World Congress, October 2004.
[2] M. Jerbi, S.-M. Senouci, M. Al Haj, "Extensive experimental characterization of communications in vehicular ad hoc networks within different environments", in Proc. IEEE VTC 2007. doi:10.1109/WCNC.2008.577.
[3] R. Mangharam, J.J. Meyers, R. Rajkumar, D.D. Stancil, J.S. Parikh, H. Krishnan and C. Kellum, "A multi-hop mobile networking test-bed for telematics", in Proc. SAE World Congress, 2005. citeseer doi: 10.1.1.65.9415.
[4] MyCarEvent Project "http://www.mycarevent.com/".
[5] CVeT Testbed "http://www.vehicularlab.org/testbed.php".
[6] C. Pinart, P. Sanz, I. Lequerica, D. Garc’?a, I. Barona, and D. S’anchez-Aparisi, "DRIVE: a reconfigurable testbed for advanced vehicular services and communications", Tri-dentCom ’08, Innsbruck, Austria.
[7] Valery Naumov, Rainer Baumann and Thomas Gross, "An Evaluation of Inter-Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks Based on Realistic Vehicular traces", MobiHoc ’06, May 22-25, 2006. doi:10.1145/1132905.1132918.
[8] E. Giordano, R. Frank, G. Pau, and M. Gerla, "Corner: a realistic urban propagation model for VANET", in The Seventh International Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services (WONS), 2010. doi:10.1109/WONS.2010.5437133.
[9] K.C. Lee , S. Lee , R. Cheung , U. Lee and M. Gerla, "First Experience with CarTorrent in a Real Vehicular Ad Hoc Network Testbed", in Proc. VANET MOVE, May 2007. doi:10.1109/MOVE.2007.4300814.
[10] J. Bernsen and D. Manivannan, "Unicast routing protocols for vehicular adhoc networks: A critical comparison and classification", Pervasive and Mobile Computing 5 (2009) 1-18. doi:10.1016/j.pmcj.2008.09.001.
[11] C. Lochert, B. Scheuermann and M. Mauve, "Probabilistic Aggregation for Data Dissemination in VANETs", VANET 2007:Proceedings of the 4th ACM International Workship on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. doi:10.1145/1287748.1287750.
[12] A. Bachir and A. Benslimane, "A Multicast Protocol in Ad hoc Networks Inter-Vehicle Geocast", in Proc. 58th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, Orlando, USA, October 2003. doi:10.1109/VETECS.2003.1208832 .
[13] Y.C. Tseng, S.Y. Ni, Y.S. Chen, and J.P. Sheu, "The broadcast storm problem in a mobile ad hoc network", Wirel. Netw., vol. 8, no. 2/3, pp. 153-167, Mar.-May 2002. doi:10.1023/A:1013763825347.
[14] CMU wireless emulator "http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~emulator/".
[15] ORBIT: Open-Access Research Testbed for Next-Generation Wireless Networks, "http://www.orbit-lab.org/".
[16] Devashish Rastogi, Sachin Ganu, Yanyong Zhang, Wade Trappe, and Charles Graff, "A comparative study of AODV and OLSR on the ORBIT testbed", Milcom 2007. doi:10.1109/MILCOM.2007.4455056
[17] APE testbed "http://apetestbed.sourceforge.net/".
[18] R. S. Gray and D. Kotz, "Outdoor experimental comparison of four ad hoc routing algorithms", MSWiM ’04. doi:10.1145/1023663.1023703.
[19] MIT ROOFNET "http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/roofnet/".
[20] Berlin Roof Net (BRN) "http://sar.informatik.hu-berlin.de/research/projects/2005-BerlinRoofNet/berlin roof net.htm".
[21] Microsoft Research: Mesh Networking "http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/mesh/".
[22] MadWifi project "http://madwifi-project.org/".
[23] Xen "http://www.xen.org/".
[24] Gentoo "http://www.gentoo.org/".
[25] GPSD "http://gpsd.berlios.de/".
[26] Wireshark "http://www.wireshark.org/".
[27] P. Apparao, S. Makineni, D. Newell, "Characterization of network processing overheads in Xen", VTDC ’06. doi:10.1109/VTDC.2006.3.
[28] AODV-UU "http://core.it.uu.se/core/index.php/AODV-UU".
[29] RFC 3561: Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing.
[30] RFC 3626: Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR).
[31] OLSRD "http://www.olsr.org/"
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Jui-Ting Weng, Ian Ku, Giovanni Pau, Mario Gerla. (2013). Running Consistent Parallel Experiments in Vehicular Environment. International Journal of Sensors and Sensor Networks, 1(1), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijssn.20130101.12

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    ACS Style

    Jui-Ting Weng; Ian Ku; Giovanni Pau; Mario Gerla. Running Consistent Parallel Experiments in Vehicular Environment. Int. J. Sens. Sens. Netw. 2013, 1(1), 10-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ijssn.20130101.12

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    AMA Style

    Jui-Ting Weng, Ian Ku, Giovanni Pau, Mario Gerla. Running Consistent Parallel Experiments in Vehicular Environment. Int J Sens Sens Netw. 2013;1(1):10-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ijssn.20130101.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijssn.20130101.12,
      author = {Jui-Ting Weng and Ian Ku and Giovanni Pau and Mario Gerla},
      title = {Running Consistent Parallel Experiments in Vehicular Environment},
      journal = {International Journal of Sensors and Sensor Networks},
      volume = {1},
      number = {1},
      pages = {10-20},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijssn.20130101.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijssn.20130101.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijssn.20130101.12},
      abstract = {The dynamic nature of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) makes performance comparisons hard, because network conditions cannot be replicated. This paper introduces PepNet (Parallel Experiment Platform for VANET), a VANET testbed where multiple experimental configurations run simultaneously on identical network conditions. PepNet exploits Xen and Gentoo to provide a virtualized environment at every node. Atop the virtualized environment, multiple virtual guests, each are carrying an independent experiment, run in parallel sharing the same physical resources. The contributions of this paper are three-fold. (1) Virtual machines run various experiments simultaneously, so that each set of experiments encounters identical network conditions and thus produces consistent results. (2) Fewer physical machines are required. (3) Experiments are more consistent, easier to control, and the results are easier to interpret. To demonstrate the efficacy of PepNet, two well-known ad-hoc routing protocols, AODV and OLSR, are tested. Experiments confirm the results published in several previous studies, while the new testbed is more efficient and gives more consistent results.},
     year = {2013}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Running Consistent Parallel Experiments in Vehicular Environment
    AU  - Jui-Ting Weng
    AU  - Ian Ku
    AU  - Giovanni Pau
    AU  - Mario Gerla
    Y1  - 2013/02/20
    PY  - 2013
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijssn.20130101.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijssn.20130101.12
    T2  - International Journal of Sensors and Sensor Networks
    JF  - International Journal of Sensors and Sensor Networks
    JO  - International Journal of Sensors and Sensor Networks
    SP  - 10
    EP  - 20
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2329-1788
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijssn.20130101.12
    AB  - The dynamic nature of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) makes performance comparisons hard, because network conditions cannot be replicated. This paper introduces PepNet (Parallel Experiment Platform for VANET), a VANET testbed where multiple experimental configurations run simultaneously on identical network conditions. PepNet exploits Xen and Gentoo to provide a virtualized environment at every node. Atop the virtualized environment, multiple virtual guests, each are carrying an independent experiment, run in parallel sharing the same physical resources. The contributions of this paper are three-fold. (1) Virtual machines run various experiments simultaneously, so that each set of experiments encounters identical network conditions and thus produces consistent results. (2) Fewer physical machines are required. (3) Experiments are more consistent, easier to control, and the results are easier to interpret. To demonstrate the efficacy of PepNet, two well-known ad-hoc routing protocols, AODV and OLSR, are tested. Experiments confirm the results published in several previous studies, while the new testbed is more efficient and gives more consistent results.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Computer Science Department of University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA

  • Computer Science Department of University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA

  • Computer Science Department of University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA

  • Computer Science Department of University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA

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