The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks

Farzam Saeednia; Shapour Khorshidi; Mohssen Masoumi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30

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The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks

Farzam Saeednia, Shapour Khorshidi, Mohssen Masoumi

Published in International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems (Volume 3, Issue 6-1)

Received: 6 November 2014 Accepted: 10 November 2014 Published: 12 November 2014

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Abstract

The most important difference between the wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) andthe wireless ground sensor networksis the propagation environment of the signal .In fact, the underground environments consist of soil, rock and water instead of the air. The challenging reasons of these environments to propagate the wireless signal via the Electro Magnetic (EM) 2waves are considered as: the high path loss, channel dynamic conditions and the high size of antenna. At the present study, the details of Bit Error Rate (BER) 3 for 2PSK modulation, path loss and the bandwidth of the Magnetic Induction (MI) 4Systems and Electro Magnetic (EM) Waveguide in the underground environment areevaluated. Meanwhile, a new method isintroduced via MI waveguide that provided the constant conditions of channel by the small inductive coils. At the end of this study,itisfounded that the transmission range in MI waveguide system would be raised and the path loss in that system would be declined severely.

Published in	International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems (Volume 3, Issue 6-1) This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Practices in Information Systems and Technologies in Developing Countries
DOI	10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30
Page(s)	109-114
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Channel Modulation, MI Waveguide Method, Underground Communications, Wireless Sensor Networks, Magnetic Induction

References

[1]	I. F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirci, “Wireless sensor networks: A survey,” Computer Networks., vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 393–422, March 2002.
[2]	I. F. Akyildiz and E. P. Stuntebeck, “Wireless underground sensor networks: Research challenges,” Ad Hoc Networks (Elsevier),vol. 4, pp. 669–686, Jul. 2006.
[3]	L. Li, M. C. Vuran, and I. F. Akyildiz, “Characteristics of underground channel for wireless underground sensor networks,” presented at the Med-Hoc-Net’07, Corfu, Greece, Jun. 2007.
[4]	T. A. Milligan, Modern Antenna Design, 2nd ed. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2005.
[5]	N. Jack and K. Shenai, “Magnetic induction IC for wireless communication in RF-impenetrable media,” presented at the IEEE Workshop on Microelectronics and Electron Devices (WMED 2007), Apr. 2007.
[6]	J. J. Sojdehei, P. N. Wrathall, and D. F. Dinn, “Magneto-inductive (MI) communications,” presented at the MTS/IEEE Conf. and Exhibition (OCEANS 2001), Nov. 2001.
[7]	A. R. Silva and M. C. Vuran, “Development of a testbed for wirelessunderground sensor networks,” EURASIP J.WirelessCommun.Netw.(JWCN)[Online].Available:http://cse.unl.edu/~mcvuran/ugTestbed.pdf
[8]	Standard Specification for Standard Nominal Diameters and Cross- Sectional Areas of AWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Used as Electrical Conductors, ASTM Standard B 258-02, ASTM International, 2002.
[9]	Sun, Z. and Akyildiz, I. F.,"Magnetic Induction Communications for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks,"IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 2426-2435, July 2010.

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APA Style

Farzam Saeednia, Shapour Khorshidi, Mohssen Masoumi. (2014). The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks. International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, 3(6-1), 109-114. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30

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ACS Style

Farzam Saeednia; Shapour Khorshidi; Mohssen Masoumi. The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks. Int. J. Intell. Inf. Syst. 2014, 3(6-1), 109-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30

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AMA Style

Farzam Saeednia, Shapour Khorshidi, Mohssen Masoumi. The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks. Int J Intell Inf Syst. 2014;3(6-1):109-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30

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@article{10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30,
  author = {Farzam Saeednia and Shapour Khorshidi and Mohssen Masoumi},
  title = {The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks},
  journal = {International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6-1},
  pages = {109-114},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30},
  abstract = {The most important difference between the wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) andthe wireless ground sensor networksis the propagation environment of the signal .In fact, the underground environments consist of soil, rock and water instead of the air. The challenging reasons of these environments to propagate the wireless signal via the Electro Magnetic (EM) 2waves are considered as: the high path loss, channel dynamic conditions and the high size of antenna. At the present study, the details of Bit Error Rate (BER) 3 for 2PSK modulation, path loss and the bandwidth of the Magnetic Induction (MI) 4Systems and Electro Magnetic (EM) Waveguide in the underground environment areevaluated. Meanwhile, a new method isintroduced via MI waveguide that provided the constant conditions of channel by the small inductive coils. At the end of this study,itisfounded that the transmission range in MI waveguide system would be raised and the path loss in that system would be declined severely.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks
AU  - Farzam Saeednia
AU  - Shapour Khorshidi
AU  - Mohssen Masoumi
Y1  - 2014/11/12
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30
T2  - International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems
JF  - International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems
JO  - International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems
SP  - 109
EP  - 114
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7683
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30
AB  - The most important difference between the wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) andthe wireless ground sensor networksis the propagation environment of the signal .In fact, the underground environments consist of soil, rock and water instead of the air. The challenging reasons of these environments to propagate the wireless signal via the Electro Magnetic (EM) 2waves are considered as: the high path loss, channel dynamic conditions and the high size of antenna. At the present study, the details of Bit Error Rate (BER) 3 for 2PSK modulation, path loss and the bandwidth of the Magnetic Induction (MI) 4Systems and Electro Magnetic (EM) Waveguide in the underground environment areevaluated. Meanwhile, a new method isintroduced via MI waveguide that provided the constant conditions of channel by the small inductive coils. At the end of this study,itisfounded that the transmission range in MI waveguide system would be raised and the path loss in that system would be declined severely.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6-1
ER  -

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Author Information

Farzam Saeednia

Department Of Electrical Engineering, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
Shapour Khorshidi

Air-Sea Science and Technology Academic Complex, Shiraz, Iran
Mohssen Masoumi

Department Of Electrical Engineering, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Farzam Saeednia, Shapour Khorshidi, Mohssen Masoumi. (2014). The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks. International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, 3(6-1), 109-114. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30

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ACS Style

Farzam Saeednia; Shapour Khorshidi; Mohssen Masoumi. The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks. Int. J. Intell. Inf. Syst. 2014, 3(6-1), 109-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30

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AMA Style

Farzam Saeednia, Shapour Khorshidi, Mohssen Masoumi. The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks. Int J Intell Inf Syst. 2014;3(6-1):109-114. doi: 10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30,
  author = {Farzam Saeednia and Shapour Khorshidi and Mohssen Masoumi},
  title = {The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks},
  journal = {International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6-1},
  pages = {109-114},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30},
  abstract = {The most important difference between the wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) andthe wireless ground sensor networksis the propagation environment of the signal .In fact, the underground environments consist of soil, rock and water instead of the air. The challenging reasons of these environments to propagate the wireless signal via the Electro Magnetic (EM) 2waves are considered as: the high path loss, channel dynamic conditions and the high size of antenna. At the present study, the details of Bit Error Rate (BER) 3 for 2PSK modulation, path loss and the bandwidth of the Magnetic Induction (MI) 4Systems and Electro Magnetic (EM) Waveguide in the underground environment areevaluated. Meanwhile, a new method isintroduced via MI waveguide that provided the constant conditions of channel by the small inductive coils. At the end of this study,itisfounded that the transmission range in MI waveguide system would be raised and the path loss in that system would be declined severely.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Magnetic Induction Communications for the Wireless Underground Sensor Networks
AU  - Farzam Saeednia
AU  - Shapour Khorshidi
AU  - Mohssen Masoumi
Y1  - 2014/11/12
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30
T2  - International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems
JF  - International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems
JO  - International Journal of Intelligent Information Systems
SP  - 109
EP  - 114
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7683
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijiis.s.2014030601.30
AB  - The most important difference between the wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) andthe wireless ground sensor networksis the propagation environment of the signal .In fact, the underground environments consist of soil, rock and water instead of the air. The challenging reasons of these environments to propagate the wireless signal via the Electro Magnetic (EM) 2waves are considered as: the high path loss, channel dynamic conditions and the high size of antenna. At the present study, the details of Bit Error Rate (BER) 3 for 2PSK modulation, path loss and the bandwidth of the Magnetic Induction (MI) 4Systems and Electro Magnetic (EM) Waveguide in the underground environment areevaluated. Meanwhile, a new method isintroduced via MI waveguide that provided the constant conditions of channel by the small inductive coils. At the end of this study,itisfounded that the transmission range in MI waveguide system would be raised and the path loss in that system would be declined severely.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6-1
ER  -

Copy | Download