| Peer-Reviewed

Design of Analog Field Programmable CMOS Current Conveyor

Received: 21 December 2012    Accepted:     Published: 30 December 2012
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

The paper propose a modified high frequency current controlled current conveyor CMOS circuit CCCII where current gain, current controlling intrinsic impedance and circuit offsets are programmable independently to desired values within a specific field range after fabrication with the help of field programmable floating gate transistors FGMOS. The programmable charge at floating-gate of FGMOS using external voltages results in its threshold voltage variation, which in turn program the design (CCCII) specifications. The circuit occupies low power, about 1.509mW total power dissipation and shows higher temperature stability (0.0287uA/°C variation in output current with temperature change). With specific sizing and biasing condition, the current gain can be programmed from 0.2 to 2.1, intrinsic impedance from 15K to 51K, while offset current can be compensated, independently using each FGMOSFETs, respectively, with 13-bit precision. However the final programmable CCCII circuit with FGMOSFETs occupies 65µm × 54µm chip area. The circuit finds application in systems where field-programmability of the design using smaller sized hardware is required like universal filter, current control high frequency oscillator, etc as compared to the circuits using current control conveyor based FPAAs.

Published in Science Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing (Volume 1, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.cssp.20120101.12
Page(s) 9-21
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Current Controlled Conveyor, Floating-Gates, Field Programmable Specifications, Field Programmable Threshold Voltage

References
[1] N. Hassen, T Ettaghzouti, K. Besbes, High-performance Second generation controlled current conveyor CCCII and High Frequency Applications, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 60, pp. 1361-1370, 2011.
[2] C. Toumazou, F.J.Lidgey, D. Laigh, Analogue IC Design: The Current-mode approach, book published Peter Peregrinus Ltd., ISBN 0 86341 297 1, 1990.
[3] C. Toumazou, Circuit and System Tutorials, book published by IEEE press, IEEE order no. PP5596, ISBN 0-7803-1170-1, 1996.
[4] C. A. Reis Filho, M. Santos, A high-performance CMOS first-generation current conveyor, Proceedings of 1st IEEE International Caracas conference on Devices, Circuits and Systems, pp. 62-65, Dec, 1995.
[5] A. Sedra, K .Smith, A second-generation Current Conveyor and its applications, IEEE Transac. On Circuit Theory, Vol.17, Issue.1, pp.132-134, Feb, 1970.
[6] O.Oliaci, Compound current conveyor (CCII+ & CCII-), Electronic letter, Vol.33, Issue.4, pp.253-254, 1997.
[7] I. A. Awad, Inverting second generation current conveyors: the missing building blocks, CMOS realizations and appli-cations, International Journal of Electronics, Vol. 86, Issue. 4, pp. 413-432, 1999.
[8] S.M.A.Shahrani, M.A.A.Absi, New Realizations of CMOS Current Controlled Conveyor with variable Current Gain and Negative Input Resistance, IEEE 46th Midwest Symposium on Circuit and System proceedings, vol.1, pp. 43-46, 2005.
[9] W. Chaunhua, S. Zhixing, L. Haiguang, New CMOS Cur-rent-controlled second generation Current Conveyors, IEEE conference on Circuit and System for Communication pro-ceeding, ICCSC, pp. 333-337, 2008.
[10] H. Z. Abouda, A. Fabre, A New Balanced CMOS Controlled Integrator for Ultra High Frequency Applications, Analog Integrated Circuit and Signal Processing, no. 47, pp. 13-22, 2006.
[11] Z. Abbas, G Scotti, M. Olivieri, Current Controlled Current Conveyor (CCCII) and Application using 65nm CMOS Technology, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Paris, France, July 27-29, 2011.
[12] C.M.Chang, T.H.Huang, S.H.Tu, C.L.Hou, J.W.Horng, Universal Active Current Filter Using Single Second-generation Current Controlled Conveyor, Electronic letter, Vol. 27, pp. 1614-1617, 1991.
[13] M. Y. Yasin, B. Gopal, High Frequency Oscillator Design using a single 45nm CMOS Current controlled current con-veyor (CCCII+) with Minimum Passive Components, Scientific Research Circuit and System, Vol.2, pp. 53-59, 2011.
[14] S. Mahmoud, Low power Low-Pass Filter with Program-mable Cutoff Frequency Based On a tunable Unity Gain Frequency Operational Amplifier, Journal of Circuits, Sys-tems and Computers, Vol.19, pp.1C13, 2010.
[15] S. Mahmoud, Digitally Controlled CMOS Balanced Output Transconductor and Application to Variable Gain Amplifier and Gm-C Filter on Field Programmable Analog Array, Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, Vol.14¸ pp. 667 C684, 2005.
[16] S. Mahmoud, M. Hashiesh, A. Soliman, Low-Voltage Di-gitally Controlled Fully Differential Current Conveyor, IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I, Vol. 52, pp.2055C2064, 2005.
[17] J. Becker, F. Henrici, S. Trendelenburg, M. Ortmanns, Y. Manoli, A Field-Programmable Analog Array of 55 Digitally Tunable OTAs in a Hexagonal Lattice, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 43, pp. 2759C2768, 2008.
[18] S. Mahmoud, M. Hashiesh, A. Soliman, Low-Voltage Di-gitally Controlled Fully Differential Current Conveyor, IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I Vol.52, pp. 2055C2064, 2005.
[19] T. Hassan, S. Mahmoud, Fully Programmable Universal Filter with Independent Gain-oo-Q Control Based On New Digitally Programmable CMOS CCII. Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, Vol.18, pp. 875C897, 2009.
[20] I.A.Khan, A.M.Nahhas, Current mode programmable Ana-log modules using low voltage digitally controlled CMOS CCII, International journal of Computer Applications,Vol. 48, No.4, pp. 997-888, June 2012.
[21] P. Hasler and J. Dugger, An analog floating-gate node for supervised learning, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, Vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 834C845, 2005.
[22] P. Brady and P. Hasler, Offset compensation in flash ADCs using floatingCgate circuits, in IEEE Proceedings of the International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, pp. 6154C6157, 2005.
[23] D. W. Graham, E. Farquhar, B. Degnan, C. Gordon, and P. Hasler, Indirect programming of floating-gate transistors, in Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, May, pp. 2172 C 2175, 2005.
[24] K. Rahimi, C. Diorio, C. Hernandez, M.D.Brockhausen, A Simulation model for floating gate MOS synapse transistors, IEEE International Symposium on Circuit and Systems, Vol. 2, pp. 532-535, 2002.
[25] Y.L.Wong, M.H Cohen, P.A.Abshire, A 1.2 GHz adaptive floating gate comparator with 13-bit resolution, IEEE pro-ceeding of conference ISCAS, Vol.6, pp. 6146-49, 2005.
[26] G.Kapur, S.Mittal, C.M.Markan, V.P.Pyara, To develop a design methodology for an Analog Field Programmable CMOS Current Conveyor, proceedings of IEEE student conference SCES 2012, MNNIT, Allahabad, pp. 1-6, 16th -18th March, 2012.
[27] G. Kapur, S. Mittal, C.M.Markan, V.P.Pyara, A Unique Design Methodology to generate reconfigurable Analog ICs with simplified Design Cycle. Proceeding of an International Workshop for Unique Chips and systems, in conjunction with IEEE HPCA-2012, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, pp. 28-33, 25-29th Feb 2012.
[28] G.Kapur, C.M.Markan, Design Methodology for Analog Circuit Designs using Proposed Field Programmable Basic Analog Building Blocks, proceedings of IEEE (CAS) con-ference Field Programmable Technology, FPT11, IIT Delhi, 12th to 14th Dec, 2011.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    G. Kapur, S. Mittal, C. M. Markan, V. P. Pyara. (2012). Design of Analog Field Programmable CMOS Current Conveyor. Science Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing, 1(1), 9-21. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cssp.20120101.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    G. Kapur; S. Mittal; C. M. Markan; V. P. Pyara. Design of Analog Field Programmable CMOS Current Conveyor. Sci. J. Circuits Syst. Signal Process. 2012, 1(1), 9-21. doi: 10.11648/j.cssp.20120101.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    G. Kapur, S. Mittal, C. M. Markan, V. P. Pyara. Design of Analog Field Programmable CMOS Current Conveyor. Sci J Circuits Syst Signal Process. 2012;1(1):9-21. doi: 10.11648/j.cssp.20120101.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.cssp.20120101.12,
      author = {G. Kapur and S. Mittal and C. M. Markan and V. P. Pyara},
      title = {Design of Analog Field Programmable CMOS Current Conveyor},
      journal = {Science Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing},
      volume = {1},
      number = {1},
      pages = {9-21},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cssp.20120101.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cssp.20120101.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cssp.20120101.12},
      abstract = {The paper propose a modified high frequency current controlled current conveyor CMOS circuit CCCII where current gain, current controlling intrinsic impedance and circuit offsets are programmable independently to desired values within a specific field range after fabrication with the help of field programmable floating gate transistors FGMOS. The programmable charge at floating-gate of FGMOS using external voltages results in its threshold voltage variation, which in turn program the design (CCCII) specifications. The circuit occupies low power, about 1.509mW total power dissipation and shows higher temperature stability (0.0287uA/°C variation in output current with temperature change). With specific sizing and biasing condition, the current gain can be programmed from 0.2 to 2.1, intrinsic impedance from 15K to 51K, while offset current can be compensated, independently using each FGMOSFETs, respectively, with 13-bit precision. However the final programmable CCCII circuit with FGMOSFETs occupies 65µm × 54µm chip area. The circuit finds application in systems where field-programmability of the design using smaller sized hardware is required like universal filter, current control high frequency oscillator, etc as compared to the circuits using current control conveyor based FPAAs.},
     year = {2012}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Design of Analog Field Programmable CMOS Current Conveyor
    AU  - G. Kapur
    AU  - S. Mittal
    AU  - C. M. Markan
    AU  - V. P. Pyara
    Y1  - 2012/12/30
    PY  - 2012
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cssp.20120101.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.cssp.20120101.12
    T2  - Science Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing
    JF  - Science Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing
    JO  - Science Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing
    SP  - 9
    EP  - 21
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2326-9073
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cssp.20120101.12
    AB  - The paper propose a modified high frequency current controlled current conveyor CMOS circuit CCCII where current gain, current controlling intrinsic impedance and circuit offsets are programmable independently to desired values within a specific field range after fabrication with the help of field programmable floating gate transistors FGMOS. The programmable charge at floating-gate of FGMOS using external voltages results in its threshold voltage variation, which in turn program the design (CCCII) specifications. The circuit occupies low power, about 1.509mW total power dissipation and shows higher temperature stability (0.0287uA/°C variation in output current with temperature change). With specific sizing and biasing condition, the current gain can be programmed from 0.2 to 2.1, intrinsic impedance from 15K to 51K, while offset current can be compensated, independently using each FGMOSFETs, respectively, with 13-bit precision. However the final programmable CCCII circuit with FGMOSFETs occupies 65µm × 54µm chip area. The circuit finds application in systems where field-programmability of the design using smaller sized hardware is required like universal filter, current control high frequency oscillator, etc as compared to the circuits using current control conveyor based FPAAs.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, India

  • Indian Institute of Kanpur, Kanpur, India

  • Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, India

  • Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, India

  • Sections