American Journal of Remote Sensing

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Avalanche and Falling Rock Measurement Using Piezoelectric Dynamics and Static Sensors

Received: 20 June 2017    Accepted: 26 July 2017    Published: 25 August 2017
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Abstract

Under certain weather conditions, avalanches can occur because of snow cover on a steep slope. Such avalanches can reach snow fences that are arranged as countermeasures. Furthermore, traffic is completely blocked when fences collapse and snow falls on a road. Therefore, prediction of avalanche occurrence is important, but such predictions are considered difficult. To resolve this difficulty, this study assessed measurement of the danger degree by measuring the risk to the avalanche fence at the time of snowfall and falling rock according to changes in the load and the impact of voltage proportional to the avalanche barrier deformation. This measurement system has fixed sensors attached with mounting brackets to a dedicated avalanche prevention measurement fence. It measures the pressure and vibration measurement of the snowfall at the time of avalanche or rock fall occurrence at the main structure of the fence. Furthermore, this fence made of lumber from thinned timber is useful as a defensive barrier countermeasure against avalanches and falling rock. It is designed to withstand a snow load of 3–5 [t / m2] during an avalanche.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajrs.20170502.11
Published in American Journal of Remote Sensing (Volume 5, Issue 2, April 2017)
Page(s) 10-15
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Insert Smart Sensor, Piezo Electric Sensor, Snow Accumulation Measurements Fence

References
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[2] O. Hangr and S. G. Evans, Engineering evaluation of fragmental rock fall hazard, Proc. of Fifth Int. Symposia. On Landslides, Lausanne, pp. 685–690 (1988).
[3] S. Iskura, K. Kawashima, T. Endou, T. Huskii, Snow avalanche detection and alarm systems using a vibration sensor, The Journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, Vol. 6, No. 4, 367–374 (2000).
[4] B. Leprettre, J.-P. Navarre, J. M. Panel, F. Touvier, A. Taillefer, and J. Roulle: Prototype for operational seismic detection of natural avalanches, Annals of Glaciology, Vol. 26, 313–318 (1998).
[5] K. Kawashima, Y. Kurihara, and K. Izumi: Investigation of collapse accidents of snow patches in Japan report on accident at Mt. Arasawa on August 1, 2004, and casualty analysis for the past 40 years, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice of Journal, Vol. 71, No. 6, 455–469 (2009).
[6] R. Sato, D. Takahashi, and S. Iikura: Development of portable type avalanche detector, RTRI Report, Vol. 30, No. 3, 17–22 (2016).
[7] V. Chritin, M. Rossi, and R. Bolognesi, Acoustic detection system for operational avalanche forecasting, Proc. International Snow Science Workshop, pp. 129–133 (1996).
[8] N. Shimoi, C. H. Cuadra, H. Madokoro and M. Saijyo: Vibration Analysis of Wooden Traditional Frames Using Finite Element Method and Measurements with a Simple Piezoelectric Cable Displacement Sensor, Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (c), Vol. 79, No. 806, 3442–3453 (2013).
[9] Piezoelectric cable/ Piezo film technology manual, Corp. Tokyo Sensor R1, pp. 17–18 (2001).
[10] T. Yamashita, T. Takamatsu, H. Tamai, Y. Takemoto and A. Matsumoto: Experimental study of rehabilitation technique of exposed column-base subjected to brace axial force, Proc. of Constructional Steel, Vol. 19, pp. 133–140 (2011).
[11] T. Takamatsu, H. Douki, and S. Nakamura: A Study of Restoring Force Characteristics of Steel Exposed-Type Column Base, Japanese Society of Steel Construction, No. 10. 499–506 (2002).
Author Information
  • Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan

  • Division of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

  • Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan

  • Department of Development Planning, OYO Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan

  • Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan

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  • APA Style

    Nobuhiro Shimoi, Kazuhisa Nakasho, Carlos Cuadra, Masahiro Saijo, Hirokazu Madokoro. (2017). Avalanche and Falling Rock Measurement Using Piezoelectric Dynamics and Static Sensors. American Journal of Remote Sensing, 5(2), 10-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20170502.11

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    ACS Style

    Nobuhiro Shimoi; Kazuhisa Nakasho; Carlos Cuadra; Masahiro Saijo; Hirokazu Madokoro. Avalanche and Falling Rock Measurement Using Piezoelectric Dynamics and Static Sensors. Am. J. Remote Sens. 2017, 5(2), 10-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ajrs.20170502.11

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    AMA Style

    Nobuhiro Shimoi, Kazuhisa Nakasho, Carlos Cuadra, Masahiro Saijo, Hirokazu Madokoro. Avalanche and Falling Rock Measurement Using Piezoelectric Dynamics and Static Sensors. Am J Remote Sens. 2017;5(2):10-15. doi: 10.11648/j.ajrs.20170502.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajrs.20170502.11,
      author = {Nobuhiro Shimoi and Kazuhisa Nakasho and Carlos Cuadra and Masahiro Saijo and Hirokazu Madokoro},
      title = {Avalanche and Falling Rock Measurement Using Piezoelectric Dynamics and Static Sensors},
      journal = {American Journal of Remote Sensing},
      volume = {5},
      number = {2},
      pages = {10-15},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajrs.20170502.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20170502.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajrs.20170502.11},
      abstract = {Under certain weather conditions, avalanches can occur because of snow cover on a steep slope. Such avalanches can reach snow fences that are arranged as countermeasures. Furthermore, traffic is completely blocked when fences collapse and snow falls on a road. Therefore, prediction of avalanche occurrence is important, but such predictions are considered difficult. To resolve this difficulty, this study assessed measurement of the danger degree by measuring the risk to the avalanche fence at the time of snowfall and falling rock according to changes in the load and the impact of voltage proportional to the avalanche barrier deformation. This measurement system has fixed sensors attached with mounting brackets to a dedicated avalanche prevention measurement fence. It measures the pressure and vibration measurement of the snowfall at the time of avalanche or rock fall occurrence at the main structure of the fence. Furthermore, this fence made of lumber from thinned timber is useful as a defensive barrier countermeasure against avalanches and falling rock. It is designed to withstand a snow load of 3–5 [t / m2] during an avalanche.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Avalanche and Falling Rock Measurement Using Piezoelectric Dynamics and Static Sensors
    AU  - Nobuhiro Shimoi
    AU  - Kazuhisa Nakasho
    AU  - Carlos Cuadra
    AU  - Masahiro Saijo
    AU  - Hirokazu Madokoro
    Y1  - 2017/08/25
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20170502.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajrs.20170502.11
    T2  - American Journal of Remote Sensing
    JF  - American Journal of Remote Sensing
    JO  - American Journal of Remote Sensing
    SP  - 10
    EP  - 15
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-580X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajrs.20170502.11
    AB  - Under certain weather conditions, avalanches can occur because of snow cover on a steep slope. Such avalanches can reach snow fences that are arranged as countermeasures. Furthermore, traffic is completely blocked when fences collapse and snow falls on a road. Therefore, prediction of avalanche occurrence is important, but such predictions are considered difficult. To resolve this difficulty, this study assessed measurement of the danger degree by measuring the risk to the avalanche fence at the time of snowfall and falling rock according to changes in the load and the impact of voltage proportional to the avalanche barrier deformation. This measurement system has fixed sensors attached with mounting brackets to a dedicated avalanche prevention measurement fence. It measures the pressure and vibration measurement of the snowfall at the time of avalanche or rock fall occurrence at the main structure of the fence. Furthermore, this fence made of lumber from thinned timber is useful as a defensive barrier countermeasure against avalanches and falling rock. It is designed to withstand a snow load of 3–5 [t / m2] during an avalanche.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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