Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs

Phanindra Prasad Bhandari; Shree Ram Khadka

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18

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Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs

Phanindra Prasad Bhandari, Shree Ram Khadka

Published in American Journal of Applied Mathematics (Volume 8, Issue 4)

Received: 27 July 2020 Accepted: 10 August 2020 Published: 17 August 2020

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Abstract

An evacuation planning problem provides a plan for existing road topology that sends maximum number of evacuees from risk zone to the safe destination in minimum time period during disasters. The problems with different road network attributes have been studied, and solutions have been proposed in literature. Evacuation planning problems with network contraflow approach, reversing the direction of traffic flow on lanes, with the same transit time on anti-parallel arcs have also been extensively studied. The approach, due to its lane-direction reversal property, can be taken as a potential remedy to mitigate congestion and reduce casualties during emergencies. In this paper, we propose a mathematical optimization contraflow model for the evacuation problem with the case where there may exist different transit time on anti-parallel arcs. We also propose analytical solutions to a few variants of problems, such as maximum dynamic contraflow problem and earliest arrival contraflow problem in which arc reversal capability is allowed only once at time zero. We extend the solution to solve the problems with continuous time settings by applying the natural relation between discrete time flows and continuous time flows. The solution procedures are based on application of temporally repeated flows (TRFs) on modified network, and they solve the problems optimally in strongly polynomial time.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Mathematics (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18
Page(s)	230-235
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Network Flow, Contraflow, TTSP Network, Evacuation Planning Problem, Disaster Management

References

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APA Style

Phanindra Prasad Bhandari, Shree Ram Khadka. (2020). Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs. American Journal of Applied Mathematics, 8(4), 230-235. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18

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ACS Style

Phanindra Prasad Bhandari; Shree Ram Khadka. Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs. Am. J. Appl. Math. 2020, 8(4), 230-235. doi: 10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18

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AMA Style

Phanindra Prasad Bhandari, Shree Ram Khadka. Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs. Am J Appl Math. 2020;8(4):230-235. doi: 10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18,
  author = {Phanindra Prasad Bhandari and Shree Ram Khadka},
  title = {Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Mathematics},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {230-235},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajam.20200804.18},
  abstract = {An evacuation planning problem provides a plan for existing road topology that sends maximum number of evacuees from risk zone to the safe destination in minimum time period during disasters. The problems with different road network attributes have been studied, and solutions have been proposed in literature. Evacuation planning problems with network contraflow approach, reversing the direction of traffic flow on lanes, with the same transit time on anti-parallel arcs have also been extensively studied. The approach, due to its lane-direction reversal property, can be taken as a potential remedy to mitigate congestion and reduce casualties during emergencies. In this paper, we propose a mathematical optimization contraflow model for the evacuation problem with the case where there may exist different transit time on anti-parallel arcs. We also propose analytical solutions to a few variants of problems, such as maximum dynamic contraflow problem and earliest arrival contraflow problem in which arc reversal capability is allowed only once at time zero. We extend the solution to solve the problems with continuous time settings by applying the natural relation between discrete time flows and continuous time flows. The solution procedures are based on application of temporally repeated flows (TRFs) on modified network, and they solve the problems optimally in strongly polynomial time.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs
AU  - Phanindra Prasad Bhandari
AU  - Shree Ram Khadka
Y1  - 2020/08/17
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18
T2  - American Journal of Applied Mathematics
JF  - American Journal of Applied Mathematics
JO  - American Journal of Applied Mathematics
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EP  - 235
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-006X
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AB  - An evacuation planning problem provides a plan for existing road topology that sends maximum number of evacuees from risk zone to the safe destination in minimum time period during disasters. The problems with different road network attributes have been studied, and solutions have been proposed in literature. Evacuation planning problems with network contraflow approach, reversing the direction of traffic flow on lanes, with the same transit time on anti-parallel arcs have also been extensively studied. The approach, due to its lane-direction reversal property, can be taken as a potential remedy to mitigate congestion and reduce casualties during emergencies. In this paper, we propose a mathematical optimization contraflow model for the evacuation problem with the case where there may exist different transit time on anti-parallel arcs. We also propose analytical solutions to a few variants of problems, such as maximum dynamic contraflow problem and earliest arrival contraflow problem in which arc reversal capability is allowed only once at time zero. We extend the solution to solve the problems with continuous time settings by applying the natural relation between discrete time flows and continuous time flows. The solution procedures are based on application of temporally repeated flows (TRFs) on modified network, and they solve the problems optimally in strongly polynomial time.
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Phanindra Prasad Bhandari

Central Department of Mathematics, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
Shree Ram Khadka

Central Department of Mathematics, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Phanindra Prasad Bhandari, Shree Ram Khadka. (2020). Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs. American Journal of Applied Mathematics, 8(4), 230-235. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18

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ACS Style

Phanindra Prasad Bhandari; Shree Ram Khadka. Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs. Am. J. Appl. Math. 2020, 8(4), 230-235. doi: 10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18

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AMA Style

Phanindra Prasad Bhandari, Shree Ram Khadka. Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs. Am J Appl Math. 2020;8(4):230-235. doi: 10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18,
  author = {Phanindra Prasad Bhandari and Shree Ram Khadka},
  title = {Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Mathematics},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {230-235},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajam.20200804.18},
  abstract = {An evacuation planning problem provides a plan for existing road topology that sends maximum number of evacuees from risk zone to the safe destination in minimum time period during disasters. The problems with different road network attributes have been studied, and solutions have been proposed in literature. Evacuation planning problems with network contraflow approach, reversing the direction of traffic flow on lanes, with the same transit time on anti-parallel arcs have also been extensively studied. The approach, due to its lane-direction reversal property, can be taken as a potential remedy to mitigate congestion and reduce casualties during emergencies. In this paper, we propose a mathematical optimization contraflow model for the evacuation problem with the case where there may exist different transit time on anti-parallel arcs. We also propose analytical solutions to a few variants of problems, such as maximum dynamic contraflow problem and earliest arrival contraflow problem in which arc reversal capability is allowed only once at time zero. We extend the solution to solve the problems with continuous time settings by applying the natural relation between discrete time flows and continuous time flows. The solution procedures are based on application of temporally repeated flows (TRFs) on modified network, and they solve the problems optimally in strongly polynomial time.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evacuation Contraflow Problems with Not Necessarily Equal Transit Time on Anti-parallel Arcs
AU  - Phanindra Prasad Bhandari
AU  - Shree Ram Khadka
Y1  - 2020/08/17
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18
T2  - American Journal of Applied Mathematics
JF  - American Journal of Applied Mathematics
JO  - American Journal of Applied Mathematics
SP  - 230
EP  - 235
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-006X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajam.20200804.18
AB  - An evacuation planning problem provides a plan for existing road topology that sends maximum number of evacuees from risk zone to the safe destination in minimum time period during disasters. The problems with different road network attributes have been studied, and solutions have been proposed in literature. Evacuation planning problems with network contraflow approach, reversing the direction of traffic flow on lanes, with the same transit time on anti-parallel arcs have also been extensively studied. The approach, due to its lane-direction reversal property, can be taken as a potential remedy to mitigate congestion and reduce casualties during emergencies. In this paper, we propose a mathematical optimization contraflow model for the evacuation problem with the case where there may exist different transit time on anti-parallel arcs. We also propose analytical solutions to a few variants of problems, such as maximum dynamic contraflow problem and earliest arrival contraflow problem in which arc reversal capability is allowed only once at time zero. We extend the solution to solve the problems with continuous time settings by applying the natural relation between discrete time flows and continuous time flows. The solution procedures are based on application of temporally repeated flows (TRFs) on modified network, and they solve the problems optimally in strongly polynomial time.
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download