Clinical Medicine Research

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Time to Increase WHO Clinical Stage of People Living with HIV in Public Health Facilities of Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia

Received: 02 August 2014    Accepted: 12 August 2014    Published: 20 August 2014
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Abstract

Background: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy improves time to death and recurrence of any opportunistic infections in peoples living with HIV. But little is known about its effect on time to increase WHO clinical stage. Thus, this study was aimed at assessing time to increase WHO clinical stage and associated factors. Method: Retrospective cohort study was used and the required sample size was 464. Study participants were selected randomly from the list of adult people living with HIV attending the public health facilities for ART. Univariate analysis was used to describe patients’ baseline and follow up characteristics. Kaplan-Meier survival and log rank test were used to estimate survival and compare survival curves respectively. Cox proportional-hazard regression model was used to calculate hazard rate and to determine independent predictors of time to increase WHO clinical stage. Result: A total of 464 patients (232 in each cohort) contribute for 898.12 person years of follow up. The overall incidence rate of increased WHO clinical stage was 16.6 per 100 person years of follow up and the incidence of increased WHO clinical stage was 38.5 per 100 person year and 3.8 per 100 person year of follow up in ART and HAART cohorts respectively. Being on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and taking prophylaxis at baseline were the identified predictors’ that prevent increment of WHO clinical stage. In contrary being widowed and single marital status, substance use, rural residence and being in age category 45 years and above were independent predictors for increment of WHO clinical stage. Conclusion: Increment of WHO clinical stage was higher in pre ART cohorts. Special consideration should be given for those who are widowed, substance users and aged 45 years and above.

DOI 10.11648/j.cmr.20140305.11
Published in Clinical Medicine Research (Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2014)
Page(s) 119-124
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

PLWHIV, WHO Clinical Stage, Increase, Public Health Facility

References
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[11] Missaye A, Dagnew M, Alemu A, Alemu A. Prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated risk factors among HIV/AIDS patients with pre-ART and on-ART attending dessie hospital ART clinic, Northeast Ethiopia. AIDS Res Ther. 2013 Feb 25;10(1)
[12] Sun HY, Chen MY, Hsieh SM, Sheng WH, Chang SY. et al. Changes in clinical spectrum of opportunistic illnesses in persons with HIV infection in Taiwan in the era of HAART.. J. Infect. Dis, 2006; 59, 311-316.
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[18] Kassa D. The pattern of immunologic and virologic responses to Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART): Does success bring further challenges? Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2011;25(1):61-70
[19] Charles B. Wood R, Badri M, Zilber S, Wang B. et al. CD4 Decline and Incidence of Opportunistic Infections in Cape Town, South Africa: Implications for Prophylaxis and Treatment. J Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. 2006,42 ( 4)
[20] Kibret KT, Yalew AW, Belaineh BG, Asres MM. Determinant Factors Associated with Occurrence of Tuberculosis among Adult People Living with HIV after Antiretroviral Treatment Initiation in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Case Control Study. 2013. doi:10.1371
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Author Information
  • Arba Minch University, Department of Public Health, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

  • Arba Minch University, Department of Public Health, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

  • Arba Minch University, Department of Public Health, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

  • Debre Markos University, Department of Public Health, Debre Markos, Ethiopia

Cite This Article
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    Direslgne Misker Abyu, Eskezyiaw Agidew Getahun, Marelgn Tilahun Malaju, Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu. (2014). Time to Increase WHO Clinical Stage of People Living with HIV in Public Health Facilities of Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia. Clinical Medicine Research, 3(5), 119-124. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20140305.11

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    Direslgne Misker Abyu; Eskezyiaw Agidew Getahun; Marelgn Tilahun Malaju; Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu. Time to Increase WHO Clinical Stage of People Living with HIV in Public Health Facilities of Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia. Clin. Med. Res. 2014, 3(5), 119-124. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20140305.11

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    AMA Style

    Direslgne Misker Abyu, Eskezyiaw Agidew Getahun, Marelgn Tilahun Malaju, Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu. Time to Increase WHO Clinical Stage of People Living with HIV in Public Health Facilities of Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia. Clin Med Res. 2014;3(5):119-124. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20140305.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.cmr.20140305.11,
      author = {Direslgne Misker Abyu and Eskezyiaw Agidew Getahun and Marelgn Tilahun Malaju and Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu},
      title = {Time to Increase WHO Clinical Stage of People Living with HIV in Public Health Facilities of Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia},
      journal = {Clinical Medicine Research},
      volume = {3},
      number = {5},
      pages = {119-124},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cmr.20140305.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20140305.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cmr.20140305.11},
      abstract = {Background: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy improves time to death and recurrence of any opportunistic infections in peoples living with HIV. But little is known about its effect on time to increase WHO clinical stage. Thus, this study was aimed at assessing time to increase WHO clinical stage and associated factors. Method: Retrospective cohort study was used and the required sample size was 464. Study participants were selected randomly from the list of adult people living with HIV attending the public health facilities for ART. Univariate analysis was used to describe patients’ baseline and follow up characteristics. Kaplan-Meier survival and log rank test were used to estimate survival and compare survival curves respectively. Cox proportional-hazard regression model was used to calculate hazard rate and to determine independent predictors of time to increase WHO clinical stage. Result: A total of 464 patients (232 in each cohort) contribute for 898.12 person years of follow up. The overall incidence rate of increased WHO clinical stage was 16.6 per 100 person years of follow up and the incidence of increased WHO clinical stage was 38.5 per 100 person year and 3.8 per 100 person year of follow up in ART and HAART cohorts respectively. Being on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and taking prophylaxis at baseline were the identified predictors’ that prevent increment of WHO clinical stage. In contrary being widowed and single marital status, substance use, rural residence and being in age category 45 years and above were independent predictors for increment of WHO clinical stage. Conclusion: Increment of WHO clinical stage was higher in pre ART cohorts. Special consideration should be given for those who are widowed, substance users and aged 45 years and above.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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    T1  - Time to Increase WHO Clinical Stage of People Living with HIV in Public Health Facilities of Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia
    AU  - Direslgne Misker Abyu
    AU  - Eskezyiaw Agidew Getahun
    AU  - Marelgn Tilahun Malaju
    AU  - Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu
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    JF  - Clinical Medicine Research
    JO  - Clinical Medicine Research
    SP  - 119
    EP  - 124
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2326-9057
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20140305.11
    AB  - Background: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy improves time to death and recurrence of any opportunistic infections in peoples living with HIV. But little is known about its effect on time to increase WHO clinical stage. Thus, this study was aimed at assessing time to increase WHO clinical stage and associated factors. Method: Retrospective cohort study was used and the required sample size was 464. Study participants were selected randomly from the list of adult people living with HIV attending the public health facilities for ART. Univariate analysis was used to describe patients’ baseline and follow up characteristics. Kaplan-Meier survival and log rank test were used to estimate survival and compare survival curves respectively. Cox proportional-hazard regression model was used to calculate hazard rate and to determine independent predictors of time to increase WHO clinical stage. Result: A total of 464 patients (232 in each cohort) contribute for 898.12 person years of follow up. The overall incidence rate of increased WHO clinical stage was 16.6 per 100 person years of follow up and the incidence of increased WHO clinical stage was 38.5 per 100 person year and 3.8 per 100 person year of follow up in ART and HAART cohorts respectively. Being on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and taking prophylaxis at baseline were the identified predictors’ that prevent increment of WHO clinical stage. In contrary being widowed and single marital status, substance use, rural residence and being in age category 45 years and above were independent predictors for increment of WHO clinical stage. Conclusion: Increment of WHO clinical stage was higher in pre ART cohorts. Special consideration should be given for those who are widowed, substance users and aged 45 years and above.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 5
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