Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students

Doaa Gharieb Moustafa; Eman Shokry Abd-Allah; Nadia Mohamed Taha

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13

| Peer-Reviewed

Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students

Doaa Gharieb Moustafa, Eman Shokry Abd-Allah, Nadia Mohamed Taha

Published in American Journal of Nursing Science (Volume 4, Issue 4)

Received: 22 May 2015 Accepted: 3 June 2015 Published: 29 June 2015

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Although evidence shows that women who correctly practice BSE monthly are more likely to detect a lump in the early stage, with early diagnosis and treatment yielding better survival, few women regularly perform BSE and many do not even know how to perform it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a health education intervention on “breast self-examination” regarding for knowledge, attitude, and practice among female students. Quasi-experimental study was carried out on 180 female student's sitting in the Faculty of Physical Education at Zagazig University and its affiliated hostel. The data collection tools included a self-administered questionnaire and an observation checklist to assess student’s performance of BSE before and after the intervention. The results showed that these students have deficient knowledge and low perceptions regarding breast cancer and BSE; although the majority had positive attitudes, their practice of BSE is very deficient. The educational intervention was effective in improving students’ knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practice. The intervention was a significant independent positive predictor of student's knowledge and practice scores, while the attitude score is modulated through the knowledge score. In conclusion, the university students at the Faculty of physical Education have deficient knowledge, low perceptions and inadequate practice regarding breast cancer and BSE. The educational intervention is effective in improving their knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practice. It is recommended that health education programs for university students, and the curriculum of the faculties of education should include some health-related issues. It is proposed to replicate this study using a randomized clinical trial design in order to confirm the findings and to provide a higher level of evidence.

Published in	American Journal of Nursing Science (Volume 4, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13
Page(s)	159-165
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Breast-Self Examination, Educational Intervention, University Students

References

[1]	Akhtari-Zavare M., Juni M.H., Said S.M., and Ismail I.Z. (2013): Beliefs and behavior of Malaysia undergraduate female students in a public university toward breast self-examination practice. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev.;14(1):57-61.
[2]	Akpo E.E., Akpo M.O., and Akhator A. (2010): Breast cancer knowledge and screening practices among Nigerian medical students. Internet Journal of Health; 11: 8.
[3]	Al-Sharbatti S.S., Shaikh R.B., Mathew E., and Salman Al-Biate M.A. (2013): Breast self-examination practice and breast cancer risk perception among female university students in Ajman. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev.;14(8):4919-23.
[4]	Anakwenze C.P., Coronado-Interis E., Aung M., and Jolly P.E. (2014): A Theory-Based Intervention to Improve Breast Cancer Awareness and Screening in Jamaica. Prev Sci.. [Epub ahead of print]
[5]	Celik S., Tasdemir N., Sancak H., Demirel M., Akman O., and Kara M. (2014): Breast cancer awareness among Turkish nursing students. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev.;15(20):8941-6.
[6]	Ertem G., and Kocer A. (2009): Breast self-examination among nurses and midwives in Odemis health district in Turkey. Indian J Cancer; 46: 208-13.
[7]	Farahani F.K., Shah I., Cleland J., and Mohammadi M.R. (2012): Adolescent males and young females in Tehran: differing perspectives, behaviors and needs for reproductive health and implications for gender sensitive interventions. J Reprod Infertil.;13(2):101-10.
[8]	Florescu A., Amir E., Bouganim N., and Clemons M. (2011): "Immune therapy for breast cancer in 2010—hype or hope?". Current Current Oncology; 18 (1):e9–e18.doi: 10.3747/co. nv18i1.623. PMC 3031364.PMID 21331271.
[9]	Harris A.D., McGregor J.C., Perencevich E.N., Furuno J.P., Zhu J., Peterson D.E., and Finkelstein J. (2006): The use and interpretation of quasi-experimental studies in medical informatics. J Am Med Inform Assoc.;13(1):16-23.
[10]	Humphrey L.L., Helfand, M., and Chan B.K. (2012): Breast Cancer Screening: A Summary of the Evidence for the U.S. preventive services task force. Ann intern Med.; 137:347-707.
[11]	Hussein D.M., Alorf S.H., Al-Sogaih Y.S., Alorf S.H., Alaskar R.S., Al-Mahana A.M., Alsalhowb W.F., Alibrahim A.K., Saka M.Y.,Alhazimi A.M., Baghirova A., and Hindawi S.I. (2013): Breast cancer awareness and breast self-examination in Northern Saudi Arabia. A preliminary survey. Saudi Med J.;34(7):681-8.
[12]	Kharboush I.F., Ismail H.M., Kandil A.A., Mamdouh H.M., Muhammad Y.Y., El Sharkawy O.G., and Sallam H.N. (2011): Raising the Breast Health Awareness amongst Women in an Urban Slum Area in Alexandria, Egypt. Breast Care (Basel).;6(5):375-379.
[13]	Lee-Lin F., Pedhiwala N., Nguyen T., and Menon U. (2014): Breast Health Intervention Effects on Knowledge and Beliefs Over Time Among Chinese American Immigrants-a Randomized Controlled Study. J Cancer Educ. [Epub ahead of print]
[14]	Mena M., Wiafe-Addai B., Sauvaget C., Ali IA, Wiafe S.A., Dabis F., Anderson B.O., Malvy D., and Sasco A.J. (2014): Evaluation of the impact of a breast cancer awareness program in rural Ghana: a cross-sectional survey. Int J Cancer.;134(4):913-24.
[15]	Moodi M., Mood M.B., Sharifirad G.R., Shahnazi H., and Sharifzadeh G. (2011): Evaluation of breast self-examination program using Health Belief Model in female students. J Res Med Sci.;16(3):316-22.
[16]	National Cancer Institute, (2011): "Male Breast Cancer Treatment Retrieved 2011-02-26.http://www.ons.gov.uk /ons/rel/cancer-unit/cancer-survival/cancer-survival-in-england--patients-diagnosed-2007-2011-and-followed-up-to-2012/stb-cancer-survival-in-england--patients-diagnosed-2007-2011-and-followed-up-to-2012.html
[17]	Ouyang Y.Q., and Hu X. (2014): The effect of breast cancer health education on the knowledge, attitudes, and practice: a community health center catchment area. J Cancer Educ.;29(2):375-81.
[18]	Petro-Nustas W., Tsangari H., Phellas C., and Constantinou C. (2013): Health beliefs and practice of breast self-examination among young Cypriot women. J Transcult Nurs.; 24(2):180-8.
[19]	Ranasinghe H.M., Ranasinghe N., Rodrigo C, Seneviratne Rde A., and Rajapakse S. (2013): Awareness of breast cancer among adolescent girls in Colombo, Sri Lanka: a school based study. BMC Public Health.;13:1209.
[20]	Rezaeian M., Sharifirad G., Mostafavi F., Moodi M., and Abbasi M.H. (2014): The effects of breast cancer educational intervention on knowledge and health beliefs of women 40 years and older, Isfahan, Iran. J Educ Health Promot.;3:43.
[21]	Robbins S.P., and Hunsaker P.L. (2012): Training in interpersonal Skills Tips for managing people at work, 6th edition, USA: Pearson com, pp. 51-65.
[22]	Saeed R.S., Bakir Y.Y., and Ali L.M. (2014): Are women in Kuwait aware of breast cancer and its diagnostic procedures? Asian Pac J Cancer Prev.;15(15):6307-13.
[23]	Sankaranarayanan R. (2014): Screening for Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Ann Glob Health.; 80(5):412-417.
[24]	Schlesselman J. (1982): Case control studies: design, conduct, analysis. New York: Oxford Uni. Press, pp. 145-146.
[25]	Sulik G. (2014): Gender, Power, and Feminisms in Breast Cancer Advocacy: Lessons from the United States and Poland(USA) polanda; 5(2): 208-215.
[26]	Verma S. (2013): Trastuzumab Emtansine for HER2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer for the EMILIA Study Group. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:1783-1791
[27]	Zeinomar N., and Moslehi R. (2013): The effectiveness of a community-based breast cancer education intervention in the New York State Capital Region. J Cancer Educ.;28(3):466-73.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Doaa Gharieb Moustafa, Eman Shokry Abd-Allah, Nadia Mohamed Taha. (2015). Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students. American Journal of Nursing Science, 4(4), 159-165. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Doaa Gharieb Moustafa; Eman Shokry Abd-Allah; Nadia Mohamed Taha. Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students. Am. J. Nurs. Sci. 2015, 4(4), 159-165. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Doaa Gharieb Moustafa, Eman Shokry Abd-Allah, Nadia Mohamed Taha. Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students. Am J Nurs Sci. 2015;4(4):159-165. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13,
  author = {Doaa Gharieb Moustafa and Eman Shokry Abd-Allah and Nadia Mohamed Taha},
  title = {Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students},
  journal = {American Journal of Nursing Science},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {159-165},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajns.20150404.13},
  abstract = {Although evidence shows that women who correctly practice BSE monthly are more likely to detect a lump in the early stage, with early diagnosis and treatment yielding better survival, few women regularly perform BSE and many do not even know how to perform it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a health education intervention on “breast self-examination” regarding for knowledge, attitude, and practice among female students. Quasi-experimental study was carried out on 180 female student's sitting in the Faculty of Physical Education at Zagazig University and its affiliated hostel. The data collection tools included a self-administered questionnaire and an observation checklist to assess student’s performance of BSE before and after the intervention. The results showed that these students have deficient knowledge and low perceptions regarding breast cancer and BSE; although the majority had positive attitudes, their practice of BSE is very deficient. The educational intervention was effective in improving students’ knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practice. The intervention was a significant independent positive predictor of student's knowledge and practice scores, while the attitude score is modulated through the knowledge score. In conclusion, the university students at the Faculty of physical Education have deficient knowledge, low perceptions and inadequate practice regarding breast cancer and BSE. The educational intervention is effective in improving their knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practice. It is recommended that health education programs for university students, and the curriculum of the faculties of education should include some health-related issues. It is proposed to replicate this study using a randomized clinical trial design in order to confirm the findings and to provide a higher level of evidence.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students
AU  - Doaa Gharieb Moustafa
AU  - Eman Shokry Abd-Allah
AU  - Nadia Mohamed Taha
Y1  - 2015/06/29
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13
T2  - American Journal of Nursing Science
JF  - American Journal of Nursing Science
JO  - American Journal of Nursing Science
SP  - 159
EP  - 165
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5753
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13
AB  - Although evidence shows that women who correctly practice BSE monthly are more likely to detect a lump in the early stage, with early diagnosis and treatment yielding better survival, few women regularly perform BSE and many do not even know how to perform it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a health education intervention on “breast self-examination” regarding for knowledge, attitude, and practice among female students. Quasi-experimental study was carried out on 180 female student's sitting in the Faculty of Physical Education at Zagazig University and its affiliated hostel. The data collection tools included a self-administered questionnaire and an observation checklist to assess student’s performance of BSE before and after the intervention. The results showed that these students have deficient knowledge and low perceptions regarding breast cancer and BSE; although the majority had positive attitudes, their practice of BSE is very deficient. The educational intervention was effective in improving students’ knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practice. The intervention was a significant independent positive predictor of student's knowledge and practice scores, while the attitude score is modulated through the knowledge score. In conclusion, the university students at the Faculty of physical Education have deficient knowledge, low perceptions and inadequate practice regarding breast cancer and BSE. The educational intervention is effective in improving their knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practice. It is recommended that health education programs for university students, and the curriculum of the faculties of education should include some health-related issues. It is proposed to replicate this study using a randomized clinical trial design in order to confirm the findings and to provide a higher level of evidence.
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Doaa Gharieb Moustafa

Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Eman Shokry Abd-Allah

Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
Nadia Mohamed Taha

Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Doaa Gharieb Moustafa, Eman Shokry Abd-Allah, Nadia Mohamed Taha. (2015). Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students. American Journal of Nursing Science, 4(4), 159-165. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Doaa Gharieb Moustafa; Eman Shokry Abd-Allah; Nadia Mohamed Taha. Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students. Am. J. Nurs. Sci. 2015, 4(4), 159-165. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Doaa Gharieb Moustafa, Eman Shokry Abd-Allah, Nadia Mohamed Taha. Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students. Am J Nurs Sci. 2015;4(4):159-165. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13,
  author = {Doaa Gharieb Moustafa and Eman Shokry Abd-Allah and Nadia Mohamed Taha},
  title = {Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students},
  journal = {American Journal of Nursing Science},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {159-165},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajns.20150404.13},
  abstract = {Although evidence shows that women who correctly practice BSE monthly are more likely to detect a lump in the early stage, with early diagnosis and treatment yielding better survival, few women regularly perform BSE and many do not even know how to perform it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a health education intervention on “breast self-examination” regarding for knowledge, attitude, and practice among female students. Quasi-experimental study was carried out on 180 female student's sitting in the Faculty of Physical Education at Zagazig University and its affiliated hostel. The data collection tools included a self-administered questionnaire and an observation checklist to assess student’s performance of BSE before and after the intervention. The results showed that these students have deficient knowledge and low perceptions regarding breast cancer and BSE; although the majority had positive attitudes, their practice of BSE is very deficient. The educational intervention was effective in improving students’ knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practice. The intervention was a significant independent positive predictor of student's knowledge and practice scores, while the attitude score is modulated through the knowledge score. In conclusion, the university students at the Faculty of physical Education have deficient knowledge, low perceptions and inadequate practice regarding breast cancer and BSE. The educational intervention is effective in improving their knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practice. It is recommended that health education programs for university students, and the curriculum of the faculties of education should include some health-related issues. It is proposed to replicate this study using a randomized clinical trial design in order to confirm the findings and to provide a higher level of evidence.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of a Breast-Self Examination (BSE) Educational Intervention among Female University Students
AU  - Doaa Gharieb Moustafa
AU  - Eman Shokry Abd-Allah
AU  - Nadia Mohamed Taha
Y1  - 2015/06/29
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13
T2  - American Journal of Nursing Science
JF  - American Journal of Nursing Science
JO  - American Journal of Nursing Science
SP  - 159
EP  - 165
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5753
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20150404.13
AB  - Although evidence shows that women who correctly practice BSE monthly are more likely to detect a lump in the early stage, with early diagnosis and treatment yielding better survival, few women regularly perform BSE and many do not even know how to perform it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a health education intervention on “breast self-examination” regarding for knowledge, attitude, and practice among female students. Quasi-experimental study was carried out on 180 female student's sitting in the Faculty of Physical Education at Zagazig University and its affiliated hostel. The data collection tools included a self-administered questionnaire and an observation checklist to assess student’s performance of BSE before and after the intervention. The results showed that these students have deficient knowledge and low perceptions regarding breast cancer and BSE; although the majority had positive attitudes, their practice of BSE is very deficient. The educational intervention was effective in improving students’ knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practice. The intervention was a significant independent positive predictor of student's knowledge and practice scores, while the attitude score is modulated through the knowledge score. In conclusion, the university students at the Faculty of physical Education have deficient knowledge, low perceptions and inadequate practice regarding breast cancer and BSE. The educational intervention is effective in improving their knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practice. It is recommended that health education programs for university students, and the curriculum of the faculties of education should include some health-related issues. It is proposed to replicate this study using a randomized clinical trial design in order to confirm the findings and to provide a higher level of evidence.
VL  - 4
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download