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Juicing Alters Oxalates Contents in Commonly Consumed Leafy Vegetables in South West Nigeria

Received: 10 April 2014    Accepted: 4 May 2014    Published: 20 May 2014
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Abstract

Oxalic acid is present in most vegetables in varying quantity; its salts are formed as insoluble complexes at physiological pH with divalent cations, minerals and trace elements. The crystals of oxalates are associated with different pathological conditions including kidney stones. Sixteen vegetables obtained from four major markets in South West Nigeria were thoroughly mixed, grouped into two samples (fresh vegetables and juice extract) and four replicates for each sample were analysed. Oxalates content was analysed using standard laboratory methods. Oxalates content in fresh vegetables group vary; Amaranthus viridis has the highest and it is significantly (p<0.05) higher than others while Crassocephalum rubens has the least though, not significantly (p>0.05) different from Basella rubra, Amygdalina vernonia and Piper guineesis. Effect of juicing was notably significant in most of the vegetable when compared with their corresponding fresh vegetables. Telfairia occidentalis juice extracts had significantly (p<0.05) higher amount of oxalates than other juice samples, Crassocephalum rubens displayed the highest percentage increase compared with the corresponding fresh vegetable followed by Manihot esculenta while decrease was observed in three out the sixteen of the vegetables investigated and the highest percentage decrease was recorded in Talinum triangulare. The increased oxalate content observed in most of the vegetables analysed suggests the probable complications that may be associated with intake of certain vegetable juice. Hence, juicing must be used with caution. Thus, intake of such juice must be done with caution in people susceptible to oxalates intoxication.

Published in International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140303.18
Page(s) 183-186
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Juicing, Oxalates, Vegetable, Processing

References
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[5] R. Selvam andP. Kalaiselvi (2001). Studies on Calcium Oxalate Binding Proteins: Effect of Lipid Peroxidation. Nephron88:163–167.
[6] F. Shahidi, (1997). Antinutrients and Phytochemicals in Food;ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC.
[7] M. A. Ahmed Mazen, Dianzhong Zhang and R. Vincent Franceschi, (2003). Calcium oxalate formation in Lemna minor: physiological and ultrastructural aspects of high capacity calcium sequestration New Phytologist 161: 435–448.
[8] A. J. Ghio, V. L. Roggli, T. P. Kennedy, C. A. Piantadosi (2000). Calcium oxalate and iron accumulation in sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 17(2):140-50.
[9] L. Kenneth Korth, J. Sarah Doege, Sang-Hyuck Park, L. Fiona Goggin, Qin Wang, S. Karen Gomez, Guangjie Liu, Lingling Jia, and A. Paul Nakata (2006). Medicago truncatula Mutants Demonstrate the Role of Plant Calcium Oxalate Crystals as an Effective Defense against Chewing Insects. Plant Physiology 141: 188–195.
[10] E. L. Thurston (1976) Morphology, fine structure and ontogeny of the stinging emergence of Tragia ramosa and T. saxicola (Euphorbiaceae). Am J Bot 63: 710–718.
[11] M. L. Salinas, T. Ogura andL. Soffchi (2001). Irritant contact dermatitis caused by needle-like calcium oxalate crystals, raphides, in Agave tequilana among workers in tequila distilleries and agave plantations. Contact Dermatitis 44: 94–96.
[12] R. H. Whittaker (1970). The biochemical ecology of higher plants. In E Sondheimer, JB Simeone, eds, Chemical Ecology. Academic Press, London; 43–102.
[13] AOAC. (1999). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Official Methods of Analysis. Washington DC. Baker, C. J. L. (1952). The determination of oxalates in fresh plant material. Analyst, 77, 340
[14] G. Ayala-Cordero, T. Terrazas, L. López-Mata andC. Trejo (2006). Morpho-anatomical changes and photosynthetic metabolism of Stenocereus beneckei seedlings under soil water deficit. J Exp Bot. 57(12): 3165-74.
[15] S. Oluwamuyi Falade, A. F. Dare, O. Muibat Bello, O. Bolanle Osuntogun and R. A. Steve Adewusi (2004). Varietal Change in Proximate Composition and Effecf of Processing on the Ascorbic Acid Content of Some Nigerian Vegetables. Journal of Food Technology 2(2): 103 – 108.
[16] G. M. Volk, V. M. Lynch-Holm, T. A. Kostman, L. Goss, V. R. Franceschi (2002). The role of druse and raphide calcium oxalate crystals in tissue calcium regulation in Pistia stratiotes leaves. Plant Biology 4: 34–45.
[17] N. Bouropoulos, S. Weiner and L. Addadi (2001) Calcium oxalate crystals in tomato and tobacco plants: morphology and in vitro interactions of crystal-associated macromolecules. Chemistry (Easton) 7: 1881–1888.
[18] P.S. Negi and S. K. Roy (2003). Changes in beta-carotene and ascorbic acid content of fresh amaranth and fenugreek leaves during storage by low cost technique. Plant Foods Hum Nutr.;58(3):225-230.
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    Temitope K. Odufuwa, Adeleke K. Atunnise, Olumide David Olukanni, Bamidele Adewale Salau. (2014). Juicing Alters Oxalates Contents in Commonly Consumed Leafy Vegetables in South West Nigeria. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 3(3), 183-186. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140303.18

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    ACS Style

    Temitope K. Odufuwa; Adeleke K. Atunnise; Olumide David Olukanni; Bamidele Adewale Salau. Juicing Alters Oxalates Contents in Commonly Consumed Leafy Vegetables in South West Nigeria. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2014, 3(3), 183-186. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140303.18

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    AMA Style

    Temitope K. Odufuwa, Adeleke K. Atunnise, Olumide David Olukanni, Bamidele Adewale Salau. Juicing Alters Oxalates Contents in Commonly Consumed Leafy Vegetables in South West Nigeria. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2014;3(3):183-186. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140303.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140303.18,
      author = {Temitope K. Odufuwa and Adeleke K. Atunnise and Olumide David Olukanni and Bamidele Adewale Salau},
      title = {Juicing Alters Oxalates Contents in Commonly Consumed Leafy Vegetables in South West Nigeria},
      journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
      volume = {3},
      number = {3},
      pages = {183-186},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140303.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140303.18},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20140303.18},
      abstract = {Oxalic acid is present in most vegetables in varying quantity; its salts are formed as insoluble complexes at physiological pH with divalent cations, minerals and trace elements. The crystals of oxalates are associated with different pathological conditions including kidney stones. Sixteen vegetables obtained from four major markets in South West Nigeria were thoroughly mixed, grouped into two samples (fresh vegetables and juice extract) and four replicates for each sample were analysed. Oxalates content was analysed using standard laboratory methods. Oxalates content in fresh vegetables group vary; Amaranthus viridis has the highest and it is significantly (p0.05) different from Basella rubra, Amygdalina vernonia and Piper guineesis. Effect of juicing was notably significant in most of the vegetable when compared with their corresponding fresh vegetables. Telfairia occidentalis juice extracts had significantly (p<0.05) higher amount of oxalates than other juice samples, Crassocephalum rubens displayed the highest percentage increase compared with the corresponding fresh vegetable followed by Manihot esculenta while decrease was observed in three out the sixteen of the vegetables investigated and the highest percentage decrease was recorded in Talinum triangulare. The increased oxalate content observed in most of the vegetables analysed suggests the probable complications that may be associated with intake of certain vegetable juice. Hence, juicing must be used with caution. Thus, intake of such juice must be done with caution in people susceptible to oxalates intoxication.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Juicing Alters Oxalates Contents in Commonly Consumed Leafy Vegetables in South West Nigeria
    AU  - Temitope K. Odufuwa
    AU  - Adeleke K. Atunnise
    AU  - Olumide David Olukanni
    AU  - Bamidele Adewale Salau
    Y1  - 2014/05/20
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140303.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140303.18
    T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
    JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
    JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
    SP  - 183
    EP  - 186
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2327-2716
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140303.18
    AB  - Oxalic acid is present in most vegetables in varying quantity; its salts are formed as insoluble complexes at physiological pH with divalent cations, minerals and trace elements. The crystals of oxalates are associated with different pathological conditions including kidney stones. Sixteen vegetables obtained from four major markets in South West Nigeria were thoroughly mixed, grouped into two samples (fresh vegetables and juice extract) and four replicates for each sample were analysed. Oxalates content was analysed using standard laboratory methods. Oxalates content in fresh vegetables group vary; Amaranthus viridis has the highest and it is significantly (p0.05) different from Basella rubra, Amygdalina vernonia and Piper guineesis. Effect of juicing was notably significant in most of the vegetable when compared with their corresponding fresh vegetables. Telfairia occidentalis juice extracts had significantly (p<0.05) higher amount of oxalates than other juice samples, Crassocephalum rubens displayed the highest percentage increase compared with the corresponding fresh vegetable followed by Manihot esculenta while decrease was observed in three out the sixteen of the vegetables investigated and the highest percentage decrease was recorded in Talinum triangulare. The increased oxalate content observed in most of the vegetables analysed suggests the probable complications that may be associated with intake of certain vegetable juice. Hence, juicing must be used with caution. Thus, intake of such juice must be done with caution in people susceptible to oxalates intoxication.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Obafemi Awolowo, College of Health Sciences Olabisi Onabanjo, University Ogun State Nigeria

  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Obafemi Awolowo, College of Health Sciences Olabisi Onabanjo, University Ogun State Nigeria

  • Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Redeemer’s University, Km. 46 Lagos/Ibadan Expressway, Redemption City, Mowe, Ogun state, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Redeemer’s University, Km. 46 Lagos/Ibadan Expressway, Redemption City, Mowe, Ogun state, Nigeria

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