Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion

Jing Xu; Jiang Zheng; Lu Gao; Jijuan Cao

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13

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Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion

Jing Xu, Jiang Zheng, Lu Gao, Jijuan Cao

Published in International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 1)

Received: 12 March 2019 Accepted: 27 April 2019 Published: 23 May 2019

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Abstract

Objective: At present, Sampling standards and regulations for genetically modified organisms (GMO) are commonly based on theoretical calculations or computer simulations, and there is a lack of field data to validate these simulations. In view of this situation, we sampled agricultural products for GMO content analysis, and investigated the influence of various factors on the accuracy of the results. We have prepared a three-part series and in this part focused on the process from analytical sample to test portions. Method: Using non-transgenic maize as matrix, 12 lines of transgenic maize were used to produce standard analytical samples. After systematic sampling, the GMO contents of these samples were randomly tested, and their single relative standard deviations (RSD) were calculated as a measure of total RSD (single analysis) per sample. Results: By comparing the RSDs of various sampling methods, it was found that the results of 12 strains were basically consistent, and the data of MON810 were listed as a representative. The parameters affecting the standard deviation included the content (a_AS), particle size (d_AS), test portion mass (M_TP) and the number of increments (n_IT). Total analytical RSD could be reduced by decreasing particle size, and increasing test portion mass or the number of increments. Based on current laboratory testing conditions and current used kits, for high content analytical sample(>0.01%), more than 2 duplicate test portions with at least -100mesh particle size and 200mg mass were recommended. Conclusion: Based on the results, the recommended values of particle size, test portion mass and the number of increments for the process from analytical sample to test portions were given. These factors were independent on species or strains of the product, so the results were suitable to all species and strains, provided that the solid particles could be crushed to required particle size.

Published in	International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13
Page(s)	23-29
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), Sampling, Agricultural Products

References

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[8]	K. R. Emslie, L. Whaites, K. R. Griffiths et al, “Sampling plan and test protocol for the semiquantitative detection of genetically modified canola（Brassica napus）seed in bulk canola seed,” J. Agric Food Chem, vol.11, pp.4414–4421, 2007.
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[18]	C. Brera, E. Donnarumma, R. Onori, “Evaluation of sampling criteria for the detection of gm soybeans in bulk,” Italian Journal of Food Science, vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 177-185, 2005.
[19]	K. R. Emslie, L. Whaites, K. R. Griffiths, “Sampling plan and test protocol for the semiquantitative detection of genetically modified canola (Brassica napus) seed in bulk canola seed,” J of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol, 55, No. 11, pp. 4414-4421, 2007.
[20]	P. Minkkinen, K. H. Esbensen, and C. Paoletti, “Representative sampling of large kernel lots II. Application to soybean sampling for GMO control,” Trends in Analytical Chemistry, vol. 32, pp. 165–177, 2012.
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APA Style

Jing Xu, Jiang Zheng, Lu Gao, Jijuan Cao. (2019). Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 8(1), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13

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ACS Style

Jing Xu; Jiang Zheng; Lu Gao; Jijuan Cao. Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2019, 8(1), 23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13

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AMA Style

Jing Xu, Jiang Zheng, Lu Gao, Jijuan Cao. Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2019;8(1):23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13,
  author = {Jing Xu and Jiang Zheng and Lu Gao and Jijuan Cao},
  title = {Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {23-29},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20190801.13},
  abstract = {Objective: At present, Sampling standards and regulations for genetically modified organisms (GMO) are commonly based on theoretical calculations or computer simulations, and there is a lack of field data to validate these simulations. In view of this situation, we sampled agricultural products for GMO content analysis, and investigated the influence of various factors on the accuracy of the results. We have prepared a three-part series and in this part focused on the process from analytical sample to test portions. Method: Using non-transgenic maize as matrix, 12 lines of transgenic maize were used to produce standard analytical samples. After systematic sampling, the GMO contents of these samples were randomly tested, and their single relative standard deviations (RSD) were calculated as a measure of total RSD (single analysis) per sample. Results: By comparing the RSDs of various sampling methods, it was found that the results of 12 strains were basically consistent, and the data of MON810 were listed as a representative. The parameters affecting the standard deviation included the content (aAS), particle size (dAS), test portion mass (MTP) and the number of increments (nIT). Total analytical RSD could be reduced by decreasing particle size, and increasing test portion mass or the number of increments. Based on current laboratory testing conditions and current used kits, for high content analytical sample(>0.01%), more than 2 duplicate test portions with at least -100mesh particle size and 200mg mass were recommended. Conclusion: Based on the results, the recommended values of particle size, test portion mass and the number of increments for the process from analytical sample to test portions were given. These factors were independent on species or strains of the product, so the results were suitable to all species and strains, provided that the solid particles could be crushed to required particle size.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion
AU  - Jing Xu
AU  - Jiang Zheng
AU  - Lu Gao
AU  - Jijuan Cao
Y1  - 2019/05/23
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13
T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP  - 23
EP  - 29
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2716
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13
AB  - Objective: At present, Sampling standards and regulations for genetically modified organisms (GMO) are commonly based on theoretical calculations or computer simulations, and there is a lack of field data to validate these simulations. In view of this situation, we sampled agricultural products for GMO content analysis, and investigated the influence of various factors on the accuracy of the results. We have prepared a three-part series and in this part focused on the process from analytical sample to test portions. Method: Using non-transgenic maize as matrix, 12 lines of transgenic maize were used to produce standard analytical samples. After systematic sampling, the GMO contents of these samples were randomly tested, and their single relative standard deviations (RSD) were calculated as a measure of total RSD (single analysis) per sample. Results: By comparing the RSDs of various sampling methods, it was found that the results of 12 strains were basically consistent, and the data of MON810 were listed as a representative. The parameters affecting the standard deviation included the content (aAS), particle size (dAS), test portion mass (MTP) and the number of increments (nIT). Total analytical RSD could be reduced by decreasing particle size, and increasing test portion mass or the number of increments. Based on current laboratory testing conditions and current used kits, for high content analytical sample(>0.01%), more than 2 duplicate test portions with at least -100mesh particle size and 200mg mass were recommended. Conclusion: Based on the results, the recommended values of particle size, test portion mass and the number of increments for the process from analytical sample to test portions were given. These factors were independent on species or strains of the product, so the results were suitable to all species and strains, provided that the solid particles could be crushed to required particle size.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Jing Xu

Inspection and Quarantine Technology Centre of China Customs, Dalian, China
Jiang Zheng

Inspection and Quarantine Technology Centre of China Customs, Dalian, China
Lu Gao

Inspection and Quarantine Technology Centre of China Customs, Dalian, China
Jijuan Cao

Inspection and Quarantine Technology Centre of China Customs, Dalian, China

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APA Style

Jing Xu, Jiang Zheng, Lu Gao, Jijuan Cao. (2019). Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 8(1), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13

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ACS Style

Jing Xu; Jiang Zheng; Lu Gao; Jijuan Cao. Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2019, 8(1), 23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13

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AMA Style

Jing Xu, Jiang Zheng, Lu Gao, Jijuan Cao. Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2019;8(1):23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13,
  author = {Jing Xu and Jiang Zheng and Lu Gao and Jijuan Cao},
  title = {Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion},
  journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {23-29},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20190801.13},
  abstract = {Objective: At present, Sampling standards and regulations for genetically modified organisms (GMO) are commonly based on theoretical calculations or computer simulations, and there is a lack of field data to validate these simulations. In view of this situation, we sampled agricultural products for GMO content analysis, and investigated the influence of various factors on the accuracy of the results. We have prepared a three-part series and in this part focused on the process from analytical sample to test portions. Method: Using non-transgenic maize as matrix, 12 lines of transgenic maize were used to produce standard analytical samples. After systematic sampling, the GMO contents of these samples were randomly tested, and their single relative standard deviations (RSD) were calculated as a measure of total RSD (single analysis) per sample. Results: By comparing the RSDs of various sampling methods, it was found that the results of 12 strains were basically consistent, and the data of MON810 were listed as a representative. The parameters affecting the standard deviation included the content (aAS), particle size (dAS), test portion mass (MTP) and the number of increments (nIT). Total analytical RSD could be reduced by decreasing particle size, and increasing test portion mass or the number of increments. Based on current laboratory testing conditions and current used kits, for high content analytical sample(>0.01%), more than 2 duplicate test portions with at least -100mesh particle size and 200mg mass were recommended. Conclusion: Based on the results, the recommended values of particle size, test portion mass and the number of increments for the process from analytical sample to test portions were given. These factors were independent on species or strains of the product, so the results were suitable to all species and strains, provided that the solid particles could be crushed to required particle size.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sampling for Genetically Modified Organisms Content Analysisin Agricultural Products: From Analytical Sample to Test Portion
AU  - Jing Xu
AU  - Jiang Zheng
AU  - Lu Gao
AU  - Jijuan Cao
Y1  - 2019/05/23
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13
T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
SP  - 23
EP  - 29
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2716
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20190801.13
AB  - Objective: At present, Sampling standards and regulations for genetically modified organisms (GMO) are commonly based on theoretical calculations or computer simulations, and there is a lack of field data to validate these simulations. In view of this situation, we sampled agricultural products for GMO content analysis, and investigated the influence of various factors on the accuracy of the results. We have prepared a three-part series and in this part focused on the process from analytical sample to test portions. Method: Using non-transgenic maize as matrix, 12 lines of transgenic maize were used to produce standard analytical samples. After systematic sampling, the GMO contents of these samples were randomly tested, and their single relative standard deviations (RSD) were calculated as a measure of total RSD (single analysis) per sample. Results: By comparing the RSDs of various sampling methods, it was found that the results of 12 strains were basically consistent, and the data of MON810 were listed as a representative. The parameters affecting the standard deviation included the content (aAS), particle size (dAS), test portion mass (MTP) and the number of increments (nIT). Total analytical RSD could be reduced by decreasing particle size, and increasing test portion mass or the number of increments. Based on current laboratory testing conditions and current used kits, for high content analytical sample(>0.01%), more than 2 duplicate test portions with at least -100mesh particle size and 200mg mass were recommended. Conclusion: Based on the results, the recommended values of particle size, test portion mass and the number of increments for the process from analytical sample to test portions were given. These factors were independent on species or strains of the product, so the results were suitable to all species and strains, provided that the solid particles could be crushed to required particle size.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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