International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences

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Estimation of L-lysine Requirement by Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Method Using Random Effects Model

Received: 07 April 2020    Accepted: 22 April 2020    Published: 14 May 2020
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Abstract

In recent years, it has been suggested that the method for determining the requirements for indispensable (essential) amino acids be changed from the nitrogen balance method to the tracer methods. In particular, the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) method has been implemented. Although the requirements for indispensable amino acids have been reported in several independent trials, no reported study has statistically integrated these data. In addition, the requirement as obtained from the IAAO method reported to date is the estimated average requirement (EAR), which will be met nutrient requirements in 50% of population only; thus, the risk of deficiency cannot be ruled out from a nutritional perspective. In this study, we statistically synthesized the data of multiple required amounts of lysine obtained by the IAAO method and attempted to accurately estimate the EAR. Further, we estimated the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) value from the obtained estimated EAR value. Analysis using a random effects model estimated that the EAR of lysine in healthy adults was approximately 37 mg/kg (95% CI: 31.2–42.5). In addition, the RDA was estimated to be about 46 mg/kg. These values are higher than the previously reported value of 30 mg/kg.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20200902.14
Published in International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 2, March 2020)
Page(s) 63-68
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

L-lysine, Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation, Estimated Average Requirement, Recommended Dietary Allowance

References
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[5] G. A. Zello, P. B. Pencharz, and R. O. Ball, “Dietary lysine requirement of young adult males determined by oxidation of L-[1-13C] phenylalanine,” Am. J. Physiol., vol. 264, pp. E677–685, 1993.
[6] A. M. Duncan, R. O. Ball, and P. B. Pencharz, “Lysine requirement of adult males is not affected by decreasing dietary protein,” Am. J. Clin. Nutr., vol. 64, pp. 718–725, 1996.
[7] W. Kriengsinyos, L. J. Wykes, R. O. Ball, and P. B. Pencharz, “Oral and intravenous tracer protocols of the indicator amino acid oxidation method provide the same estimate of the lysine requirement in healthy men,” J. Nutr., vol. 132, pp. 2251–2257, 2002.
[8] W. Kriengsinyos, L. J. Wykes, L. A. Goonewardene, R. O. Ball, and P. B. Pencharz, “Phase of menstrual cycle affects lysine requirement in healthy women,” Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., vol. 287, pp. E489–496, 2004.
[9] M. Payne, T. Stephens, K. Lim, R. O. Ball, P. B. Pencharz, and R. Elango, “Lysine requirements of healthy pregnant women are higher during late stages of gestation compared to early gestation,” J. Nutr., vol. 148, pp. 94–99, 2018.
[10] R. R. Pillai, R. Elango, S. Muthayya, R. O. Ball, A. V. Kurpad, and P. B. Pencharz, “Lysine requirement of healthy, school-aged Indian children determined by the indicator amino acid oxidation technique,” J. Nutr., vol. 140, pp. 54–59, 2010.
[11] A. V. Kurpad, M. M. Regan, T. Raj, A. El-Khoury, R. Kuriyan, M. Vaz, D. Chandakudlu, V. G. Venkataswamy, S. Borgonha, and V. R. Young, “Lysine requirements of healthy adult Indian subjects receiving long-term feeding, measured with a 24-h indicator amino acid oxidation and balance technique,” Am. J. Clin. Nutr., vol. 76, pp. 404–412, 2002.
[12] A. V. Kurpad, T. Raj, A. El-Khoury, L. Beaumier, R. Kuriyan, A. Srivatsa, S. Borgonha, A. Selvaraj, M. M. Regan, and V. R. Young, “Lysine requirements of healthy adult Indian subjects, measured by an indicator amino acid balance technique,” Am. J. Clin. Nutr., vol. 73, pp. 900–907, 2001.
[13] K. I. Kim, I. McMillan, and H. S. Bayley, “Determination of amino acid requirements of young pigs using an indicator amino acid,” Br. J. Nutr., 50, 369–382, 1983.
[14] R. O. Ball and H. S. Bayley, “Tryptophan requirement of the 2.5-kg piglet determined by the oxidation of an indicator amino acid,” J. Nutr., vol. 114, pp. 1741–1746, 1984.
[15] P. B. Pencharz and R. O. Ball, “Different approaches to define individual amino acid requirements,” Annu. Rev. Nutr., vol. 23, pp. 101–116, 2003.
[16] G. Seber and A. Lee, Linear Regression Analysis, 2nd ed., New York: Wiley-interscience, 2003.
[17] R. DerSimonian and N. Laird, “Meta-analysis in clinical trials,” Control Clin. Trials, vol. 7, pp. 177–188, 1986.
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[19] R. R. Pillai, R. Elango, R. O. Ball, A. V. Kurpad, and P. B. Pencharz, “Lysine requirements of moderately undernourished school-aged Indian children are reduced by treatment for intestinal parasites as measured by the indicator amino acid oxidation technique,” J. Nutr., vol. 145, pp. 954–959, 2015.
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Author Information
  • Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan

  • Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan

  • Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan

  • Department of Pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan

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    Kohsuke Hayamizu, Keisuke Matsumoto, Nobuo Izumo, Makoto Nakano. (2020). Estimation of L-lysine Requirement by Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Method Using Random Effects Model. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 9(2), 63-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20200902.14

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    ACS Style

    Kohsuke Hayamizu; Keisuke Matsumoto; Nobuo Izumo; Makoto Nakano. Estimation of L-lysine Requirement by Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Method Using Random Effects Model. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2020, 9(2), 63-68. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20200902.14

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    AMA Style

    Kohsuke Hayamizu, Keisuke Matsumoto, Nobuo Izumo, Makoto Nakano. Estimation of L-lysine Requirement by Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Method Using Random Effects Model. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2020;9(2):63-68. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20200902.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20200902.14,
      author = {Kohsuke Hayamizu and Keisuke Matsumoto and Nobuo Izumo and Makoto Nakano},
      title = {Estimation of L-lysine Requirement by Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Method Using Random Effects Model},
      journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
      volume = {9},
      number = {2},
      pages = {63-68},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20200902.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20200902.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20200902.14},
      abstract = {In recent years, it has been suggested that the method for determining the requirements for indispensable (essential) amino acids be changed from the nitrogen balance method to the tracer methods. In particular, the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) method has been implemented. Although the requirements for indispensable amino acids have been reported in several independent trials, no reported study has statistically integrated these data. In addition, the requirement as obtained from the IAAO method reported to date is the estimated average requirement (EAR), which will be met nutrient requirements in 50% of population only; thus, the risk of deficiency cannot be ruled out from a nutritional perspective. In this study, we statistically synthesized the data of multiple required amounts of lysine obtained by the IAAO method and attempted to accurately estimate the EAR. Further, we estimated the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) value from the obtained estimated EAR value. Analysis using a random effects model estimated that the EAR of lysine in healthy adults was approximately 37 mg/kg (95% CI: 31.2–42.5). In addition, the RDA was estimated to be about 46 mg/kg. These values are higher than the previously reported value of 30 mg/kg.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Estimation of L-lysine Requirement by Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Method Using Random Effects Model
    AU  - Kohsuke Hayamizu
    AU  - Keisuke Matsumoto
    AU  - Nobuo Izumo
    AU  - Makoto Nakano
    Y1  - 2020/05/14
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20200902.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20200902.14
    T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
    JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
    JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
    SP  - 63
    EP  - 68
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2327-2716
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20200902.14
    AB  - In recent years, it has been suggested that the method for determining the requirements for indispensable (essential) amino acids be changed from the nitrogen balance method to the tracer methods. In particular, the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) method has been implemented. Although the requirements for indispensable amino acids have been reported in several independent trials, no reported study has statistically integrated these data. In addition, the requirement as obtained from the IAAO method reported to date is the estimated average requirement (EAR), which will be met nutrient requirements in 50% of population only; thus, the risk of deficiency cannot be ruled out from a nutritional perspective. In this study, we statistically synthesized the data of multiple required amounts of lysine obtained by the IAAO method and attempted to accurately estimate the EAR. Further, we estimated the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) value from the obtained estimated EAR value. Analysis using a random effects model estimated that the EAR of lysine in healthy adults was approximately 37 mg/kg (95% CI: 31.2–42.5). In addition, the RDA was estimated to be about 46 mg/kg. These values are higher than the previously reported value of 30 mg/kg.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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