International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences

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Arabic Coffee with Two Doses of Cardamom: Effects on Health Biomarkers in Healthy Women

Received: 12 September 2013    Accepted:     Published: 20 October 2013
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Abstract

Background: Arabic coffee is a form of boiled unfiltered coffee rich in diterpenes, components shown to raise cholesterol. Cardamom, a component of Arabic coffee, has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties. This study investigates the effects of daily consumption of Arabic coffee with two different doses of cardamom on blood pressure, lipids, heart, and liver function biomarkers. Materials and Methods: Healthy adult females (n=36) were divided in three groups. Each was given daily 500 ml Arabic coffee, either with no cardamom (3:0, Control), or with one proportion of cardamom (3:1, ACLC), or with two proportions of cardamom (3:2, ACHC) 5 days/week, for a period of 4 weeks. Fasting blood was withdrawn at baseline, and end of intervention. Serum was analyzed for lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), heart, and liver enzymes. Blood pressure was measured at the beginning and end of intervention. Results: TC was elevated in ACLC group, while TC and LDL-C increased in ACHC group. GGT significantly decreased in both groups. Coffee consumption with both cardamom doses showed no differences in blood pressure, lipids, heart and liver enzymes, or CRP compared to non-cardamom Arabic coffee. Conclusion: Daily consumption of 500 ml of Arabic coffee with regular or high doses of cardamom might be a risk factor for CVD due to elevation of TC and LDL-C especially with the high cardamom dose, despite its nil effect on blood pressure and inflammation, and beneficial effect on liver GGT enzyme.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.13
Published in International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013)
Page(s) 280-286
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Arabic Coffee, Cardamom, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular, Inflammation

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Food and Nutrition, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

  • Department of Food and Nutrition, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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  • APA Style

    Maha M Badkook, Randa M Shrourou. (2013). Arabic Coffee with Two Doses of Cardamom: Effects on Health Biomarkers in Healthy Women. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2(6), 280-286. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.13

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    Maha M Badkook; Randa M Shrourou. Arabic Coffee with Two Doses of Cardamom: Effects on Health Biomarkers in Healthy Women. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2013, 2(6), 280-286. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.13

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    AMA Style

    Maha M Badkook, Randa M Shrourou. Arabic Coffee with Two Doses of Cardamom: Effects on Health Biomarkers in Healthy Women. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2013;2(6):280-286. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.13,
      author = {Maha M Badkook and Randa M Shrourou},
      title = {Arabic Coffee with Two Doses of Cardamom: Effects on Health Biomarkers in Healthy Women},
      journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
      volume = {2},
      number = {6},
      pages = {280-286},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.13},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20130206.13},
      abstract = {Background: Arabic coffee is a form of boiled unfiltered coffee rich in diterpenes, components shown to raise cholesterol. Cardamom, a component of Arabic coffee, has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties. This study investigates the effects of daily consumption of Arabic coffee with two different doses of cardamom on blood pressure, lipids, heart, and liver function biomarkers. Materials and Methods:  Healthy adult females (n=36) were divided in three groups. Each was given daily 500 ml Arabic coffee, either with no cardamom (3:0, Control), or with one proportion of cardamom (3:1, ACLC), or with two proportions of cardamom (3:2, ACHC) 5 days/week, for a period of 4 weeks. Fasting blood was withdrawn at baseline, and end of intervention. Serum was analyzed for lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), heart, and liver enzymes. Blood pressure was measured at the beginning and end of intervention. Results: TC was elevated in ACLC group, while TC and LDL-C increased in ACHC group. GGT significantly decreased in both groups. Coffee consumption with both cardamom doses showed no differences in blood pressure, lipids, heart and liver enzymes, or CRP compared to non-cardamom Arabic coffee. Conclusion:  Daily consumption of 500 ml of Arabic coffee with regular or high doses of cardamom might be a risk factor for CVD due to elevation of TC and LDL-C especially with the high cardamom dose, despite its nil effect on blood pressure and inflammation, and beneficial effect on liver GGT enzyme.},
     year = {2013}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Arabic Coffee with Two Doses of Cardamom: Effects on Health Biomarkers in Healthy Women
    AU  - Maha M Badkook
    AU  - Randa M Shrourou
    Y1  - 2013/10/20
    PY  - 2013
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.13
    T2  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
    JF  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
    JO  - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
    SP  - 280
    EP  - 286
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2327-2716
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.13
    AB  - Background: Arabic coffee is a form of boiled unfiltered coffee rich in diterpenes, components shown to raise cholesterol. Cardamom, a component of Arabic coffee, has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties. This study investigates the effects of daily consumption of Arabic coffee with two different doses of cardamom on blood pressure, lipids, heart, and liver function biomarkers. Materials and Methods:  Healthy adult females (n=36) were divided in three groups. Each was given daily 500 ml Arabic coffee, either with no cardamom (3:0, Control), or with one proportion of cardamom (3:1, ACLC), or with two proportions of cardamom (3:2, ACHC) 5 days/week, for a period of 4 weeks. Fasting blood was withdrawn at baseline, and end of intervention. Serum was analyzed for lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), heart, and liver enzymes. Blood pressure was measured at the beginning and end of intervention. Results: TC was elevated in ACLC group, while TC and LDL-C increased in ACHC group. GGT significantly decreased in both groups. Coffee consumption with both cardamom doses showed no differences in blood pressure, lipids, heart and liver enzymes, or CRP compared to non-cardamom Arabic coffee. Conclusion:  Daily consumption of 500 ml of Arabic coffee with regular or high doses of cardamom might be a risk factor for CVD due to elevation of TC and LDL-C especially with the high cardamom dose, despite its nil effect on blood pressure and inflammation, and beneficial effect on liver GGT enzyme.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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