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Effectiveness of different sanitizers in inactivating E. coli O157:H7 in Tomato and Cucumber

Received: 3 December 2014    Accepted:     Published: 29 January 2015
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Abstract

Fresh produce is popular worldwide because it is recognized as an important source of nutrients, vitamins and fiber for humans. However, in the last two decades outbreaks of food borne illness and cases associated with fresh produce have increased significantly. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of acidic electrolyzed water (EO) and alkaline water (AlcO), 200-ppm chlorine water, 3% H2O2 and/or sterile distilled water wash in reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 on the surface of dip-inoculated tomato and cucumber. Inoculated sample (tomato, cucumber) were dipped in 200 ml of electrolyzed acidic or alkali water, or 200 ppm chlorine water, or 3% H2O2 and/or sterile distilled water and hand rubbed for 90 seconds followed by second wash with sterile distilled water for 90 seconds to minimize the residual effect. Approximately 2.0 log CFU/g reduction was observed when washed with acidic electrolyzed water (EO) and alkaline water (AlcO). On the other hand, approximately 3.0-4.0 log CFU/g reduction was observed while washing with chlorine water and 3% H2O2. Washing with distilled water found ineffective in reducing the pathogen. Prevalence of total microbial population, coliforms, Salmonella enteriditis, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica was also observed in non-spiked samples (tomato, cucumber). It was found that total microbial population, coliform bacteria and other pathogens varied among different samples depending on the location and type of samples. However, no Salmonella spp., were found in the tested samples. The results revealed that 3% H2O2 or 200 ppm chlorine water gave better reduction than that of acidic electrolyzed water and alkali water.

Published in Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 1-2)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Processing and Food Quality

DOI 10.11648/j.jfns.s.2015030102.21
Page(s) 60-64
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Fresh Produce, Sanitizers, E. coli O157:H7, and Electrolyzed Water

References
[1] Abdul-Raouf UM, Beuchat LR, Ammar MS. 1993. Survival and growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on salad vegetables. Appl Environ Microbiol 59(7):1999-2006.
[2] Arumugaswami RK, Ali GRR, Abdul-Hamid SNB. 1994. Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in foods in Malaysia. Int J Food Microbiol 23:117-21
[3] Al-Hindawi N, Rished R. 1979. Presence and distribution of Salmonella species in some local foods from Baghdad City, Iraq. J Food Prot 42(11):877-80.
[4] Economic Research Service (ERS) U. S. Department of Agriculture. (2007). Food availability data system. http://www.ers.usda.gov/data/foodconsumption/FoodAvailSpreadsheets.htm viewed November 19, 2007
[5] Mahovic, M., Sargent, S. A., & Bartz, J. A. (2005). Identifying and controlling postharvest tomato diseases in florida. University of Florida Institute, of Food and Agricultural Sciences. (UF/IFAS), Doc. HS 866. (http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/HS131).
[6] Allende, A., Aguayo, E., & Artes, F. (2004). Microbial and sensory quality of commercial fresh processed red lettuce throughout the production chain and shelf life. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 91,109–117
[7] Beuchat, L. R. (1998). Surface decontamination of fruits and vegetables eaten raw: A review. Food Safety Unit, World Health Organization, WHO/FSF/FOS/98.2.
[8] Beuchat, L. R., Adler, N. B., and Lang, M. M. (2004). Efficacy of chlorine and peroxyacetic acid sanitizer in killing Listeria monocytogenes on iceberg and Romaine lettuce using simulated commercial processing conditions. J. Food Prot. 67, 1238–1242.
[9] D’Lima, C. B. and Linton, R. H. (2002). Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes on lettuce by gaseous and aqueous chlorine dioxide gas and chlorinated water. Abstract 15D-4. IFT 2002 Annual Meeting and Food Expo, Anaheim, CA
[10] Annous, B. A., Sapers, G. M., Mattrazzo, A. M. et al. (2001). Efficacy of washing with a commercial flat-bed brush washer, using conventional and experimental washing agents, in reducing populations of Escherichia coli on artificially inoculated apples. J. Food Prot. 64, 159–163
[11] Lin, C.-M., Moon, S. S., Doyle, M. P. et al. (2002). Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica Serotype Enteritidis, and Listeria monocytogenes by hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid and by hydrogen peroxide with mild heat. J. Food Prot. 65, 1215–1220.
[12] Inatsu, Y., Bari, M. L., and Kawamoto, S. (2007). Application of acidified sodium chlorite prewashing treatment to improve the food hygiene of lightly fermented vegetables. JARQ 41, 17–23.
[13] Rahman, S.M.E., et al., Effectiveness of low concentration electrolyzed water to inactivate foodborne pathogens under different environmental conditions, International Journal of Food Microbiology (2010), doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.03.020
[14] Haq M.I Sugiyama J. Isobe S. Applications of Electrolyzed Water in Agriculture & Food Industries (2005). Food Sci. Technol. Res.,11(2), 135-150
[15] Koseki. S, Yoshida. K, Isobe. S, Itoh. K. 2001. Decontamination of Lettuce Using Acidic Electrolized Water. Journal of Food Protection,Vol.64, No.5, , pages 652-658
[16] Paola Casadiego Laíd, Rocío Cuartas Vivian, Marcela Mercado, Milciades Díaz, Ana Karina Carrascal. Effectiveness of electrolyzed oxidizing water for inactivating Listeria monocytogenes in lettuce Universitas Scientiarum, vol. 10, núm. 1, 2005, pp. 97-108
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    Zohirul Islam, Sabrina Sultana, M. Majibur Rahman, Sabita R. Rahman, Md. Latiful Bari. (2015). Effectiveness of different sanitizers in inactivating E. coli O157:H7 in Tomato and Cucumber. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 3(1-2), 60-64. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.s.2015030102.21

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    ACS Style

    Zohirul Islam; Sabrina Sultana; M. Majibur Rahman; Sabita R. Rahman; Md. Latiful Bari. Effectiveness of different sanitizers in inactivating E. coli O157:H7 in Tomato and Cucumber. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2015, 3(1-2), 60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.s.2015030102.21

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    AMA Style

    Zohirul Islam, Sabrina Sultana, M. Majibur Rahman, Sabita R. Rahman, Md. Latiful Bari. Effectiveness of different sanitizers in inactivating E. coli O157:H7 in Tomato and Cucumber. J Food Nutr Sci. 2015;3(1-2):60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.s.2015030102.21

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jfns.s.2015030102.21,
      author = {Zohirul Islam and Sabrina Sultana and M. Majibur Rahman and Sabita R. Rahman and Md. Latiful Bari},
      title = {Effectiveness of different sanitizers in inactivating E. coli O157:H7 in Tomato and Cucumber},
      journal = {Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences},
      volume = {3},
      number = {1-2},
      pages = {60-64},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jfns.s.2015030102.21},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.s.2015030102.21},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jfns.s.2015030102.21},
      abstract = {Fresh produce is popular worldwide because it is recognized as an important source of nutrients, vitamins and fiber for humans. However, in the last two decades outbreaks of food borne illness and cases associated with fresh produce have increased significantly. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of acidic electrolyzed water (EO) and alkaline water (AlcO), 200-ppm chlorine water, 3% H2O2 and/or sterile distilled water wash in reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 on the surface of dip-inoculated tomato and cucumber. Inoculated sample (tomato, cucumber) were dipped in 200 ml of electrolyzed acidic or alkali water, or 200 ppm chlorine water, or 3% H2O2 and/or sterile distilled water and hand rubbed for 90 seconds followed by second wash with sterile distilled water for 90 seconds to minimize the residual effect. Approximately 2.0 log CFU/g reduction was observed when washed with acidic electrolyzed water (EO) and alkaline water (AlcO). On the other hand, approximately 3.0-4.0 log CFU/g reduction was observed while washing with chlorine water and 3% H2O2. Washing with distilled water found ineffective in reducing the pathogen. Prevalence of total microbial population, coliforms, Salmonella enteriditis, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica was also observed in non-spiked samples (tomato, cucumber). It was found that total microbial population, coliform bacteria and other pathogens varied among different samples depending on the location and type of samples. However, no Salmonella spp., were found in the tested samples. The results revealed that 3% H2O2 or 200 ppm chlorine water gave better reduction than that of acidic electrolyzed water and alkali water.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effectiveness of different sanitizers in inactivating E. coli O157:H7 in Tomato and Cucumber
    AU  - Zohirul Islam
    AU  - Sabrina Sultana
    AU  - M. Majibur Rahman
    AU  - Sabita R. Rahman
    AU  - Md. Latiful Bari
    Y1  - 2015/01/29
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.s.2015030102.21
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jfns.s.2015030102.21
    T2  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
    JF  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
    JO  - Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
    SP  - 60
    EP  - 64
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7293
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.s.2015030102.21
    AB  - Fresh produce is popular worldwide because it is recognized as an important source of nutrients, vitamins and fiber for humans. However, in the last two decades outbreaks of food borne illness and cases associated with fresh produce have increased significantly. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of acidic electrolyzed water (EO) and alkaline water (AlcO), 200-ppm chlorine water, 3% H2O2 and/or sterile distilled water wash in reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7 on the surface of dip-inoculated tomato and cucumber. Inoculated sample (tomato, cucumber) were dipped in 200 ml of electrolyzed acidic or alkali water, or 200 ppm chlorine water, or 3% H2O2 and/or sterile distilled water and hand rubbed for 90 seconds followed by second wash with sterile distilled water for 90 seconds to minimize the residual effect. Approximately 2.0 log CFU/g reduction was observed when washed with acidic electrolyzed water (EO) and alkaline water (AlcO). On the other hand, approximately 3.0-4.0 log CFU/g reduction was observed while washing with chlorine water and 3% H2O2. Washing with distilled water found ineffective in reducing the pathogen. Prevalence of total microbial population, coliforms, Salmonella enteriditis, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica was also observed in non-spiked samples (tomato, cucumber). It was found that total microbial population, coliform bacteria and other pathogens varied among different samples depending on the location and type of samples. However, no Salmonella spp., were found in the tested samples. The results revealed that 3% H2O2 or 200 ppm chlorine water gave better reduction than that of acidic electrolyzed water and alkali water.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 1-2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

  • Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

  • Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

  • Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

  • Center for Advanced Research in Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

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