Cancer Research Journal

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New Targets in Advanced Thyroid Cancer Refractory Iodine

Received: 24 September 2018    Accepted: 12 October 2018    Published: 22 April 2019
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Abstract

The majority of deaths due to thyroid cancer occur in patients with advanced DTC refractory to radioactive iodine. The spectacular advances in molecular medicine of recent years have opened new therapeutic possibilities. Currently, there is general agreement that treatment with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) should only be considered in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma refractory to radioactive iodine, with progressive and / or symptomatic metastatic disease that can not otherwise be treated locally. Most of these "new molecules" are multichannel inhibitors with varied action, which interact on different proteins such as RET, BRAF, cKIT, MET, EGFR, MAPK, PDGFR, etc. In addition, they have the additional advantage that they markedly prevent angiogenesis by acting on VEGFR 1, 2, and 3. TKI are associated with progression-free survival but not curative. Also, causes adverse effects that can affect the quality of life.The prolongation of progression-free survival has been demonstrated with sorafenib and lenvatinib compared with placebo in two phase III trials. These two drugs have been approved by the FDA and the European Medicines Agency for use in patients refractory to radioactive iodine with metastatic disease. Based on the Phase II Trials there are other Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) available such as sunitinib, axitinib or pazopanib that can produce some kind of clinical benefit and therefore need further investigation.

DOI 10.11648/j.crj.20190702.12
Published in Cancer Research Journal (Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2019)
Page(s) 39-44
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Target, Cancer, Thyroid

References
[1] Eizaguirrea Garcilaso Riesco, Galofré Juan Carlos, Grande Enrique et al., Spanish Consensus for the management of patients with advanced radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer, Endocrinología y Nutrición, Elsevier 2016; 63 (4):e17- e24.
[2] Galofré Juan Carlos, Gómez-Sáez José Manuel, Alvarez Escola Cristina et al., Uso de nuevas moléculas en el tratamiento del cáncer avanzado de tiroides, Endocrinología y Nutrición, Elsevier Doyma 2011; 58 (8):381- 386, doi:10.1016/j.endonu.2011.07.001.
[3] Cabanillas Maria E, Amir Habra Mouhammed, Anti-tumour treatment, Lenvatinib : Role in thyroid cancer and other solid tumors, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Cancer Treatment Reviews, Elsevier, 42 (2016) 47-55, doi.org/10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.11.003.
[4] Nair Abhilasha, Lemery Steven J., Yang Jun et al., FDA Approval Summary: Lenvatinib for Progressive, Radio-iodine–Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research, 21 (23) December 1, 2015, doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-1377.
[5] Schlumberger Martin, Barbara Jarzab Barbara, Cabanillas Maria E et al., A Phase II Trial of the Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Lenvatinib (E7080) in Advanced Medullary Thyroid Cancer, Clinical Cancer Research, 22 (1) Aug 26, 2015, page 44-53, doi: 10.1158/1078-0432. CCR-15-1127.
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[7] Fallahi Poupak, Di Bari Flavia, Ferrari Silvia Martina et al., Selective use of vandetanib in the treatment of thyroid cancer, Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 2015:9 3459–3470, doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S72495.
[8] Haddad Robert I., Dana - Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School; and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, How to Incorporate New Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Patients With Medullary Thyroid Cancer, Journal of Clinical Oncology, Volume 31 Number 29 October 10 2013: pp 3618-3620, doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.51.5098.
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[10] Abramson Vandana Gupta, Troxel Andrea B., Nellore Anoma et al., Phase II Trial of Sorafenib in Advanced Thyroid Cancer, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Volume 26 Number 29 October 10 2008, J Clin Oncol 26:4714-4719, doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.3279.
[11] Brose Marcia S, Nutting Christopher M, Jarzab Barbara et al., Sorafenib in radioactive iodine-refractory, locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial, www.thelancet.com, Jul 26, 2014, 384 (9940): pages 319-28, doi.org/10.1016/S0140 6736 (14) 60421-9
[12] Pacini F., Castagna M. G., Brilli L., Pentheroudakis G. et al, on behalf of the ESMO Guidelines Working Group, Thyroid cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up, clinical practical guidelines, Annals of Oncology, Volume 23, Issue suppl_7, 1 October 2012, Pages vii110–vii119, doi:10.1093/annonc/mds230.
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    Lynda Marianela Vásconez Proaño. (2019). New Targets in Advanced Thyroid Cancer Refractory Iodine. Cancer Research Journal, 7(2), 39-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20190702.12

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    ACS Style

    Lynda Marianela Vásconez Proaño. New Targets in Advanced Thyroid Cancer Refractory Iodine. Cancer Res. J. 2019, 7(2), 39-44. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20190702.12

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    AMA Style

    Lynda Marianela Vásconez Proaño. New Targets in Advanced Thyroid Cancer Refractory Iodine. Cancer Res J. 2019;7(2):39-44. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20190702.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.crj.20190702.12,
      author = {Lynda Marianela Vásconez Proaño},
      title = {New Targets in Advanced Thyroid Cancer Refractory Iodine},
      journal = {Cancer Research Journal},
      volume = {7},
      number = {2},
      pages = {39-44},
      doi = {10.11648/j.crj.20190702.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20190702.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.crj.20190702.12},
      abstract = {The majority of deaths due to thyroid cancer occur in patients with advanced DTC refractory to radioactive iodine. The spectacular advances in molecular medicine of recent years have opened new therapeutic possibilities. Currently, there is general agreement that treatment with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) should only be considered in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma refractory to radioactive iodine, with progressive and / or symptomatic metastatic disease that can not otherwise be treated locally. Most of these "new molecules" are multichannel inhibitors with varied action, which interact on different proteins such as RET, BRAF, cKIT, MET, EGFR, MAPK, PDGFR, etc. In addition, they have the additional advantage that they markedly prevent angiogenesis by acting on VEGFR 1, 2, and 3. TKI are associated with progression-free survival but not curative. Also, causes adverse effects that can affect the quality of life.The prolongation of progression-free survival has been demonstrated with sorafenib and lenvatinib compared with placebo in two phase III trials. These two drugs have been approved by the FDA and the European Medicines Agency for use in patients refractory to radioactive iodine with metastatic disease. Based on the Phase II Trials there are other Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) available such as sunitinib, axitinib or pazopanib that can produce some kind of clinical benefit and therefore need further investigation.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - New Targets in Advanced Thyroid Cancer Refractory Iodine
    AU  - Lynda Marianela Vásconez Proaño
    Y1  - 2019/04/22
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20190702.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.crj.20190702.12
    T2  - Cancer Research Journal
    JF  - Cancer Research Journal
    JO  - Cancer Research Journal
    SP  - 39
    EP  - 44
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20190702.12
    AB  - The majority of deaths due to thyroid cancer occur in patients with advanced DTC refractory to radioactive iodine. The spectacular advances in molecular medicine of recent years have opened new therapeutic possibilities. Currently, there is general agreement that treatment with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) should only be considered in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma refractory to radioactive iodine, with progressive and / or symptomatic metastatic disease that can not otherwise be treated locally. Most of these "new molecules" are multichannel inhibitors with varied action, which interact on different proteins such as RET, BRAF, cKIT, MET, EGFR, MAPK, PDGFR, etc. In addition, they have the additional advantage that they markedly prevent angiogenesis by acting on VEGFR 1, 2, and 3. TKI are associated with progression-free survival but not curative. Also, causes adverse effects that can affect the quality of life.The prolongation of progression-free survival has been demonstrated with sorafenib and lenvatinib compared with placebo in two phase III trials. These two drugs have been approved by the FDA and the European Medicines Agency for use in patients refractory to radioactive iodine with metastatic disease. Based on the Phase II Trials there are other Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) available such as sunitinib, axitinib or pazopanib that can produce some kind of clinical benefit and therefore need further investigation.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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