Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries

Wubishet Zewdie Wakene; Gezahegn Mamo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13

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Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries

Wubishet Zewdie Wakene, Gezahegn Mamo

Published in Science Journal of Clinical Medicine (Volume 6, Issue 6)

Received: 24 April 2017 Accepted: 5 June 2017 Published: 8 November 2017

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Abstract

Camel production is expanding in pastoral areas of the Eat African region {IGAD member countries} as a result of recurrent drought and its less susceptibility to drought relative to other livestock. It is an important domestic animal and the source of milk during dry season. Camel brucellosis is prevalent in the region. From review high prevalence of human brucellosis is observed with prevalence ranging between 1 to 46.5%, 2.15 to 60%, 5.8 to 17% and 2.15 to 7.5% by ELISA, RBPT, SAT and CFT respectively; whereas 3.1 to 40.5%, 2 to 39.9% and 1.6 to 7.6% by ELISA, RBPT and CFT in camels respectively. It is transmissible from animal to humans, causing acute febrile illness, undulant fever (inter¬mittent or remittent fever) which may persist for weeks or months accompanied by malaise, anorexia and prostration. Brucella species can enter mammalian hosts through skin abrasions or cuts, the conjunctiva, the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract and through reproductive tracts. It has economic importance and public health hazard particularly to pastoralist community because of a widespread traditional habit of consumption of raw animal products and close contact with livestock including camels. Since brucellosis has no effective treatment both in human and livestock; vaccination, hygiene and awareness creation are the best control and prevention strategies in the region. Therefore, the objective of the seminar paper was to review-the epidemiology of brucellosis in camel and human in East Africa with emphasis on Ethiopia.

Published in	Science Journal of Clinical Medicine (Volume 6, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13
Page(s)	109-115
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Brucellosis, Camel, East Africa, Epidemiology, Human

References

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APA Style

Wubishet Zewdie Wakene, Gezahegn Mamo. (2017). Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 6(6), 109-115. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13

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Wubishet Zewdie Wakene; Gezahegn Mamo. Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries. Sci. J. Clin. Med. 2017, 6(6), 109-115. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13

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AMA Style

Wubishet Zewdie Wakene, Gezahegn Mamo. Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries. Sci J Clin Med. 2017;6(6):109-115. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13

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@article{10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13,
  author = {Wubishet Zewdie Wakene and Gezahegn Mamo},
  title = {Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries},
  journal = {Science Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {6},
  number = {6},
  pages = {109-115},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20170606.13},
  abstract = {Camel production is expanding in pastoral areas of the Eat African region {IGAD member countries} as a result of recurrent drought and its less susceptibility to drought relative to other livestock. It is an important domestic animal and the source of milk during dry season. Camel brucellosis is prevalent in the region. From review high prevalence of human brucellosis is observed with prevalence ranging between 1 to 46.5%, 2.15 to 60%, 5.8 to 17% and 2.15 to 7.5% by ELISA, RBPT, SAT and CFT respectively; whereas 3.1 to 40.5%, 2 to 39.9% and 1.6 to 7.6% by ELISA, RBPT and CFT in camels respectively. It is transmissible from animal to humans, causing acute febrile illness, undulant fever (inter¬mittent or remittent fever) which may persist for weeks or months accompanied by malaise, anorexia and prostration. Brucella species can enter mammalian hosts through skin abrasions or cuts, the conjunctiva, the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract and through reproductive tracts. It has economic importance and public health hazard particularly to pastoralist community because of a widespread traditional habit of consumption of raw animal products and close contact with livestock including camels. Since brucellosis has no effective treatment both in human and livestock; vaccination, hygiene and awareness creation are the best control and prevention strategies in the region. Therefore, the objective of the seminar paper was to review-the epidemiology of brucellosis in camel and human in East Africa with emphasis on Ethiopia.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries
AU  - Wubishet Zewdie Wakene
AU  - Gezahegn Mamo
Y1  - 2017/11/08
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DO  - 10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13
T2  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JO  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
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EP  - 115
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2732
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13
AB  - Camel production is expanding in pastoral areas of the Eat African region {IGAD member countries} as a result of recurrent drought and its less susceptibility to drought relative to other livestock. It is an important domestic animal and the source of milk during dry season. Camel brucellosis is prevalent in the region. From review high prevalence of human brucellosis is observed with prevalence ranging between 1 to 46.5%, 2.15 to 60%, 5.8 to 17% and 2.15 to 7.5% by ELISA, RBPT, SAT and CFT respectively; whereas 3.1 to 40.5%, 2 to 39.9% and 1.6 to 7.6% by ELISA, RBPT and CFT in camels respectively. It is transmissible from animal to humans, causing acute febrile illness, undulant fever (inter¬mittent or remittent fever) which may persist for weeks or months accompanied by malaise, anorexia and prostration. Brucella species can enter mammalian hosts through skin abrasions or cuts, the conjunctiva, the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract and through reproductive tracts. It has economic importance and public health hazard particularly to pastoralist community because of a widespread traditional habit of consumption of raw animal products and close contact with livestock including camels. Since brucellosis has no effective treatment both in human and livestock; vaccination, hygiene and awareness creation are the best control and prevention strategies in the region. Therefore, the objective of the seminar paper was to review-the epidemiology of brucellosis in camel and human in East Africa with emphasis on Ethiopia.
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Wubishet Zewdie Wakene

Oromia Pastoral Area Development Commission, Yabello Regional Veterinary Laboratory, Yabello, Ethiopia
Gezahegn Mamo

Addis Ababa University College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Bishoftu, Ethiopia

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Wubishet Zewdie Wakene, Gezahegn Mamo. (2017). Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 6(6), 109-115. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13

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ACS Style

Wubishet Zewdie Wakene; Gezahegn Mamo. Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries. Sci. J. Clin. Med. 2017, 6(6), 109-115. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13

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AMA Style

Wubishet Zewdie Wakene, Gezahegn Mamo. Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries. Sci J Clin Med. 2017;6(6):109-115. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13,
  author = {Wubishet Zewdie Wakene and Gezahegn Mamo},
  title = {Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries},
  journal = {Science Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {6},
  number = {6},
  pages = {109-115},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20170606.13},
  abstract = {Camel production is expanding in pastoral areas of the Eat African region {IGAD member countries} as a result of recurrent drought and its less susceptibility to drought relative to other livestock. It is an important domestic animal and the source of milk during dry season. Camel brucellosis is prevalent in the region. From review high prevalence of human brucellosis is observed with prevalence ranging between 1 to 46.5%, 2.15 to 60%, 5.8 to 17% and 2.15 to 7.5% by ELISA, RBPT, SAT and CFT respectively; whereas 3.1 to 40.5%, 2 to 39.9% and 1.6 to 7.6% by ELISA, RBPT and CFT in camels respectively. It is transmissible from animal to humans, causing acute febrile illness, undulant fever (inter¬mittent or remittent fever) which may persist for weeks or months accompanied by malaise, anorexia and prostration. Brucella species can enter mammalian hosts through skin abrasions or cuts, the conjunctiva, the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract and through reproductive tracts. It has economic importance and public health hazard particularly to pastoralist community because of a widespread traditional habit of consumption of raw animal products and close contact with livestock including camels. Since brucellosis has no effective treatment both in human and livestock; vaccination, hygiene and awareness creation are the best control and prevention strategies in the region. Therefore, the objective of the seminar paper was to review-the epidemiology of brucellosis in camel and human in East Africa with emphasis on Ethiopia.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review on Epidemiology of Camel and Human Brucellosis in East Africa, Igad Member Countries
AU  - Wubishet Zewdie Wakene
AU  - Gezahegn Mamo
Y1  - 2017/11/08
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13
T2  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
JO  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
SP  - 109
EP  - 115
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2732
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20170606.13
AB  - Camel production is expanding in pastoral areas of the Eat African region {IGAD member countries} as a result of recurrent drought and its less susceptibility to drought relative to other livestock. It is an important domestic animal and the source of milk during dry season. Camel brucellosis is prevalent in the region. From review high prevalence of human brucellosis is observed with prevalence ranging between 1 to 46.5%, 2.15 to 60%, 5.8 to 17% and 2.15 to 7.5% by ELISA, RBPT, SAT and CFT respectively; whereas 3.1 to 40.5%, 2 to 39.9% and 1.6 to 7.6% by ELISA, RBPT and CFT in camels respectively. It is transmissible from animal to humans, causing acute febrile illness, undulant fever (inter¬mittent or remittent fever) which may persist for weeks or months accompanied by malaise, anorexia and prostration. Brucella species can enter mammalian hosts through skin abrasions or cuts, the conjunctiva, the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract and through reproductive tracts. It has economic importance and public health hazard particularly to pastoralist community because of a widespread traditional habit of consumption of raw animal products and close contact with livestock including camels. Since brucellosis has no effective treatment both in human and livestock; vaccination, hygiene and awareness creation are the best control and prevention strategies in the region. Therefore, the objective of the seminar paper was to review-the epidemiology of brucellosis in camel and human in East Africa with emphasis on Ethiopia.
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
ER  -

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